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Perceive: to have or come to have knowledge of (something) through one of the senses (esp sight or through the mind) (‘dekhna’; ‘samjhna’; árth lagana’; ‘mahsoos karna)
You perceive = (become conscious of) something that already exists.
You conceive= (form in the mind) a completely new idea
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Sabotage: intentional damage, usu carried out secretly, to machines, buildings, etc; to weaken a business of a country (saboteur = a person who practices sabotage. (‘tod fod karna’;’vidhwans karna’)
The Muslims who were killed in Gujarat were not Pakistani saboteurs.
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Eke out”[eked; eking] to cause (a small supply to last longer), eke out a living : to make just enough money to live. (‘nirwah karna’)
Most of them were poor people trying to eke out their already miserable lives.
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Miserable: very unhappy; very poor (átyant dukhi’; ‘daridra’)
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Insinuate: [ated; ating] to suggest (something unpleasant) by ones behavior or questions.(íshara karna’; çhalaki bhara sanket ‘; ‘dheere dheere uksana’)
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Exacerbate: [ated; ating] fml to make worse (pain; disease, problems, etc) exacerbation(‘bigad dena’; ‘badha dena’)
He is insinuating that there was a terrorist conspiracy behind the whole incident and that the media, instead of showing up that conspiracy, choose to exacerbate the violence by running inflammatory visuals showing homes being set on fire, people being terrorized.
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Bigot: (derog) a person who thinks unreasonably that other opinions and beliefs than his own are wrong, esp on religion, race or politics-bigoted. (‘kattar’; ‘hathdharmi’)
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Condone: [doned, -doning] to forgive (wrong behavior); treat (a wrong action) as harmless. (‘maaf karna’; ‘dhyan na dena’)
It will be an absolute stupid to say that the riots can be condoned because of the people of Gujarat were upset by what happened on the Sabarmati express.
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Radicals: (of changes) thorough and complete; (of a person or his opinions) in favor of thorough and complete political change; a person who wishes to make rapid anf thorough social and political changes. (‘purna’; ‘vilakshan’; ‘mul/maulik’; átiwaadi’; úgra sudharwaadi’)
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Stoke: [stoked; stoking] to fill (an enclosed fire) with materials (fuel) which is burned to give heat, power etc. (áur badhana’; ‘bhatti me koyala jhokna’)
In fact, you will only end up stoking terrorism this way because you lend credence to those who are trying to convince the community that their only salvation lies in taking up the Gun.
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Scot-free: infml without harm or punishment (‘bina saja ke’; ‘sahi salamat)
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Patronage: the act of providing approval and support (‘vritti dene ka adhikaar’; ‘sanrakshan’)
It is a conspiracy (‘shadyantra’; ‘saazish’) of silence between those who are in power and those who are desperate to grab (‘jhapatna’) it. In the process (‘prakriya’) the guilty men of Godhra will go scot free. So will those who stage managed the riots under some political patronage.
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Blot: (‘dhabba’)
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Jeopardy: danger
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Whore: prostitute
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Prima facie: first view, first impression; by the first look of things (‘pratham drishtya’)
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Syndicate: a group of firms or people combined together for a particular purpose, usu business (‘vyavsaaye sangh’)
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Cult: (the group of people believing a particular system of religious worship, principle, fashion, etc (‘panth’; ‘sanak’)
In 1969, Indira Gandhi asserted her independence from the syndicate that controlled the congress by secretly backing an independent candidate, V.V. Giri, over Sanjeeva Reddy, the official Congress nominee. When Giri defeated Reddy, the Congress expelled her, thus creating the first major split in the party’s history and the beginning of the Indira Gandhi cult.
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Draconian: very harsh (‘kathor’; ‘kroor’)
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Gratitude: the state of feeling of being grateful; kind feeling towards someone who has been kind (‘dhanyawaad’; ‘kritagyata’)
Zail Singh, showed his gratitude by declaring, ïf my leader wants me to be president, then I will do it. If she wants me to pick up a broom and sweep the floor, I will also do that”.
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To close the jaws quickly; to break suddenly; to say or speak quickly, usu in an annoyed way; to take or buy quickly; done quickly and without warning or long considerations (‘gusse se kahna’; ‘tootna’; ‘kaat lena’; ‘photo lena’)
DMK snap ties with BJP in Tamilnadu
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Reminiscent: that reminds one of; like (ýaad karane/dilane wala’)
Joint session reminiscent of 1978
The poll is reminiscent of the opposition’s move to divide the NDA on POTO and Gujarat.
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Repeal: to put an official end to (a law) (‘khandan’’nirast/radd karna’)
The janta regime was keen to repeal the act and got the necessary bill passed in the lok sabha on December 5, 1977
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Bonafide: in good faith (‘sadbhawna’)
Bonafide gifts should not penalized (‘dandit karna’ yaa ‘dandniya thahrana’) under the dowry act.
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Truncate: [-cated; -cating] to shorten (something) by cutting a part or end off it. (‘kaat/chaat kar chotha karna’)
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Tentative: made or done only as a suggestion; not certain. (ánischit saa’;’aajmayishi taur par= tentatively)
The voting on the bill has been tentatively fixed for 6 P.M
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Umbrage: take umbrage to show that one’s feelings have been hurt (‘rosh’)
Prime Minister Atal Behari Vajpayee took umbrage at congress president Sonia Gandhi’s sharp criticism of his leadership.
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Refute: [futed, futing] to prove to be wrong (‘khandan karna’)
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Behest: on somebody’s orders (áagya’; áadesh’)
Refuting the opposition charge of being under pressure from the U.S. and the sangh parivar, Vajpayee said, had that been so, his government would not have ordered the Pokhran-II test which one of his predecessors had called off at Washington’s behest.
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Treasury: the government department that controls ans spends public money (‘koshagaar’)
The treasury benches immediately protested against the congress MP tsaking the podium (‘manch’)
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Expunge: remove or wipe out (words, names, etc) from a list, book, etc (‘mitaana’)
The PM said that the chair was welcome to expunge any unparliamentary words from his speech
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Ram: a fully grown male sheep; any machine that repeatedly drops or pushes a weight onto or into something [mm] to run into (something) very hard; (down) to force into place with heavy pressure. (‘diwar girane ki machine’; ‘jaan bujh kar doosri gaari se takrana’)
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Demon: evil spirit; (‘pisach’; ‘daitya’; ásur’)
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Foist: to cause (an unwanted person or thing) to be suffered for a time by (someone) (‘bewakoof banana’; foist on/upon (someone) ‘kisi ke upar thopna’)
Every government in power creates its own demonology (ásurvidha’) an d the BJP is no exception . but to ram through POTO (‘prevention of terrorism ordinance’) like this is to foist its own agenda on the entire nation.
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Espouse: give one’s support to (a cause, theory, etc), to marry (‘sahara dena’; ‘samarthan karna’; ‘vivah karna;)
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Lobby: entrance hall, group of people who try to influence politicians, especially to support or oppose proposed legislations. (‘pratiksha kaksh’; ápne paksh me janmat taiyar karna’)
Subhash Chandra bose never got his due recognition because there was this huge lobby that saw him as espousing the cause of violence at a time when non-violence was politically fashionable.
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Assorted: of different sorts; mixed (‘mishrit’; ‘mila jula’)
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Parvenu: (derog) person who has suddenly risen from a low social or economic position to one of wealth or power
Very often socialite and movie stars and other such assorted parvenu get infinitely more media attention than serious issues.
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Clamor: loud confused noise, esp of shouting; (for/against something) loud demand or protest (kolahal; ‘shor sharaba)
I fear that those who are clamoring for POTO today will be its first victims (‘pirit’; ‘shikkar’, ‘bhukt bhogi’)) when the government changes.
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Protract: make last a long time or longer; lengthen or prolong. (‘lambi Awadhi ke liye’)
Anand Bakshi died after a protracted illness.
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Ripple: strong waves or series of waves (‘lahrana’)
Chhapra creates ripple in tihar, security tightened.
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Electrocute: kill (a person or an animal) by means of electric current (‘bijli se maar dena yaa mar jana’)
A young man was standing in close proximity with some high tension wires, when he was electrocuted. He died on the spot.
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Skids: sideways movements. Skid= slippery (‘fislan’)
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Dissipated: cause to scatter or vanish; waste (time, money, etc foolishly)
Godhra incident are dispatched for mass distribution, ensuring the communal fever does not dissipate. Also, the anti Muslim rumour mills continue working through the parivar friendly vernacular press.
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Mill about/around: mill round and round in a confused mess.
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Disillusioned: disappointed in/with somebody, something that one had admired or believed in. (‘nibhrant’)
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Apparent: clearly sen or understood; obvious (‘prakat’’spasht’, ‘saaf’)
The BJP is now a party on the skids. The early hope has dissipated, the public disillusionment is all to apparent and everybody is looking for a change.
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Yawn: (‘jamhai lena’; úbaasi’)
They saw everything they didn’t wanted to see in the yawningly long, four hour function.
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Din: continuing loud confused noise (‘ho-halla’; ‘hangama’)
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Envy: feeling of discontent caused by somebody else’s good fortune or success, esp when one wishes this for one self. (irshya, jalan) envious = full of envy
The honorable members were too busy raising the kind of din
A packed football stadium would be envious of.
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Venerable: deserving respect because of age, character, association, etc (‘samman-niya’; ‘pujya-niya’)
Vajpayee hit back by saying that when she was “koson door” from parliament, he was already a venerable parliamentarian.
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Drawl: speak or say in a slow lazy manner (‘gungunate hue bolna’; ‘mand mand bolna’; khinch kar bolna’)
He drawled, “Sometimes, I win, sometimes I lose”.
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Bully: a person who uses his strength or power to hurt weaker people; in hockey way of starting a game in which two opposing player strike their sticks together three times before trying to hit the ball. (‘dhauns dikhane wala manushya’; ‘gunda’)
UK kids bully Indian Teachers.
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Purview: range of operation or activity; scope (‘seema’)
The committee was informed at the meeting that rehabilitation of survivors would come under its purview.
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Petulant: unreasonably impatient or irritable (çhid-chida’; ‘bad-mijaj’)
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Outburst: burst; explosion, sudden violent expression esp of strong emotions ( (áaweg’)General metropolitan reactions so far seems to suggest that the prime minister’s rather petulant outburst against the leader of opposition in the joint meeting of the two houses of parliament has not gone down well.
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Pertinent: relevant, to the point (‘prassangik’; úp-yukt’)
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Gratuitous: (derog) done, given or acting un necessarily; purposely and without good reason (án-aawashyak’)
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Rankle: cause lasting bitterness or resentment (‘gus-sa dilana’)
Vajpayee sounded like a man offering wounded self-esteem as an explanation on a point of criticism which he knew to be pertinent rather than gratuitous, a knowledge that rankled visibly.
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Maverick: unbranded calf; a person with independent or unorthodox views. (á-parampara-gat’; ‘vid-rohi’)
The threat to the Indian state can no longer be disregarded as a maverick, epiphenomenal nuisance. (‘Pareshaani’; upa-drav’)
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Mull (something) over: think about or consider something long and carefully. (vichaar karna)
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Bump: bump (somebody off) kill or murder (bump= takrana; bump off =hatya kar dena, bump into= sayong se milna i.e meeting co incidentally)
After Bin Laden escape the missile strike in August 1998, following the terrorist bombings of U.S, embassies in Kenya and Tanzania, Clinton mulled over a plan to bump him off in 2000.
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Deter: (somebody) from doing (something)- make somebody decide not to do something. (‘rokna’)
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Deterrent: thing that deters or is meant to deter.
However, the presence of a large number of woman and children in the area Bin Laden was suspected to be hiding in was a deterrent.
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Merry: happy and cheerful; full of joy and gaiety(‘harsho-ullas’), slightly drunk; pleasant (‘harsh-purn’; ;zinda-dil’; merry maker= ‘’gul-charre-udane-wala’)
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Meanders: follow a winding (‘ghumav-daar’; ‘tedha-medha’) course, following slowly, wander aimlessly; proceed in an aimless way (‘disha-hin ghumna’; ídhar-udhar kar kea age badhna’)
As the Liberhan commission merrily meanders its course towards the discovery of the truth about the demolition of the Babri Masjid, give some thoughts to the report of the citizens.
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Emulate: somebody (at something) tru to do as well as or better than somebody. (ánu-karan karna’)
Cannot this precedence (‘vari-yata’; ‘purva-vartita ‘) be emulated for a citizen’s inquiry into the Gujarat killings in 2002 with particular focus on Godhra and Ahmedabad.
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Coercive: using force or threats (‘bal-purvak’)
The difference between an official enquiry and a non-official lies mainly in the coercive machinery of the law.
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Immaculate: perfectly clean and tidy, right in every detail (‘saaf-suthra’; ‘nish-kalank’; ‘be-daag’; ‘pavitra’; ‘nir-dosh’)
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Galore: in plenty (‘bhar-poor’; ‘pra-chur matra me’)
There are precedence galore before and after independence.
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Surrogate: (for sb/sth) person or thing that acts or is used instead of another; substitute (‘prati-nidhi’; ‘sthana-pann’)
U.S. Supreme Court ruled in the Richmond newspaper case (1980), the media function as “surrogate for the public”. So would a citizens’ inquiry.
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Junk: things that are considered useless or of little value; old or unwanted things that are sold cheaply. (‘kura-karkat’; ‘be-kar vastu’; á-swikaar kar dena’; ‘pehenk dena’)
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Assailant: person who attacks. (áakraman kari’)
A 30 year old junk dealer and his wife were brutally stabbed (çhaku-ghopna’) to death by three unidentified assailants.
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Snub: [bb] treat (somebody) coldly, rudely or with contempt (‘tiras-kaar’; áp-maanit’) esp by paying no attention (to him); (of a note -short and slightly turned up at the end) (çhapta’; çhipta hua’; ‘apman’; án-dekha kar kea p-maanit karna’)
PM snubs his government.
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Flaunt: (usu derog) show (something considered valuable)in order to gain the admiration of other people (ghamand se dikhna’, ‘dikhawa’; ít-rana)
Actions have been taken against junior policemen who openly flaunt their VHP or Bajrang Dal connections.
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Stoop: (down) bend forward and down; bend (a part of the body) forward and down. (‘jhu-kao’; ‘kandhe jhuka kar chalna’)
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Grovel: (derog) (to/ before dpmebody) lie or crawl with the face downwards in a show of humility or fear; (to somebody) (for something) behave with a show of humility or shame
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Groveling: excessively humble (áti vinamra’)
There is a lot to be gained in the world of politics by stooping and groveling
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Graft: use of illegal or unfair means (esp bribery) to gain an advantage in business, politics, etc; hard work. (‘rish-wat’; ‘kathor pari-shram’)
Public prosecutor jailed for graft.
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Paranoia: mental illness in which a person is obsessed by mistaken belief’s , esp that he is being badly treated by others or that he is somebody very important, abnormal tendency to suspect and mistrust other people. (‘san-deh ka mithya-bhram’)
Paranoia in Bihar
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Pillory: to punish publicly (‘saarva-janik roop se dan-dit karna’)
Newspapers have praised or pilloried such steps as in any democracy.
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Oddity: (also oddness) quality of being odd; unusual act, event person or thing. (‘visham-ta’; ‘vichitr-ta’)
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Brickbat: piece of brick, esp one throws as a weapon; rude or derogatory remark; insult (éit ka tukda’; ‘shabd aakr-aman’)
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Bouquet: bunch of flowers for carrying in the hand (often presented as a gift (‘gul-dasta’; ‘phoolon ka guch-ha’)
Bouquets for PM, brickbats for CM.
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Persecute: treat somebody cruelly, esp because of his race, his political or religious beliefs, etc (‘satana’ út-pidan karna’)
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Brace: device that clamps things together or holds and support them in a position; wire device worn inside the mouth (esp by children) for straightening the teeth; straps for holding trousers up; bracket
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Chaos: complete disorder or confusion (á-vyav-astha’; áfra-tafri’)
The capital braced for chaos on Friday as the supreme court cracked the whip on diesel business.
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Cognizance: knowledge; awareness; (esp law) scope or extent of sb’s knowledge or concern; (idiom take cognizance of sth (esp law) : take notice of sth; acknowledge something officially. (‘san-gyan’; ‘purn jaan-kaar hona’)
If CNG bus operators harass commuters, nothing can be done since cognizance cannot be taken of complaints against them.
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Slew: of sth great something (‘dher-saara’)
While issuing a slew of directions, the supreme court slapped a Rs. 20000 fine on the centre.
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Pogrom: organized persecution or killing of a particular group or class of people; esp because of their race or religion. (‘saamuhik hatya’/’narsanghaar’)
The pogrom in Gujarat may be far from over.
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Collate: examine and compare in order to find the differences between them , gather information from different sources (‘kram-waar lagana’; ‘sabhi jagah se suchna ekatra karna’)
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Languish: lack or lose vitality (‘din kaatna’; ‘girna’; ‘kam hona’)
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Languishing: trying to win sympathy or affection
Thousands of poor people accused of minor crimes languish in jails as ‘under-trials’
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Foggiest: foggy condition (dhundhla ) not even the foggiest of idea
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Conclave: private meeting (‘gupt-sabha’)
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Inept: completely unskillful (at sth) (a-yogya, a-kushal)
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Exorbitant: (of a price, charge, etc) much too high or great, unreasonable (‘bahut jyada; át-yant’)
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Connive: at sth (derog) disregard or seem to allow ( a wrong action) (‘gupt roop se sahyog karna ‘; ‘kisi ke saath milkar awaidh kaarya karna’)
The police are inept or corrupt; lawyers charges exorbitant fees simply to have hearings in court deferred (‘taal-na’); magistrate and judges succumb to political pressure or bribery and connive at the derailment (áw-pathan’; ‘patri se utarna’) of justice.
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Dyslexia: difficulty with words
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Devious: cunning; dishonest (çhalak’; çhatur’)
We hire lawyers to use devious methods to get us out of the clutches (çhangul’ ‘pakad’) of law.
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Arraign: sb (for sth) (law) bring a criminal charge against sb; bring sb to court for trial. (‘doshi thahrana’; ‘mukadme ke kiye adalat me lana’)
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Vindicate: clear (sb/sth) of blame or suspicion; show or prove the truth (‘nyay diddh hona/karna’; ‘nir-dosh thah-rana’; ‘saa-bit karna’)
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Vindication: vindicating or being vindicative
Have you ever heard of an Indian criminal arraigned before a court of a law admit the crime he has committed and take the sentence passed on him as vindication of justice.
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Thwart: prevent (sb) from doing what he intends; oppose (a plan, etc) successfully; seat across a rowing boat for an oarsman. (oarsman= ‘mallah’; ‘navik’; ‘manjhi’) (‘rokna’; ‘vyarth kar dena’; ‘lakdi ka aara takhta’)
An attempt to hold a peace rally was thwarted when the organizer was threatened by a 500 strong mob.
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Hoodlums: destructive and rowdy youth; violent criminal, gangster (‘bad-mash/gunda/ugra vyalti’)
The hoodlums asked for shroff and told his wife they could cut him into pieces.
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Bound: going or ready to go into the direction of. (Delhi bound train)
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Blue-book: parliamentary or privy council report (
This new ‘blue- book’ for the controversial site has been prepared by Faizabad divisional commissioner A.K. Gupta.
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Spectre: ghosht; phantom; unpleasant and frightening mental image of possible future trouble (‘pret chaya’; çhaya’; ‘saaya’; ‘bhoot’)
Monday bus chaos spectre remains
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Sulk: (about/ over sth) (derog) be silent or unsociable as a result of bad temper or resentment (‘kijna/roothna/naraz hona’)
The women went inside a room and locked herself in. Her in-laws thought that she was just sulking.
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Harrowing: very distressing (‘khauf-naak’) with the Supreme Court banning the plying of diesel buses, Delhiites had a harrowing time reaching their destination.
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Incessant: not stopping, continual (ánawrat’incessantly = ‘lagataar’)
She was in Delhi last week and worried incessantly about whether it was safe to take the Rajdhani back
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Perturb: make (sb) very worried; disturb (‘vya-kul kar dena)
For many of us who have long been perturbed about the turn that contemporary politics is taking, the chief Minister is our worst nightmare (‘duswapn’; ‘bhaya-wah anu-bhav’)
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Brag: (about/of sth) talk with too much pride (about sth); boast (‘sekhi bagharna’; ‘ding haakna’)
Worse still, why would the barber brag about having personally styled the mad scientist look.
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