Armament research, development and engineering center
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Phase I: Develop an approach for determining RTCA of weapons engagement simulations while providing high level resolution of aspect angle and location of hit on target. Of particular interest are approaches which utilize the new and emerging capabilities of next generation fire control Systems for reconnaissance, surveillance, and target acquisition. Phase II: Design, model and implement the approach developed in Phase in sufficient detail to demonstrate feasibility of concept. A91-250 TITLE: Adverse Physical Factors Related to Simulators CATEGORY: Basic Research OBJECTIVE: To determine the causal factors (if any) of simulator induced sickness associated with fixed platforms. DESCRIPTION: Simulator induced sickness (e.g., dizziness, nausea, disorientation) appears to be coming an increasing problem with simulators, both fixed and motion platforms, and the Army is looking toward simulators as cost effective future training devices vs. the tactical weapon. Simulator induced sickness may be a factor in reduced training effectiveness as well as negative training. Phase I: Develop a study which would isolate the causes of simulator induced sickness associated with stationary platforms. A wide range of subjects should be considered varying from the new recruit to the veteran soldier. Visual, auditory, and tactical fidelity should be considered. Phase II: Conduct a pilot study based on the results of the study in Phase 1. A91-251 TITLE: Manpower and Personnel Integration (MANPRINT) for Assessment Issues CATEGORY: Exploratory Development OBJECTIVE: Identify key domain variables and their relationships which should be routinely considered when conducting assessments for training devices. DESCRIPTION: MANPRINT is the process of integrating human factors engineering, manpower, personnel, training, health hazards, and System safety (domains) throughout the materiel development and acquisition process. There are variables within and among those domains which are more important, than others in forming a well designed training device when trading off personnel selection, training, and equipment factors. AR602-2 and other Army guidance on MANPRINT requires gathering this type of information which is very difficult to do without some automated Systematic method/job aid. Phase I: Examine relationships between MANPRINT domain variables common to all training devices and devise a strategy for determining the most important ones. Propose a conceptual automated methodology/job aid, embodying that strategy, for analyzing and portraying key variable relationships on a Mackintosh SE/II personal computer. Phase II: Acquire and analyze data for representative training devices either under or having completed acquisition by PM TRADE with the objective of demonstrating the fully developed automated methodology/job aid originally proposed as a concept in Phase I. Beta test the computerized methodology. A91-252 TITLE: Weapons Training Instrumentation CATEGORY: Exploratory Development OBJECTIVE: To develop innovative non-intrusive techniques/procedures for monitoring, measuring, and analyzing soldier/crew-weapon interactions and performance. DESCRIPTION: Even though there are ever increasing numbers of sophisticated and high technology 1 weaponry being fielded in the Army, the role of the Infantry and its set of classical individual and crew served weapons will continue to play both a crucial and fundamental role. Individual and crew weapon straining when conducted with a qualified instructor usually produces the desired performance results. Unfortunately, these skills are quite perishable and the availability and quantities of qualified instructors are limited. It is conjectured this problem could be addressed effectively if a non-intrusive embeddable instrumentation/analysis System were available for monitoring; analyzing appropriate soldier/crew weapon interactions. Phase I: Develop non-intrusive embeddable monitoring, measuring and analysis approaches for soldier/crew-weapon interactions during both live fire and/or force-on-force engagement simulations exercises. Particular emphasis should be placed on training variables such as sight picture, weapon spatial orientation at time of fire, and the pattern of physical interactions between the soldier/crew- p ' weapon. Phase II: Design, model, and implement the approach developed in Phase in sufficient detail to demonstrate feasibility of concept. A91-253 TITLE: Indirect Fire Weapon Simulation CATEGORY: Exploratory Development OBJECTIVE: Develop safe audiovisual cues for indirect fire engagement simulation. DESCRIPTION: Combined arms maneuver training as conducted at the Army's National Training Center is the finest available in the world. The multiple integrated laser engagement System (MILES) provides a safe technological means for emulating the operation and effects of weapons through a sophisticated transmission and detection pairing System which is keyed to weapon aiming and trigger actuation in the context of engaging a target (detection System). Due to the basic nature of laser transmissions (line of sight) the effects of training cues for indirect fire weapons have not been totally successfully integrated into the force-on-force engagement simulated battle. A new approach or a combination of approaches which are MILES compatible and thrusted at indirect fire weapons issue is needed. The Army currently has a pyrotechnic based audiovisual cue System which is vehicle mounted or prepositioned. This is considered to be only a partial solution. New efforts should be directed at approach(es) that do not rely on vehicle or prepositioned unit locations for indirect fire audiovisual cues. Phase I: Develop approach(es) to provide safe audiovisual cues of inbound and impact noise, concussion and debris, flash (night visible), smoke and dust, of indirect fire weapons. Proposed concept(s) should permit direct interaction of the fire support team and the implementation of the indirect fires and the need for real time operation. Phase II: Design, model and implement approach(es) developed in Phase in sufficient detail to demonstrate feasibility of concept. A91-254 TITLE: Simulator Networking CATEGORY: Exploratory Development OBJECTIVE: Develop approaches for interconnecting existing simulators with future distributed real time networked simulator environments. DESCRIPTION: SIMNET, a Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) sponsored project, demonstrated the viability of networked simulators interacting within a common database. Specifications affecting System topology, communication protocols, and data/knowledge bases have been developed and will be utilized to characterize new networked simulation requirements. The cost of new networked simulator acquisitions would be reduced if existing fielded simulators could be efficiently integrated into the networked simulator schema. Phase I: Develop approaches for interconnecting existing simulators which generally will have different technical characteristics and levels of training fidelity rather than future networked simulators. Phase II: Design, model and simulate the approach developed in Phase in sufficient detail to demonstrate the feasibility of the concept. A91-255 TITLE: Analytical Augmentation of Player Units in a Distributed Simulation Environment CATEGORY: Exploratory Development OBJECTIVE: To provide to the commander and his staff a realistic (mathematical) representation of large unmanned forces that interact on the simulated battlefield with a level of realism similar to that .of manned simulations. DESCRIPTION: The effective use of Simulator Networking as a distributed real time training environment requires large numbers of units to be realistically represented. Realism of performance is + not an issue when all simulated units (friend and foe) are manned but that approach is considered impractical for C large scale force-on-force training exercises. The apparent solution to this problem is the development of the capability to simulate (model) the behavior of selected units along with capability to organize and control these units. Ideally, neither the manned simulator players nor some neutral observer could distinguish between the actions of manned and modeled units. Phase I: Develop approach(es) for simulating (modeling) large unmanned forces that interact with manned components with a level of realism similar to manned simulators. Models should not only capture the operational characteristics of units but must also characterize the salient behaviors of the crews (e.g., route following, obstacle avoidance, use of terrain for cover and concealment, maintaining and changing formations, target detection and acquisition, and rules of engagement). Phase II: Design, model, and implement approach(es) developed in Phase I in sufficient detail to demonstrate feasibility of concept. 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