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74 well as group differences. It is about creating a culture and practices that recognize, respect and value difference. Diversity calls for connecting this potential to create a productive environment in which the equally diverse needs of the customer or client can be met in a creative environment. It is about generating a workforce that feels valued and respected and has its potential fully utilized in order to meet organizational goals. Diversity is not an initiative or a project but it is an ongoing core aim and a core process. Diversity refers to variety along many dimensions such as race, ethnicity, gender, socioeconomic status, physical features, religious beliefs, marriage systems and political ideologies. Such diversity has to be managed through understanding, acceptance and respect for each other’s beliefs and behavior. Diversity Management" is the ongoing process of incorporating the recognition of workforce and customer differences into all core business management functions, communications, processes and services to create a fair, harmonious, inclusive, creative and effective organisation. Diversity management i) Encourages inclusion, participation and the full contribution of all staff to the goals of the enterprise ii) actively looks for and capitalises on the benefits of having a diverse workforce and iii) Ensures compliance with legal obligations such as safety and equal employment opportunities.

2.11.5 Ethical Reawakening
Ethics deals with human actions. Ethics is concerned with what constitutes right and wrong human conduct, including actions and values, in light of a specific set of circumstances. Business ethics address these issues in the context of commerce and organizational conduct. Ethics not only should be studied alongside management, but the two fields are closely related. Business management is all about making the right decisions. Ethics is all about making the right decisions. So what is the difference between the two Management is concerned with how decisions affect the company, while ethics is concerned about how decisions affect everything. Management operates in the specialized context of the firm, while ethics operates in the general context of the world. Management is therefore part of ethics. A business manager cannot make the right decisions without understanding management in particular as well as ethics in general. Business ethics is management carried out in the real world. This is why business managers should study ethics. Ethics can be considered as philosophy, philosophical thinking about morality, moral problems and moral judgements. Ethics can also be defined as a study of what is good or

75 right for human beings, what goals people ought to pursue and what actions they ought to perform. We are guided by our sense of morality based on a combination of beliefs and values, stemming from individual and societal ideologies along with the various eastern and western religious cultures. All managers need to be aware that while they maybe employed by an organization as its representative or decision maker, they bring with them entities people, not organizations, make decisions. Organizations exist within society and as such should be bound by the expectations and moral codes of that society and contribute to its betterment as well as furthering its own interests. Human behaviour derives from discernible causes or motives that can be identified, acknowledged, and modified. Managers must consciously recognize the influence of underlying motivation in themselves and others. Some basic motives for stepping over the line between ethical and unethical conduct include fear of losing one’s job, pressures from time and superiors to produce results, ambition to excel and advance one’s career, revenge fora perceived wrong, and a tendency to ignore the consequences of one’s actions.

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