2 Pre Columbian-1775 Land bridge- american Revolution
TOPIC/CONCEPT TO BE DISCUSSES
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- Age of Exploration, Discovery, and Colonial Settlement
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- Summer Institute AMERICAN SCHOLASTIC ASSOCIATES Summer of 2002 for Salt Lake Austin
TOPIC/CONCEPT TO BE DISCUSSES; The Scarlet Letter / The Grapes of Wrath/Farewell to Arms/ Great Gatsby/A Separate Peace Characters: ________________________ Themes:___________________________ Symbols:__________________________ Love Triangle:______________________ Plot development:___________________ Point of View:______________________ Literary sample of___________________ Setting:___________________________ Literary Elements:___________________ Style & structure:___________________ Literary merit______________________ Diction & fluency___________________ TOPIC/CONCEPT TO BE DISCUSSES; Pre-Columbian New World The ideas of the transfer of culture from Asia along the Bering Straits Diversity of Indian populations before Columbus—there were hundreds There were cultures of Indians as wide as “white men & Chinese” Indians of North America/South America Indians of the US-Woodland (north-south), plains, intermountain, desert southwest, pacific slope tribes, the fishers and the Eskimos Indians of Mexico & South America (Aztecs, Mayans, & Incas) Indians who were hunters, farmers, seed gathers, fishers, and nomads Great cultures and civilizations: e.g Cherokees, the Sioux, the Nez Perce Exchange of products and vices—diseases, useful imports—the horse especially The role of women in native American society—they were Matriarchal in many cases Native Americans were environmentally self sustaining—nature was their God. TOPIC/CONCEPT TO BE DISCUSSES; Age of Exploration, Discovery, and Colonial Settlement Columbus and the coming of the conquerors Europeans came because of—Reformation & Renaissance European nations who came to colonize—Spain, Portugal, Holland, France, and England Convergence on the North American continent of Red, White, and Black Races The environmental developments of the old world vs the new world There were explorers and there were colonizers—people who stayed Spaniard came with Missions, Pueblos, & Presidios. The Dutch came as traders—patroon system French came as fur traders with the Indians English came to bring settlers to live permanently. They were the last to come. Settlements of—Santa Fe, At. Augustine, New Orleans, Plymouth, Jamestown Institutions of government and society blended together in the new world TOPIC/CONCEPT TO BE DISCUSSES; British Colonial America-16th, 17th, &18th Centuries Affect of Reformation—new religions came—diversity in doctrine & nationality Introduction of African slavery British North America—a nation of immigrants Jamestown, Plymouth, Mass. Bay, et.al. (New York-Dutch) Mercantilism and commerce Native American vs English interactions John Winthrop, James Oglethorpe, John Smith, Wm Bradford, Wm Penn et.al. Development of colonies: North, Middle, & South Migrations of Europeans to the New World to stay permanently Development of a new culture, a new man, in a new environment Interplay of democracy, theocracy, and monarchy Adaptations to environment, societies, and races (red, white, & black) TOPIC/CONCEPT TO BE DISCUSSES; American Revolutionary Times American Revolution came over a long period of time “In the hearts and minds of the people long before the war broke out” Am. Rev. a rejection of monarchy in favor of democracy & individualism Causes: nationalism, imperialism, militarism, propaganda, and autocracy Short range causes: Bunker Hill, Patrick Henry, TJ, Franklin, & John Adams The war in New England, New York, Chesapeake, & South Outbreak in Boston, Turning point (Saratoga, NY), end at Yorktown Successful because of leadership—Washington, Hamilton, TJ, & Franklin The Confederation an experiment that failed but produced success Faults of the Confederation: Foundations of the Constitution Basic principles: popular sovereignty, social compact, bill of rights, etc. TOPIC/CONCEPT TO BE DISCUSSES; Confederation & Constitution Am. Rev. fought under the Confederation Strengths vs weakness of Confederation Achievements of Confederation-won the war, negotiated the peace, & laws Basic principles of Constitution Conventions, plans, and developments Whose who? Madison, Hamilton, Washington, Franklin, Mason, John Adams Preamble Provisions of Constitution Bill of Rights, a guarantee to individuals against powers of government The role of Geo. Washington James Madison the primary author of Constitution The plans: Virginia, New Jersey, New York, and South Carolina TOPIC/CONCEPT TO BE DISCUSSES; Constitution & Federalism Ratification of Cons/with Bill of Rights Financial plans by Hamilton Development of the Cabinet The five greats: Washington, Hamilton, Jefferson, Franklin, & Madison Every action set a precedent for the future Development of political parties Implementation of elastic clause Federalism & foreign affairs Neutrality proclamation Washington & no-entangling alliances Limitation of presidential terms John Adams is peacefully selected to succeed Washington TOPIC/CONCEPT TO BE DISCUSSES; Jeffersonian Democracy & Nationalism Virginia Statutes of Religious Liberty Declaration of Independence Minister to France during Confederation Secretary of State-Under Washington Elections in 1800-“So-called revolution” National enlargement-Louis & Clark War with Barbary Pirates Embargo Act Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions Advocate of agrarian democracy Advocate of education for all “The government that governs best, governs least!” TOPIC/CONCEPT TO BE DISCUSSES; Jacksonian America War of 1812: New Orleans & Horseshoe Bend Elections of 1824 & 1828 Emergence of Common Man Universal Manhood Suffrage/Rotation in Office Nullification crisis/secession Indian Removal issue-why & where? Jackson and the national bank/Market Revolution Jackson’s relations with Calhoun and Clay Jackson a hard money man Jackson and women Coming of the 2nd Great Awakening Democratic or Autocratic? TOPIC/CONCEPT TO BE DISCUSSES; Gilded Age Culture Literature: Music: Art Architecture Education: Science: practical Science: theoretical Inventions: Myth making of lure & stories Social Darwinism Philanthropy: Music & Education Philosophy TOPIC/CONCEPT TO BE DISCUSSES; New Deal Developments Reaction to the Depression as part of the depression FDR’s objectives: R/R/R Early measures New Deal Thinkers/Movers & Shakers Foreign Relations of the 1930’s Constitutional aspects of New Deal/Courts Concept of deficit spending FDR/Labor & industry FDR/Agriculture Reforms of the system Opponents of the New Deal Environmental aspects of the New Deal TOPIC/CONCEPT TO BE DISCUSSES; Colonial Period New England Area-Family dominated-towns-govt by contract Chesapeake Bay area-largely male dominated-aristocratic Southern colonies-slavery-plantations, sugar, tobacco, rice New York/Pennsylvania-commerce Calvinism in north-Puritanism, Congregationalism, Presbyterianism Anglicanism in the South Middle Colonies: Quakers, Catholics, & Protestants Great Awakening Plantation economy Widespread diversity among Indians, Europeans, Africans Major changes over time of 150 years (1620 to 1770) Ports and commerce; Boston, New York, Phil., Baltimore, Charlestown Atlantic seacoast TOPIC/CONCEPT TO BE DISCUSSES; World War II The causes relate to failures of WWI World Rise of Fascism, dictatorship, & economic inequality Ideas of world domination by Germans & Japanese Failures of allies to act sooner, more decisively, & with power Uniqueness of the two theaters: Europe & South Pacific Role of military leadership on all sides Development an implementation of technology Role of the US as “arsenal of democracy” The world confronts dictatorship with democracy—the Cold War Development of regional military alliances—NATO, SEATO, OAS, etc. TOPIC/CONCEPT TO BE DISCUSSES; Trans-Mississippi West Environmental adaptation, movement, and destiny Lewis & Clark, Pike, Serra, Mountain Men & east to west movement The role of the frontier The contact with and management of Native Americans Manifest Destiny Transportation--railroads The Fur Trade The Mining Kingdom The Cattle Kingdom Urbanization of the West Folklore, art, culture & spirit of individualism Development of the greatest bread basket on earth TOPIC/CONCEPT TO BE DISCUSSES; World War I & Versailles Treaty The causes of war: nationalism, imperialism, militarism, propaganda, & alliances Triple Entente vs Triple Alliance Immediate causes: Archduke, Zimmerman, & Lusitania End of old-world warfare vs new militarism Trench warfare—European phase of war Entry of the US—why we went in Impact of technology on warfare: tank, airplane, and industrialism Military leadership on both sides Costs and losses of the war End of the war—why it came Versailles Peace Treaty—failed diplomacy US rejection of the League of Nations TOPIC/CONCEPT TO BE DISCUSSES; Civil War Era Causes of war: sectionalism, slavery, industrialism, expansionism, balance of power Immediate issues: John Brown, Dred Scott, Election of Lincoln, Ft Sumter Failure of compromises—1850 and Crittenden 1860 Imbalance of advantages for the North Critical battles: Shiloh, Antietam, Gettysburg, & Vicksburg Leadership: Lincoln, Grant, Davis & Lee War on the Potomac, War in the South, War In the West Hospitals & Prisons Emancipation Proclamation Lincoln 2nd Term & Inauguration Assassination of Lincoln Lincoln’s conception of post-war reconstruction TOPIC/CONCEPT TO BE DISCUSSES; 2nd Great Awakening Begins as an out-growth of nationalism Development of utopian socialism & communitarianism-Charles G. Finney Burned out district—origin of New religions: Mormonism & Seventh Day Adventists New Harmony, Oneida, Shakers, and Women’s rights movement with: Anthony, Stanton, Dix & Seneca Falls Prison reform advocacy Educational reforms; Mann, Barnard, & Webster Temperance Movement Artistic developments—Transcendentalism-Hudson school of art Revolution in Amer. Literature North—South division of Protestant Churches—Baptists & Methodists Development of Deism and Unitarianism TOPIC/CONCEPT TO BE DISCUSSES; Progressivism Was an era of reform that occurred as outgrowth of industrial exploitation Progressivism occurred at all levels of politics: national, state, & local Hallmark changes include: 16, 17, 18, 18 Amendments Popular electoral changes: referendum, recall, & initiative petitions Local changes: city manager, commission, & mayor-council systems State changes pioneered in Wisconsin, California, Nebraska Presidential Progressives: Theodore Roosevelt, Wm Howard Taft & W. Wilson Legislative achievements Conservation. Labor reforms, urban changes Progressive Party founded by TR Gospel of efficiency—muckrakers and populists Development of Social Justice TOPIC/CONCEPT TO BE DISCUSSES; Imperialism Definition is economic and political control of one country over another Stems from industrial age aggressiveness US moves from insular to internationalist point of view US attempt at control over the Caribbean. US control over Pacific Ocean rim US involvement in Japan and China Purchase of Alaska, missionaries to Hawaii Development of Naval Power—Mahan thesis Revival of Monroe Doctrine with amendments Spanish-American War Dark side of imperialism: racist, ethnocentric, Diplomatic initiatives; Open Door, Roosevelt Corollary etc TOPIC/CONCEPT TO BE DISCUSSES; Great Depression Causes: Over-speculation, over-extension of credit, over-production, mal dist. of wealth Decade long influence from abroad as result of WW I Hoover policies too little too late to stem the depression Oct. 29th stock market crash Depression deepens and displaces more and more people Dust bowl issue—trans-location of the poor Nearly 30 % of the people unemployed Government failed to regulate effectively Bonus March of the veterans Tariff policy was bad Reconstruction Finance Corporation Depression continues into the 1930’s nearly until 1939 TOPIC/CONCEPT TO BE DISCUSSES; Monroe Doctrine The formal public policy of President James Monroe Prohibit European intervention into America Origins of the doctrine—Channing, JQ Adams, & Monroe Written by John Quincy Adams Announced 1823 by the President Remained a focal point of diplomacy throughout 19th century Amended and reinforced by the Roosevelt Corollary US actually enforced the doctrine by the strategic use of British Navy Connections and responses from Europe Spanish, French, German, and English concerns. A check on the Congress of Vienna and old world powers Sought to limit imperialism except it allowed US to act imperialistically TOPIC/CONCEPT TO BE DISCUSSES; Cold War Years Came on the heels of the hot-war WW II as ideological conflict Truman Administration Actions-Yalta Conference & beyond Marshall Plan, Truman Doctrine, & Point Four Role of nuclear power in Cold War Korean War as part of Cold War Leadership response to Cold War: Truman, Stalin, Khrushchev, Kennedy, & Ike Cuban Missile Crisis as the Apex Vietnam as residual part of the communist expansion Failure of diplomacy to head of conflicts Johnson’s role in the Cold War Nixon and Kissinger in Cold War Collapse of the Cold War under Reagan-Bush TOPIC/CONCEPT TO BE DISCUSSES; Vietnam War Origins of Vietnam Conflict stem from failure /French colonialism & Asian nationalism Communism’s expansion doctrine American involvement begins in 1950’s escalates in 1960’s The world issue of alliances: SEATO & NATO Massive retaliation vs world conquest Part of xenophobia of Bay of Pigs, Cuban Missile crisis, & Berlin Escalation by Kennedy and Johnson Gulf of Tonkin Resolution Tet Offensive, Mai Lai, & Pleiku South Vietnamese corruption in government Election of 1968 End game came in 1972. TOPIC/CONCEPT TO BE DISCUSSES; Puritanism 1. A European religious ideal framed by the Calvinist Doctrine 2. Primarily a New England phenomenon 3. Theocratic yet dealt with ideas of common consent 4. John Winthrop “City On A Hill” 5. Doctrines of the Covenant, Predestination, Good Works, & Salvation by Grace 6. Developers of the Social Contract 7. Concept of Limited Government 8. Distrust of Arbitrary Power 9. A Middle-Class Movement 10. Capitalistic economics 11. Humanistic but intolerant of vice 12/ Believers in hard work, sobriety, education, & loyalty
1. Causes of Revolution: nationalism, militarism, propaganda, autocracy, imperialism. 2. Specific: Zenger, French & Indian War, Stamp Act 3. Britain’s reneging on Salutory Neglect- 4. Declaratory Act 5. Townshend Acts 6. Intolerable Acts 7. British control of trade & commerce 8. Revolutionary thinkers—Tom Paine, Patrick Henry, Adams, & Jefferson 9. Declaration of Independence and what it implied & meant 10. Britain’s attempt at the use of military force 11. The triggers: Concord, Lexington, et.al. 12/ Development of concept of guerrilla warfare-from the Indians
1. The role of Declaration, Confederation, & Constitution 2. Contributions of leaders: Hamilton, Washington, Madison, Adams—et.al. 4. Bill of Rights & national expansion 5. Lewis & Clark, Pike, & Serra expeditions 6. Cotton gin 7. Emergence of new leaders: Calhoun, Clay, Webster, & Jackson 8. War of 1812 9. Symbols of nationalism 10. Foreign policy issues 11. Immigration & expansionism 12/ Issue of slavery & expansionism
1. Fundamental philosophy 2. Tenets of: all men are equal, unalienable rights, freedom of press, & religion 3. Development of the separation of powers concept 4. Development of constitutionalism 5. Role of G. Washington, Hamilton, Madison, & Marshall 6. Development of concept of civilian control of the military 7. Developments and concerns of political parties 8. Protections of Bill of Rights 9. Jefferson & Madison’s Admin. 10. Marshall and the great decisions 11. Amendment Process 12/ Privileges of citizens
1. Meriweather Lewis commissioned by Jefferson for journey 2. Lewis recruits Clark as Co-Captain & selection Corps of Discovery 3. Objective: Head waters of Missouri on to Pacific Ocean 4. Special roles of Sacajawea, Charbeneau, York, & Colter 5. Indian Tribes Encountered—Sacajewea & guides 6. Outbound experiences with Mandans, Blackfeet, Nez Perce 7. The Grand Columbia River on to Pacific Ocean 8. The Return Trip—Clark to Yellowstone 9. John Colter’s Experience 10. The Great Journals of Lewis & Clark 11. The scientific information from the journey 12/ Retrospective historical importance of the Corps of Discovery
1. Agreement struck by Henry Clay to deal with expansion of slavery 2. Missouri to be admitted as slave state, Maine to be admitted as free state 3 Boundary Line drawn—Mason/Dixon Line. 4. Potential expansion favored slave states 5. Fractured relations with Calhoun, Clay, Webster, & JQA 6. A very tenuous agreement 7. The beginning of organized (not de facto) sectionalism 8. Environmental, racial, political, & economic sectionalism 9. Signaled the rising importance of the West 10. Influence of Thomas Hart Benton thereafter 11. Long range cause of civil war strife 12/ Enduring region of sectionalism of the Midwest in future US History
1. The Supreme Court before John Marshall—In effective with nothing to do. 2. John Marshall the giant of judgment 3. Marbury vs Madison case 4. Fletcher vs Peck case 5. McCulloch vs Maryland case 6. Dartmouth College vs Woodward case 7. Gibbons vs Ogden 8. Cherokee Nation vs Georgia case 9. Worcester vs Georgia 10. Cohen’s vs Virginia 11. Establishes the Concept of Judicial Review 12. Serves Longer than any other Justice
1. Began in the post constitutional era 2. Major movement during the 2nd Great Awakening 3. Philosophic dichotomy south vs north 4. William Lloyd Garrison-Liberator 5. Theodore Dwight Weld 6. Grimke Sisters 7. Abolition among the intellectual Trancendentalists [New Englanders] 8. War With Mexico and conscience abolitionists 9. Compromise of 1850/Kansas Nebraska Act 10. John Brown escapade 11. Dred Scot Case-1858 12. Abolitionism inflames the nation into Civil War.
1. Slavery in the new world came early 2. Slavery was incredibly diverse-many African cultures converge-sugar culture first 3. Slavery under the constitution & concept of property 4. American social pyramid—slavery at the bottom 5. Sociology of ante-bellum slavery in the US—Ira Berlin thesis 6. Barrow Plantation as an example 7. Washington, Jefferson, et.al. as slave owners 8. Slavery under the Declaration’s ideology 9. Plantations were for high labor intensive crops: tobacco, sugar, rice & cotton 10. Slavery on the market block—devastation to families 11. Slavery and religion 12. Anti-slavery movements
1. Pre-Civil War immigration came from Northern Protestant Europe 2. Urbanization occurred along the Atlantic sea-coast at first. 3. Eventually interior cities arose-immigration gradual. 4. Antebellum immigration was from Western Europe primarily 5. Gilded Age immigration from Southern and Eastern Europe-Catholic/Jewish 6. Urbanization mushroomed exponentially because of industrialism 7. Plight of starving Europeans-the potato famine in Ireland 8. The massive explosion of population centers along industrial corridor 9. Tenement houses, slums, and gravitation from rural to urban centers 10. Problems of; crime, poverty, disease, exploitation 11. Positive contributions of immigrants—Carnegie among others 12. Urbanization aided by transportation of immigrants—ergo the railroad
1. Begins as an ideological struggle at the end of WW II 2. Communism vs Democracy in the West 3. Potsdam Conference and Yalta as spawning grounds 4. Impact of the bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki 5. Russian seizure of land of eastern Europe 6. Concept of Massive Relation leads to H-bomb development 7. Arms Race heats up 8. Eisenhower vs Khrushchev conflict 9. Korean War as war to define the limitations of expansion 10. Containment policy of George Kennan 11. Other Cold War leaders: Acheson, Lovett, Bundy, Ball,& Harriman 12/ Cuban Missile Crises become the Apex of Cold War
1. Has roots back in the Jazz Age of the 1920’s 2. Back to Africa Movement vs assimilation 3. Military integration during WW II successful 4. Postwar militancy: Brown vs Board of Education 5. Emergence of major African American leaders 6. Martin Luther King in Particular 7. Events of Little Rock, Selma 8. Civil Rights Struggles of 1960’s: Freedom Riders, March on Washington, 9. Civil Rights Acts of 1964-65 10. Black Panthers and race riots in Newark, LA, Detroit, and New York 11. King Assassinated, 1968 12/ Equal right Amendment passed but ultimately failed
1. Slavery has to be a discussion issue in this concept. 2. Farm labor was family oriented and explains why the large families 3. Labor unions begin in pre-Civil War New England 4. Commonwealth vs Hunt 5. Post War Unions come into being 6. National Labor Union-Wm Sylvis 7. Knights of Labor-Terrence Powderly 8. AFL & skill unions-Gompers 9. Other union movements 10. CIO organizes during Great Depression for unskilled workers 11. Post WW II – Labor unions unite 12/ Labor becomes a competitor with management and government
1. The decade began with a nasty military action in Korea. 2. The Truman Years and problems 3. Election of 1952 and coming of Dwight D. Eisenhower 4. Decade of conformity, consensus, and consumption 5. Civil Rights achievements: Brown vs Board of Ed. Topeka Kansas 6. Inter-state highway system comes into being 7. Cold War hits high points vs Communism 8. Implementation of integration 9. Impact of the “Boomers” 10. Ike warns against military/industrial complex 11. Decade of peace and prosperity 12/ Culture of the “Nifty-Fifties”
1. The concept of globalism really begins with Ferdinand Magellan 2. The age of European Expansion to the New World 3. Immigration as funnel of the world to America 4. Imperialism in late 19th century made US outwardly global 5. World War I engaged the US in the world order forcebly 6. League of Nations was turning point 7. WW II was world wide globalism for US survival 8. Cold War years of containment kept US on global track--UN 9. Cuban Missile Crisis was total involvement and threat 10. Regional defense alliances have kept world and US involved 11. The oil demands of the world 12/ Now the economic ascendancy of China, India, Middle East, & Latin America keep the world order integrated and inter-related.
1. Diversity among Native Americans 2. Diversity among African immigrants to the New World 3. Diversity among European Whites to the New World 4. The impact of religion on diversity-Christianity, Judaism, Muslim, & Oriental 5. The modern 19th & 20th century impact of gender in diversity 6. The assimilation of races: Mestizos, mullatoes, & Amer-Asians 7. The contribution of free public education on diversity 8. The break-down of the class structure in cycles 9. The modern movement of gay rights in America 10. The ability of movement internally creates new diversity 11. Sectionalism, environmental, and class in diversity 12/ America really is the “melting pot of the world.”
European Expansionism Pre-Columbian Western Hemisphere Spanish/English/French Colonial System Mercantilism First settlements Chesapeake vs New England Colonial Conflicts & Cultures Puritanism The Great Awakening Salutory Neglect/Zenger Trial/Deism French & Indian War Adam Smith & Laissez-faire Coming of the Revolution/War of Independence Articles of Confederation Federal Constitution Federalist Era/Unparallel Leaders Jeffersonian Democracy/Empire builders Age of Nationalism Era of Good Feelings Lewis & Clark Monroe Doctrine Missouri Compromise John Marshall & the Judiciary Jacksonian Democracy Emerging Capitalism/Market Revolution 2ns Great Awakening Transcendentalism Abolitionism Manifest Destiny Sectionalism Slavery & Plantation Culture Sectional Challenges Civil War Reconstruction Trans-Mississippi West Industrialism Emergence of Labor Urbanization Gilded Age Culture Populism Social Darwinism Imperialism & US Progressivism in the US World War I & Treaty of Versailles The Jazz Age Crash/Depression/New Deal War & Society:1939-1945 Cold War Nifty-Fifties Civil Rights Movement Vietnam Politics of Polarization Reagan Experiment Summer Institute AMERICAN SCHOLASTIC ASSOCIATES Summer of 2002 for Salt Lake & Austin 1. One of the results of 2nd Great Awakening was that it tended to close the gap between the social classes conservative denominations were greatly influenced by revivalism Methodists and Baptists gained most of their new members from the wealthy. In the more prosperous denominations the numbers dropped rapidly. It helped lead to splits between Northern and Southern members of the same church. * 2. The Populist movement hoped to aid unions in their struggles with management. limit the number of states allowing women’s suffrage. gain greater restrictions on immigration. convince the federal government to allow the free coinage of silver. * unite industrialists and middle class farmers against unskilled workers. 3. Eisenhower’s “New Look” Foreign Policy promised “more bang for the buck”. relied heavily on nuclear weapons to deter Soviet aggression. Was designed to cut down military costs Helped contribute to a policy of Brinkmanship All of the above * 4. The Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854 forbade slavery in the Kansas and Nebraska territories put an end to “bleeding Kansas” opened the territories to popular sovereignty invalidated the Le Compton Constitution discouraged open settlement 5. The Trent affair was significant because It was a scandal which further undermined the Grant administration. Japan’s attack on this U.S. gunboat in China threatened to bring the U.S. to war in 1937. It might have been used as a pretext for British intervention into the U.S. Civil War on the side of the Confederacy. Many Northerners saw it as evidence of a southern conspiracy to gain slave territory south of the border in the Caribbean & Latin America. It demonstrated Wilson’s vigorous attempts to both assert the freedom of the seas and keep the U.S. neutral in 1915. 6. Jefferson’s logic, argument, and wording are most solidly based on the political philosophy of Adam Smith John Locke George F. Kennan John Maynard Keynes Alex d’ Tocqueville 7. Which immigrant group was the first one officially banned from entering the U.S. by an Act of Congress? Irish Armenians Japanese Chinese Italians 8. Which President is incorrectly match with the slogan of his domestic program? Theodore Roosevelt - Square Deal Harry Truman – Fair Deal Franklin D. Roosevelt – New Deal John F. Kennedy – The New Frontier Lyndon Johnson – The New Charter 9. American attitudes toward immigration became more negative during the period 1890-1920 for all of the following reasons EXCEPT: increased Irish immigration due to the potato famine the assassination of President McKinley by an anarchist increased labor violence and agitation attributed to socialists and anarchists poor results for immigrants on WWI IQ tests conducted by US Army the substantial increase of immigrants from Eastern & Southern Europe 10. Many historians date the official start of the Cold War from Churchill’s Iron Curtain speech The Potsdam Conference Soviet refused to participate in the Marshal Plan The Korean War The Berlin Blockade 11. In its decision in the case of Dred Scott vs Sanford, the Supreme Court held that separate facilities for different races were inherently unequal and therefore unconstitutional no black slave could be a citizen of the United States separate but equal facilities for different races were unconstitutional imposition of a literacy test imposed an unconstitutional barrier to the right to vote. Slavery was held to be constitutional on the grounds of being property 12. Which of the following passed into law during the presidency of Woodrow Wilson? The Pure Food and Drug Act A progressive income tax A high protective tariff A national old-age pension The Sherman Antitrust Act 13. “Small islands not capable of protecting themselves are the proper objects for Kingdoms to take under their care; but there is something very absurd in supposing a continent to be perpetually governed by an island.” The above quotation best represents:
Thomas Jefferson’s argument for independence in the Declaration of Independence John Locke’s views on natural law Thomas Paine’s argument for independence in Common Sense The Second Continental Congress appealed to the King The views found in John Dickinson’s Letters from a Farmer in Pennsylvania. 14. Which one of the following people did NOT support radical social and/or political change to meet the needs of the lower classes? Eugene Debs William Haywood Helen Keller Andrew Mellon Mary Elizabeth Lease 15. How was the Leo Frank Trial (1912) a precursor to the Red Scare of the 1920’s An immigrant was arrested because of his ethnicity A. Mitchell Palmer held Frank without evidence It caused urban unrest in New York The workingman was a victim of big business An innocent man was accused and murdered 16. What was the most successful and long lasting Indian resistance to European expansion? Pequot War King Philip’s War Pueblo Revolt Cherokee War Yamasee War 17. Which of the following events or individuals is NOT associated with a slave insurrection? Denmark Vesey Gabriel Prosser Liesler’s Rebellion Nat Turner Stono Rebellion 18. “There is not right to strike against the public safety by anybody, anytime” The quote is associated with which of the following strikes? Boston Police Strike Homestead Steel Strike Haymarket Square Railway Strike 1877 Seattle Shipyard Strike of 1919 19. The use of government taxing and spending policy to smooth out the peaks and valleys off the business cycle was formally proposed in the 1930’s by which of the following? David Ricardo John Maynard Keynes Milton Friedman Frank Lloyd Wright Alan Greenspan 20. Development of the “long drive” from central Texas to the Kansas cattle towns was most directly related to the efforts of… Gustavus Swift John Chisholm Joseph G. McCoy James J. Hill Joseph Glidden 21. The extermination of the plains Indians was caused by all of the following except: transcontinental railroad disease Civil War US Army Buffalo hunters 22. The headright system was established in which two English colonies? Virginia and New York Maryland and Massachusetts Maryland and Virginia North Carolina and South Carolina None of the above 23. Louis Brandeis was known as the people’s lawyer because he: defended business interests at the expense of workers was appointed to the Supreme Court was the first Jewish Supreme Court justice because of dedication to defend the rights of ordinary people because he manifested interest in sociological evidence to protect women in Muller vs Oregon. 24. The Gullah people of coastal Carolina were significant because they… embodied African language and customs despite the dislocation they experienced were able to grow rice managed to avoid intermarriage with other peoples fought as a platoon in the Revolutionary War combined French and Indian languages to form a new language and culture 25. The American Revolution was a process that involved all of the following EXCEPT: a war of national liberation a struggle to determine who would rule in America a war of natural expansion a war of black liberation a war for religious liberation 26. The United States entered WW I for all of the following reasons EXCEPT: unlimited submarine warfare efforts to protect American loans to European countries and markets propaganda about the war coming primarily from the British news sources a perceived threat to US security, specifically in the Atlantic U.S. expansionist policy 27. Which situation caused the greatest controversy regarding the proper role the United States should play in world expansion? sending troops into the Dominican Republic to forestall European intervention the Annexation of Hawaii building the Panama Canal Annexation and subsequent war in the Philippines sent the fleet on a world tour 28. Hamilton believed that, together, his funding and assumption programs would: gain monetary & moral support of the wealthy class for the federal government restore the principles of state sovereignty be the quickest way to pay off the national debt guarantee the fairest treatment of the original holders of government bonds aid the election of Thomas Jefferson 29. During his Presidency, Teddy Roosevelt, did all of the following EXCEPT:
expand presidential power shaped the progressive movement was a poor judge of public opinion was a trust-buster was a strong conservationist 30. The movement during the Age of Reform which advocated that women’s sphere was in the home as guardians of piety and virtue influencing their husbands and children to live in a harsh economic world was known as: female moral reform society abolitionist movement cult of domesticity “Declaration of Sentiments” of Seneca Falls be friend Hester Prynne in the Scarlet Letter. 31. American Puritanism influenced colonial American philosophy and values with all of the following characteristics EXCEPT: democracy is a superior form of government people must use time wisely hardwork or industry bring success Moderation or temperance are needed in life and society Practical concerns must be pursued and luxuries ignored 32. All of the following are major concepts or principles were written into the Federal Constitution of 1787 EXCEPT: the creation of a republic the need to balance power with liberty institute a government with separation of powers create specific process for “judicial review” use direct or actual representation in the national legislature. 33. All of the following were a part of the compromise of 1850 EXCEPT: territories of Utah and New Mexico were open to slavery on the basis of popular sovereignty California was admitted to the union as a free state slave trade was outlawed in the District of Columbia the creation of a new Fugitive slave law Kansas and Nebraska were admitted as slave states. 34. In “Plessy vs Ferguson” the United States Supreme Court established which of the following: the concept of judicial review that the Constitution does not follow the flag the concept of separate but equal doctrine that school segregation in public schools is unconstitutional that the constitution protected contracts against state encroachment. 35. During the French and Indian War the British situation improved mainly as result of: William Pitt gaining control of the British government and concentrating the British Navy on North America. The Algonquin tribes actively aiding the British Army George Washington assuming command of all the American troops The Prussian invasion of France Iroquois wilderness fighting tactics were adopted by the British Regulars. 36. Bob Dylan, Jimmy Hendrix, and the Beattles were musicians during the 1960’ s who reflected these counter culture and political values EXCEPT: protests against the Vietnam War experimentation with psychedelic drugs rejecting middle class values sexual freedom calling for gay rights 37. “There is no right to strike against the public safety by anybody, anytime.” This quotation is associated with which of the following strikes? Boston police strike Homestead strike Haymarket Square Affair Railway strike of 1877 Seattle Shipyard Strike of 1919 38. Eisenhower’s “New Look” foreign policy was ALL EXCEPT: promised “more bang for the buck” relied heavily on nuclear weapons to deter Soviet aggression was designed to cut down military costs contributed to a policy of “brinkmanship” created the idea of détente with the Russians 39. The Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854 forbade slavery in the Kansas and Nebraska Territories put an end to the “bleeding Kansas” opened the territories to popular sovereignty invalidated the LeCompton Constitution discouraged open settlement 40. The Trent Affair was significant because it was a scandal which further undermined the Grant Administration Japan’s attack on a U.S. gunboat in China. it might have been used as a pretext for British intervention into the U.S. Civil War of the side of the Confederacy many Northerners saw it as evidence of a widespread southern conspiracy to gain territory south of the border in the Caribbean & Latin America. It demonstrated Wilson’s vigorous attempts to assert the freedom of the seas and keep the U.S. neutral 41. The Populist Movement hoped to aid unions in their struggles with management limit the number of states allowing women’s suffrage gain greater restrictions on immigration convince the federal government to allow the free coinage of silver unite industrialists and middle class farmers against unskilled workers 42. One of the results of the 2nd Great Awakening was that it tended to close the gap between the social classes. Conservative denominations were greatly influenced by revivalism Methods and Baptists gained most of their new members from the wealthy In the more prosperous denominations the numbers dropped rapidly It helped lead the splits between Northern and Southern members of the same church. 43. Which of the following writers did NOT win a Nobel Prize for literature? Ernest Hemingway F. Scott Fitzgerald William Faulkner Sinclair Lewis John Steinbeck 44. What event made Kennedy a national hero in 1962 due to the way in which people believed he successfully stood up to the Russians Berlin Blockade Berlin Wall Crisis Pueblo Incident Cuban Missile Crisis Gulf of Tonkin incident 45. The term “Rosie the Riveter” refers to: women who were employed in the wartime industries in WW I women who gained the right to work during the Cold War men who supported the ERA during the 1960’s women who were employed in defense plants during WWII women who gained the right to join the armed forces during Vietnam 46. Which of the following would have been most likely to support a Bank of the United States in 1836? Democrat Whig Republican Federalist Jacksonian 47. Which of the these writers is NOT connected to the transcendental movement? Ralph Waldo Emerson Nathaniel Hawthorne Henry David Thoreau Walt Whitman Margaret Fuller 48. All of the following were Progressive reforms between 1900-1960? anti-trust legislation increased voting rights for African Americans prohibition of alcohol reduced tariffs consumer protection 49. Which of the following LEAST supported states rights? Thomas Jefferson Alexander Hamilton Patrick Henry John C. Calhoun Andrew Jackson 50. Which of the following leaders was NOT part of the nationalist movement in the United States during the 1780’s? Alexander Hamilton Thomas Jefferson Samuel Adams Richard Henry Lee Thomas Paine 51. Which of the following was an important result of Bacon’s Rebellion in Virginia? House of Burgess increase of power More representation for western counties Restriction of settlement west of the Proclamation of 1763 line Stamp Act proposed by Parliament Government obtained more territorial lands from the Indians 52. All of the following are examples of expanding democracy in the English Colonies EXCEPT: Mayflower Compact Petition of rights House of Burgesses Fundamental Orders of Connecticut New England Town Meetings 53. Which of the following DID NOT occur during Theodore Roosevelt’s Administration? Northern Securities vs US Elkins Act Sinclair’ The Jungle Muller vs Oregon Payne-Aldrich Tariff 54. Which of the following amendments provided that suffrage should not be restricted because of “race, color, or previous condition of servitude”? First Twelfth Thirteenth Fourteenth Fifteenth 55. All of the following were promoted in Woodrow Wilson’s 14 Point Program EXCEPT: An end to secret treaties Freedom of the seas The right of imperialist countries to exploit their colonial claims The establishment of a League of Nations Autonomy for peoples of the Austrian and Ottoman Empires 56. The Cold War “thawed” because of all of the following EXCEPT: the U-2 incident Summit policy Salt negotiations Soviet-Chinese rift Nixon’s policies toward the U.S.S.R. and China 57. By the early 1900’s, the South saw a variety of new industrial developments to support its economy. Which was NOT new to southern industry? “Taylor-made” cigarette production Large scale iron and steel production Cash crop agriculture Textile manufacturing Petroleum production and investing 58. The Whiskey Rebellion galvanized the West to the Union by doing ALL BUT: bring new western states into the union proving the national government enforce its directives established the idea of using the ballot box to change the government rather than violence showing the national government had compassion for its citizens shifting the balance of power in the nation from the east to the west. 59. The business boom of the 1920’s included all of the following EXCEPT: the spread of electricity the growth in the steel and railroad industries new methods of advertising an increase in consumer debt development of real estate 60. The telephone “Hotline” connecting the US President and the Soviet Primer was installed as the result of: the Korean conflict the Cuban Missile Crisis the formation of the Warsaw Pact the Tet Offensive the attack at Ft. Sumter 61. The Great Awakening of 1730’s and 1740’s: came in response to a decline in religious piety encouraged secular higher education had few followers among the colonists contributed to religious unity and ended the number of new religious denominations 62. Senator Gerald Nye’s committee investigations in the 1930’s sought to prove: tariffs should be raised the United States should improve relations World War I had resulted from economic ties with the allies Pacifism was dangerous in a perilous world 63. Which of the following was NOT one of Hoover’s attempts to recover from the economic depression of 1929? Reconstruction Finance Corporation Federal Home Loan Act Federal Emergency Relief Act The First Hundred Days 64. Molly Pitcher’s heroics were associated with which war? French and Indian War Civil War Revolutionary War Civil War War of 1812 65. Which of the following authors wrote a book trying to convince the South that slavery was holding them back, economically, industrially, and educationally? John C. Calhoun John C. Breckenridge Robert E. Lee Charles Pinckney Hinton Rowan Helper 66. The colonial settlers who tried maintain peaceful relations with the Indians were the: Baptists Puritans Mormons Quakers Catholics 67. Which of the following works is INCORRECTLY matched with it author? A) Rachel Carson The Femine Mystic B) Upton Sinclair The Jungle C) Frank Norris The Octopus D) William Whyte The Organization Man E) John Kenneth Galbraith The Affluent Society 68. Which of the following parties divided the Republican Party in the election of 1912? Prohibition Socialist Labor Populist Progressive 69. Which of these was the best example of a progressive president? Calvin Coolidge William McKinley Warren G. Harding Woodrow Wilson William H. Taft 70. “The forgotten war” is a sobriquet often used by writers to describe the Vietnam War the Spanish American War Persian Gulf War Korean War World War I 71. Which of the following statements best describes Abraham Lincoln’s views on slavery in 1863? All men are created equal and endowed by their creator with certain unalienable rights. Slaver is a necessary evil The government cannot continue to be half slave and half free Peaceful coexistence between free blacks and white Americans is both desirable and possible. Only those slaves willing to return to Africa should be emancipated. 72. In the late 1890’s, all of the following EXCEPT_______became possessions of the United States. Hawaii Guam Philippines Puerto Rico Cuba 73. Which of the following was NOT an event contributing to sectional strife? Kansas-Nebraska Act Dred Scott Decision The introduction of the Wilmot Proviso Publication of Uncle Tom’s Cabin John Brown’s raid Harper’s Ferry 74. Woodrow Wilson’s Fourteen Points for Peace included ALL EXCEPT: freedom of the seas abandonment of secret treaties establishment of league of nations impartial mediation of colonial claims a permanent ban on chemical warfare agents 75. All of the following came out of the 1920’s Black America EXCEPT: the Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters the United Negro Improvement Association the Black Panther Party Duke Ellington and the Cotton Club Langston Hughes & the Harlem Renaissance 76. According to the decisions of the US Supreme Court, under John Marshall, 1823-1832, Native Americans were: not subject to the authority of the states not subject to the authority of the federal government given larger areas of land denied property rights permanently moved westward 77. Which of the following critics of the Franklin Roosevelt Administration is incorrectly mismatched? Huey Long – Share-our-wealth Plan Charles Lindbergh – American First Committee Father Coughlin – Free the banks Dr. Francis Townshend – Federal Pension for the Elderly Norman Thomas – Socialist Party 78. All of the following provided impetus to form a document which incorporated greater power for the central government EXCEPT: Lack of the taxing power Failure to establish land settlement patterns Shay’s Rebellion Jay-Gordoqui Treaty Newburgh Conspiracy 79. America’s entry into the Spanish-American War was the result of… the missionary goal of Josiah Strong Spencer’s advocacy of Social Darwinism The sinking of the Maine The yellow journalism of Hearst & Pulitzer All of the above are correct. 80. In the late 1800’s which of the following would have been the least in favor of imperialism? Alfred T. Mahan Theodore Roosevelt William McKinley Grover Cleveland Josiah Strong 81. Which of the following did not provide a philosohical foundation for the Declaration of Independence? Magna Carta Mayflower Compact Virginia and Kentucky Resolves Two Treasties On Civil Government English Bill of Rights 82. President Johnson fought the War in Vietnam until 1968 by deficit spending by asking Americans for higher taxes by imposing wage and price controls to control inflation by cutting the Great Society domestic programs by punishing draft dodgers 83. During Harry Truman’s Presidency “containment” policies successfully prevented communism from spreading across Asia. New Deal programs expanded dramatically The U.S. maintained its monopoly on atomic weapons Modest gains in African American rights occurred American, French, and British forces unsuccessfully defended West Berlin 84. The Social Gospel was: a fundamentalist religious movement a protestant movement that stressed social reforms a Catholic reform movement a women’s movement that stressed prohibition a missionary movement, bringing unbelievers to Christ 85. All of the following were significant achievements of Theodore Roosevelt EXCEPT: Passage of the Pure Food and Drug legislation Creation of the Federal Trade Commission Passage of strong federal railroad legislation Intervention in a major national labor strike Increased enforcement of the Sherman Antitrust Act 86. As a result of the War of 1812 the Federalist Party enjoyed increased political popularity deep sectional divisions occurred immediately after the Treat of Ghent the U.S. grained significant tracts of land in southeastern Canada an industrial revolution began in the American South American grew less concerned about foreign threats to its borders 87. During the early twentieth century, Jane Addams wrote about her thoughts and experiences in the Progressive Era in book History of the Standard Oil Company How the Other Half Lives Looking Backward The Jungle Directory: cms -> lib04 lib04 -> Hurricane Research Project Name: Hurricane: Dates of your storm: Part I lib04 -> Neptune high school lib04 -> [3rd Grade Writing Scope and Sequence] lib04 -> Special Events Date lib04 -> Lovett Elementary’s 2014-2015 Accelerated Reader Policy lib04 -> Strategies for Enhancement and Intervention Differentiation of Instruction lib04 -> W. C. Handy composed the blues classic "St. Louis Woman" lib04 -> Chapter summary lib04 -> In 1890 what device did the us census use to tabulate the Census? What company built it and how did it work? lib04 -> Luke: the brain Danielle: she never stands up for herself Anna Download 0.99 Mb. Share with your friends:
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