Alliances grounded in historical traditions



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  1. Reform movements seeking government intervention to alleviate problems associated with rural life

  2. Feminist movements seeking improvements in the legal, economic and political rights of women.

  3. Organized socialist movements focused on female involvement in the worker’s revolution.

  4. Mainstream political party programs speaking to the needs of their constituents.

35. The passage is particularly focused on improving women’s legal rights as demonstrated in which of the following lines

  1. “if chastity had not been imposted on the woman for the sake of virtue”

  2. If you allowed her to have the same education, the same occupations and professions

  3. This infamy blights the human race and testifies against the social order much more than the crime

  4. Expose her to all of the misuses of force, through despotic paternal power and the indissolubility of marriage

“The policy of colonial expansion is a political and economic system…that can be connected to three sets of ideas: economic ideas; the most far-reaching ideas of civilization; and ideas of a political and patriotic sort.

In the area of economics, I am placing before you…the considerations that justify the policy of colonial expansion, as seen from the perspective of a need, felt more urgently by the industrialized population of Europe and especially the people of…France: the need for outlets [that is, for exports]….

We must say openly…the higher races have a right over the lower races….

I repeat, that the superior races…have the duty to civilize the inferior races….”


Jules Ferry, Speech before the French Chamber of Deputies, 1884


  1. What distinguished imperialism in the late nineteenth century from historical patterns of colonization dating back to the fifteenth century?




a.

Europeans justified imperialism through an ideology of cultural and religious superiority.

b.

European national rivalries and strategic concerns fostered competition for colonies.

c.

The search for raw materials and markets for manufactured goods drove Europeans to colonize.

d.

Imperial encounters with non-European peoples influenced the styles and subject matter of artists and writers.


  1. Which of the following was an unintended consequence of the process that Ferry advocated for in this excerpt?




a.

Non-Europeans began to challenge European imperialism through nationalist movements.

b.

Imperialism generated wars among rival European nations.

c.

Europeans justified imperialism through an ideology of cultural and racial superiority.

d.

The League of Nations distributed former German and Ottoman possessions to France and Great Britain through the mandate system.




  1. Which of the following was least significant in facilitating the process supported by Ferry?




a.

Advances in medicine supported European control of Africa and Asia by saving European lives.

b.

Communication and transportation technologies allowed for the creation of European empires.

c.

Diplomatic tensions among European states strained alliance systems.

d.

The development of advanced weaponry ensured the military superiority of Europeans over colonized areas.

The following 2 questions refer to the image below.

“The Rhodes Colossus: Striding from Cape Town to Cairo.”

Caricature of Cecil John Rhodes in Punch magazine, December 10, 1892.


  1. Which of the following best describes the motivation reflected in the political cartoon above?




a.

the search for raw materials and markets for manufactured goods

b.

strategic and nationalist considerations

c.

direct access to gold and spices

d.

the spread of the Christian faith and countering Islam


  1. Which of the following pieces of evidence best illustrates a late nineteenth-century effect of the actions shown in the cartoon above?




a.

Non-Europeans led successful nationalist uprisings, which led to independence for most before 1945.

b.

Extreme nationalist parties in Europe rose to prominence and focused on anti-immigration policies.

c.

Diplomatic tensions and competition among European states strained the alliance system.

d.

The exchange of goods shifted the center of economic power in Europe from the Mediterranean to the Atlantic states.



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