Ap human Geography Chapter 11, Industry Introduction



Download 56.45 Kb.
Date03.03.2018
Size56.45 Kb.
#42342



AP Human Geography

Chapter 11, Industry
Introduction
1. Describe the changes in geographic location of Huffy bicycle production from the 1950s to today.

2. Why is the changing geography of manufacturing ultimately a consequence of consumer demand? Give an example.



Case Study / Maquiladoras in Mexico
3. What is a maquiladora, and what role does geography play in their location?

4. How many maquiladoras are there in Mexico, and how many people do they employ?



Introduction Continued

5. How does manufacturing create value?


6. What three aspects help determine the geography of industrial location?


7. Why are connections important for determining the geography of industries? What are the two main concerns with regard to connections?

8. Describe the changing geography of industrial location from a generation ago to today.

9. Why are manufacturing jobs considered so critical for economic health of a country or region? What countries/regions have lost considerable manufacturing jobs in the last decade?


10. How do trans-national-corporations (TNCs) use globalization to their advantage with respect to industrial location decisions? What comparative advantages do LDCs have over MDCs?

Key Issue I

Where is Industry Distributed?
11. Define the Industrial Revolution, and what was the geography of industry prior to this transformation?

12. Why is the term Industrial Revolution misleading?

13. What was at the root of the Industrial Revolution, and beyond industrial changes, what were some other results?

Figure 11-2/11-3

14. Synthesize the two maps. What conclusions can you draw?


15. What two transportation innovations help diffuse the Industrial Revolution?


Western Europe: United Kingdom

16. What industries did the UK dominate in the 19th century? How did this early industrial expansion become a liability by the late 20th century? What steps did the UK take to become industrially competitive again?



Rhine-Ruhr Valley

17. Why is the Rhine-Ruhr Valley Europe’s most important industrial area?


18. Even though the Mid-Rhine lacks important natural resources, why is it the second most important industrial region in Europe?




Northern Italy

19. What two key assets does the Po Basin have with respect to industrial production?

How does this impact Italy’s distribution of wealth?

Eastern Europe

Complete the chart by identifying each regions industrial strength/asset



Central




St. Petersburg




Volga




Ural




Kuznetsk




Eastern




Silesia




North America’s Industrial Areas
21. When and where did the first textile mill open in the United States? Where did industry generally tend to locate in North America?

22. How did transportation impact the geography of industry during the 1800s?

23. Fill in the chart with appropriate information.


Region

Major Cities

Characteristics

New England









Middle Atlantic









Mohawk Valley









Pittsburgh-

Lake Erie









Western

Great Lakes









Canada’s

Industrial

Area








East Asia’s Industrial Areas
24. What are East Asia’s advantages and disadvantages with respect to industrial output?

25. Describe the geographic locations of industrial clusters in East Asia.

26. Describe in detail how Japan became a world leader in industrial production after WWII. How did they reinvent themselves given the recent competition from South Korea and Taiwan?


Key Issue II.

Why Do Industries Have Different Distributions?
27. What are the two basic situational factors important for industrial location?


Proximity to Inputs
28. What is a bulk-reducing industry, and where do they prefer to locate?
Copper: A Bulk-Reducing Industry
29. Describe why copper is the classic bulk-reducing industry.
Steel: Changing Importance of Inputs
30. What are the two principle inputs for making steel, and how has this influenced the location of steel mills in the United States?

31. Fill in the chart for the changing location of steel production.




Era

Location(s)

Reason(s)

Mid 19th century








Late 19th century








Early 20th century








Mid 20th century





Late 20th century






Proximity to Markets

Bulk-Gaining Industries
32. What is the definition of a bulk-gaining industry, and why do they locate close to the consumer?


Fabricated Metals

33. What is the connection between fabricated metals operations and location of auto assembly plants?

34. What is “auto alley”, and why are the majority of auto factories located between Michigan and Alabama?

Contemporary Geographic Tools

Selecting a Site for Saturn
35. Fill in the appropriate information for each column. In other words, list and explain the situational and site factors Honda considered when deciding on a new location for an assembly plant.


Situational Factors

Site Factors






Beverage Production Figure 11-11
36. Why are beverages a bulk-gaining industry, and how does this help explain the distribution of major breweries in Figure 11-11?


Single-Market Manufacturers

37. What is “just-in-time” delivery, and how does this influence location of auto parts manufacturing?




Perishable Products

38. Describe a few perishable products that locate near consumers. What can a producer of a perishable product do if they want to expand their market?




Ship, Rail, Truck, or Air?
39. Fill in the chart with the cost characteristics for each form of transportation.


Type

Characteristics

Ships





Trains





Trucks





Air




40. How and why do air-freight companies mix modes of transportation? (explain Break of Bulk concept)



Site Factors

41. What are the three Site Factors?



Labor

42. Describe the cost of labor from a global perspective.




Labor Intensive Industries

43.What is the difference between a labor-intensive industry vs. a high wage industry?




Textiles: Labor-Intensive

44. Fill in the appropriate information regarding the textile industry.








Geography

Characteristics

Textile and Apparel Spinning







Textile and Apparel Weaving








Textile and Apparel Assembly







Land

45.What considerations must be made when choosing land area for different industries?


Capital

50.Why is the availability of capital so important for industrial expansion and growth? Give examples.


Key Issue III: Where is Industry Expanding?

Changing Distribution Within MDCs
51. What are the intraregional location shifts?

52.What are the interregional location shifts?




Intraregional Shift in Manufacturing

53. What site factors contributed to the change in location?

54. Where are you most likely to find manufacturing plants in the U.S?

Interregional Shifts in Manufacturing

55. What factors contributed to helping the South industrialize?



Right-To-Work Laws
56. How have right-to-work laws helped the South gain more manufacturing jobs?

Where in the South do factories tend to locate?


New Industrial Regions

57.Describe how the geography of industrial workers has changed since 1970.

58. Fill in some important details for each region regarding industrial development.


Asia





Latin America





“Central Europe”







Key Issue IV: Why Are Location Factors Changing?

59. Explain industrial location changes in the United States as it pertains to “Low Cost Labor”.




Outsourcing

60. What is the new international division of labor and how does this influence outsourcing?


61. What is the difference between vertical integration and outsourcing?



Renewed Attraction of Traditional Industrial Regions

Proximity to Skilled Labor

62. What is the Fordist approach?

63.What is the definition of post-Fordist lean production?

64. Describe how Toyota’s lean production works?



Just-in-Time Delivery
65. Fill in the chart for the advantages and disadvantages for Just-in-Time Delivery.

Advantages

Disadvantages







Download 56.45 Kb.

Share with your friends:




The database is protected by copyright ©ininet.org 2024
send message

    Main page