Gasoline inboard and sterndrive marine engines are automobile (or truck) engines adapted for use in boats. They are typically cast-iron four-stroke engines. The engine-out emissions characteristics of inboard and sterndrive marine engines are essentially the same as automobile engines (non-catalytic converter equipped). They have relatively high emissions.
In this report we refer to the engine marinizers as “engine manufacturers” because they are responsible for the final engine configuration which is installed in the boat. The marinizers receive the engines from a supplier, such as General Motors, and modify them for use in boats. A list of the major players in the different facets of the boat-building process is given in Table 1. The marinization process typically involves adding a raw-water cooling system, water-cooled and wetted exhaust system, leak-resistant fuel lines, corrosion-resistant and spark-resistant starter, alternator, and fuel pump. For carbureted and throttle-body fuel-injected engines, the engine manufacturers add an intake manifold and a carburetor or throttle-body. The engine manufacturers add an engine control module (on-board computer) to accommodate a marine air-fuel calibration. The marine versions of the automotive engines can also have a different camshaft and more corrosion-resistant head gaskets. A further description of the two main unique characteristics of a marinized engine, its exhaust system and its calibration/operating conditions, is provided below.