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Morley, David - The Cambridge introduction to creative writing (2011) - libgen.li
| Endnotes 1. Lederman, Olarreaga, and Payton 2006. 2. UNIDO 2006. 3. UNCTAD b. Seethe Website of the Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation of China. There is also a center in Egypt. (www.cofortune.com/ cn/moftec_cn/tzkfzx/tzkf_menu.html). 5. This was second in the conclave series organized by the Confederation of Indian Industry. The first one was held in March 2005. About 178 projects were discussed and 12 Memoranda of Understanding were signed. Regional mini-conclaves were held in 2006, including one in Lusaka, Zambia (April, targeting Southern African countries, and another in Accra, Ghana (May 2006), targeting Western and Central African countries. World Bank Global Technical Barrier to Trade Survey. FIGURE Ab Demand for FDI Information on Sub-Saharan Africa by Region 0 5 10 15 20 25 Jun- 2002 Dec- 2002 Jun- 2003 Dec- 2003 Jun- 2004 Dec- 2004 Jun- 2005 Dec- 2005 increase by factor Sub-Saharan Africa Latin America and the Caribbean Eastern Europe and Central Asia Middle East and North Africa South Asia East Asia and Pacific Source: MIGA. 05-Chap5:05-Chap5 10/10/06 11:14 AM Page 287 288 AFRICA ’ S SILK ROAD : CHINA AND INDIA ’ S NEW ECONOMIC FRONTIER. Rauch 2001; Gould 1994; and Rauch and Casella 1998. 8. See http://indiandiaspora.nic.in/contents.htm. 9. Wei 2004. A recent strand in the literature emphasizes that trade and migration might appear as complements as opposed to substitutes (Gould 1990, 1994). Rauch (2003) and Rauch and Trindade (2002) also find that trade and migration are complements. Eisenman and Kurlantzick 2006. 11. When FTAs are formed among developing countries or between developed and developing countries, they have generally limited their coverage totem- porary location of skilled workers, if any, as illustrated in the case of the Chile and the Singapore agreement with the United States. Announcing this at a meeting organized by the Southern Indian Chamber of Commerce and Industry, South African High Commissioner to India Francis Moloi said orders in this regard were issued in July 2006. He said South Africa must reexamine its visa regulations, particularly in the context of forging closer ties and trade and business between the two countries. http://www.the- hindu.com/2006/07/11/stories/2006071107960500.htm. 13. See Roy and Bagai (2005). 14. See Walkenhorst and Yasui (2003); Cudmore and Whalley (2004); Wilson, Luo, and Broadman (2006); Djankov, Freund, and Pham (2006); Soloaga, Wilon, and Mejia (2006). 15. Naude, Gilroy, and Gries 2005. 16. Naude, Gilroy, and Gries 2005. 17. Amjadi and Yeats 1985. 18. Based on the World Bank Investment Climate Assessments, trade finance programs are most effectively facilitating manufactured exports among African firms, compared to other export incentive schemes African governments extend to firms such as duty drawback, bonded warehouse, and VAT exemption programs. See Yoshino (2006). 19. Eaton and Kortum (2001) and Navaretti and Soloaga (2001). 20. India, Africa ready to embrace global destiny An Article by Minister of State for External Affairs Rao Inderjit Singh. In http://meaindia.nic.in/ interview. January 25, 2006. 21. MIGA’s online services for foreign investors comprise IPAnet, Privatization- Link, and FDI Xchange. When MIGA launched IPAnet in 1995, it was considered a pioneer in the use of the Internet for disseminating information on investment opportunities and the business environment in developing countries. Subsequently, MIGA diversified its information services by launching PrivatizationLink (1998), FDI Xchange (2002), and the FDI Promotion Center. Although a recent evaluation of MIGA indicated that the services appeared to be providing reliable, accurate, timely, and current information, in Africa there is a quality deficit. Independent Evaluation Group-MIGA 2006 Annual Report. 05-Chap5:05-Chap5 10/10/06 11:14 AM Page 288 |