An Seanchas Synopsis


So Cichol may mean of the Aegean Cyclades islands or Amazons via “of the lopping” or “of the breast”



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So Cichol may mean of the Aegean Cyclades islands or Amazons via “of the lopping” or “of the breast”

They may be 800 in number, including his mother.


See LGE v3 p 73 XXXIII genealogy of Cichol mother from Caucasus.

Cichol and Cichlo- do not seem related, although his mother with her face in her breast may indicate otherwise. Is Cichloscthe ‘bosom of the Scyths”, “glens of the Scyths” or “lopped breasts”?


Cichloscthe at Caucasian Albania, Book of Leinster part 7 (geography):

is Albán co ngairge gné and Albania who fierce appearance


& tír na Cíchloscthe. Colochi gelban dosfuil. and land of the bosomScyths. Colchis white-woman is/coming
etarru is in Cimermuir; between and to the Cimmerian Sea (sea of Azov?)
in Muir Chimerda condric. To the Sea of the Chimmerians meets.

Albania, Cichloscthe (bosom of/breast/lopped Scythians?), Colchis, Cimmerian Sea… means the Amazons.


[chimaera=mountain in Lycia]

Alestris .i. rigan na cíchloiscthi `der Amazonen '. Alestris the queen of the heartland-Sycths ‘the Amazons’

hi tír Amazonum .i. lasna cíchloiscthi. The land of the Amazons that is touching the Scythian bosom.

tré thír na gCíochloisceach da ngairthear Amazones. Through/then land of the glens of the near/hill -lands Amazons



cossair ócríg .i. biim for comdergud fri ríg = couch/bed/throwing-together warrior-king/fawns, that is, there is where sharing with kingship, which would seem to mean “bed of the queen, where royalty is shared”.


Map: The plains of Partholon, Sligo




Death of Partholón at Mag Edar of plague with 5000 men and 4000 women of a week’s plague on a Monday the kalends of May except Tuan son of Starn son of Sera nephew of Partholón.


Plague 30 years after Concheind/Cynicephali (Dog Head) R3 187 this refers to the plague not the mountains in SE Thessaly
2911 BC Dramatic climatic event causes two-year pine stunting worldwide that is severe in Ireland but does not effect oaks [then not a dry year event]
2800-2100 BC major Mediterranean disruptions.
2750 BC A temple and trade emporium is founded at Tyre, protected from land assault by steep valleys and gorges, by seagoing colonists from the shores of the Erythraean Sea.
2700 BC Old Kingdom of Egypt age of pyramid-building begin. In Mesopotamia proto-urban Sumerian city states begin to emerge. Semitic Akkadian kingdom forms on its northern borders. Ponderous block-wheeled wagons appear almost simultaneously in Mespotamia, the Trans-Caucasus and on the steppes, where metal also appears. In Sumeria wagons are drawn by teams of four oxen or onagers, and large bowl-shaped coracles carry bulky, heavy cargoes across and down its rivers. Phoenician tradition records their ancestors leaving the Indian Ocean coast (thought to mean Aden) and colonizing Tyre on the Lebanese coast.
BOX: The antiquity of Mesopotamian civilization was recognized by Jerome, who according to Bede wrote that the Chaldeans took their origin from Arpachshad, the first person born after the Flood. Heber, the namesake of the Hebrews, was his grandson.
Illustration. The Coracle is a round boat built from hides stretched over a wicker-work frame.
2650 BC The Old Kingdom of Egypt begins with the Third Dynasty. The step pyramid of Zoser is built. A fleet of forty wooden ships sails from Lebanon to the Nile Delta. In North Africa, drier conditions favor nomadic cattle herding. The Berber Tjehenu of the Sahara are depicted by the Egyptians as fair-haired, light-skinned, blue-eyed Caucasoids. Circular kurgan mound burials appear on the steppes.

Domesticated horses appear southeast of the Caspian Sea.


c2520 BC Ur-Naushe establishes the First Dynasty of Lagash (middle chronology, 80 y error possible).
2500 BC Dramatic world-wide climate change slows. The Atlantic and Mediterranean climates are warmer and drier. ‘Battle-axe’ and Western Mediterranean pastoral cultures overlap along an Alpine line from the Balkans west and evaporate into a less defined

Atlantic cultural community. Wooly sheep and textile technology arrive in the west and There are more than 1,200 megalithic cairns in Ireland, more than there are in all of Britain

woven wool kilt and cloak costume are adopted. The period of megalith tomb building ends in western Europe. Rectangular plank-walled shelters of Central European origin are replaced by smaller circular constructions. In Britain farmers have cleared most of the original woodlands but Ireland remains largely covered by unbroken forests.

The fertility of many Boyne river valley fields has been exhausted. The small Irish Neolithic economy is shifting towards herding small black cattle, pigs, sheep and goats. The horse is imported to Ireland. Stockmen begin to enclose sizeable pastures with stones cleared from the soil. The cattle herders enjoy surpluses beyond their needs. Their diets are augmented by barley and wheat cultivated in modest quantities.



The rugged Connemara pony is thought to be descended from the original equines carried to Ireland.

BOX: The Irish metal industry emerges about 2,500 BC, fully-developed. The rich copper veins of southwestern Ireland include high arsenic ores. Irish metallurgists blend ores to produce consistent 7-12% arsenic castings, the range that produces the hardest edge without becoming brittle.


Polished Antrim greenstone and Tievebulliagh porcellanite axeheads are common in the archaeological record, along with scrapers and leaf and lozenge-shaped arrowheads. At Ross Island, Killarney metal prospectors have worked off the readily-dislodged and simple-to-process gossans of copper veins and have begun to mine the denser sulfide ores below. The denser ore must be thermally fractured, broken away with stone wedges, pulverized with mauls and then roasted to remove the sulfur before it can be smelted to useable copper. Although it produces tools as durable as the bell metal of the gossans, it requires much more labor and resources in its production.
BOX: Metallurgists learn to release copper locked up in sulfide ores by roasting the ore an open fire to release the sulfur before smelting the ore in a closed kiln. Arsenic deoxidizes copper. Arsenical coppers produce denser, less porous castings. Final shaping by hammering anneals arsenical copper, making it twice as hard as pure copper. Practical metal tools become possible for the first time. Arsenical copper blades can be razor-sharpened, hold an edge, don’t shatter like stone and are readily re-sharpened. For the first time, metal cutting and shaping tools are an improvement over stone-age technology.

Map of Indian Ocean /Red Sea shoreline

S-profile thin-walled Beaker pottery appears north of Dublin, while the earliest metalworking ensues in the copper-rich southwest. Cup-and-ring stone markings appear in Ireland, and along the Atlantic seaboard.


The heavy, solid wood block wheel spreads throughout western Asia. Fifth Dynasty Egyptian boatwrights import cedar from Byblos in Lebanon to build fleets of sea-going wooden ships sixty to a hundred and sixty feet long. Urban cultures develop in northern Syria and the southern Levant. In Mesopotamia bronze is cast into exquisite art forms, including life-size statues. Gold, silver, lead and arsenical copper goods from the Caucasus are traded to the Fertile Cresent. Fabric dyeing is pioneered in the Caucasus. Caucasian metal forms are adopted in the Carpathian mountains, where arsenical copper shaft-hole battle axes are cast in sophisticated two-piece molds. Metal prospecting extends westward. European Alpine and Sub-alpine sulfide copper ores begin to be exploited.
Battle-axe and Western Mediterranean Beaker pastoralists meet along an Alpine line and penetrate into Atlantic Europe. The bow-and-arrow and copper dagger weilding Mediterraneans colonize Spain and trade to the Pyrenees. The Danube links the Balkans, the Hungarian plain and the Austrian Alps to the Black Sea and the Rine-Meuse delta. Along the Indus river, the Harappan culture emerges, herding cattle.
Palermo Stone…dating to the 5th Dynasty, we know that the size of some ships reached a staggering 100 cubits long –over 50 meters…The same source speaks of ships 40 and 60 cubits long. Evans
The "Khufu ship", a 43.6 m long vessel sealed into a pit in the Giza pyramid complex at the foot of the Great Pyramid of Giza in the Fourth Dynasty around 2,500 BC, is a full-size surviving example which may have fulfilled the symbolic function of a solar barque. The ships of the Eighteenth Dynasty were typically about 25 meters (80 ft) in length, and had a single mast, sometimes consisting of two poles lashed together at the top making an "A" shape. They mounted a single square sail on a yard, with an additional spar along the bottom of the sail. These ships could also be oar propelled.

The ships of Phoenicia seems to have been of a similar design. The Greeks and probably others introduced the use of multiple banks of oars for additional speed, and the ships were of a light construction, for speed and so they could be carried ashore.

Viking longships developed from an alternate tradition of clinker-built hulls fastened with leather thongs.



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