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What was the significance of the Rosetta Stone? Who deduced it had hieroglyphics and established the field of Egyptology?
What is meant by the term the Egyptian “canon of human proportions.”. Explain the conventions for representation of the human body in painting in sculpture from the Old Kingdom to the end of the New Kingdom:
Ground line
Hierarchical representation
Head
Eye
Chest
Hips
Legs
Feet
Posture
Colors (male/female)
“Cubic” sculpture
Which of the above conventions do you notice on the Palette of Narmer?
Discuss the role that death played in Egyptian art. What relation did it have to the development of portraiture?
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Predynastic
Describe the function and structures of the mastaba. You may draw and label one, if you like.
Who was Imhotep and what was considered to have been his most important accomplishment?
Compare the Egyptian pyramid of Djoser with the White Temple of Uruk. In what ways are they similar? How do they differ? What was the function of each?
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Old Kingdom
Who was Re and what relationship was he supposed to have had to the Egyptian pharaohs?
In what way do the pyramids of Gizeh differ from King Djoser’s pyramid at Saqqara?
How were the Great Pyramids thought to have been build? From what materials?
What is thought to be the function of the Great Sphinx?
Describe the iconography of the statue of Khafre.
What is the hawk a symbol for?
How does the statue Khafre portray the king’s power and authority?
What stylistic features of the statue of Menkaure and Khamerernebty help to create a sense of timelessness?
List 2 subjects that were commonly depicted in Egyptians tombs and explain their purpose
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Seated statue of Khafre, from Gizeh, Dynasty IV, ca. 2520-2494 B.C. Diorite, approx. 5' 6" high. Egyptian Museum, Cairo.
Gardner- Art Through the Ages Set
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Middle Kingdom
________________________ tombs in the Middle Kingdom replaced pyramid tombs so popular during the Old Kingdom. Why?
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Sesostris I, Lisht, 12th Dynasty, c. 1971 – 1926 B.C.
Photo: LaCour Slide Library
Art Across Time Slide Set (wncc)
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New Kingdom
Senmut, chancellor, architect and engineer, built a vast mortuary temple for ___________________ at __________________.
How does the portrayal of the female pharaoh Hatshepsut compare to other royal statues?
The figures on the façade of the mortuary temple of ___________________, originally build at Abu Simbel are approximately ______________ feet tall.
Describe the two types of capital used at Karnak and Luxor, as seen here:
What was the purpose of a pylon temple?
Identify the parts of this typical pylon temple.
Identify the following temple architectural terms:
Pylon
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Court
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Hypostyle hall
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Sanctuary
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Girdle wall
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Capital
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Post and lintel
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Drum
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Shaft
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Clerestory
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Sunken (intaglio) relief
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Living rock
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What is the shape of Senmut with Princess Nefrua, and what name is given to the type?
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Potential Exam Essay Questions
Trace the change of style from Old to New Kingdom. Use as examples the seated statue of Khafre, the head of Sesostris III, and the figure of Akhenaten. Include the Egyptian proportional system and give some examples of how it is used in painting and sculpture.
Discuss the differences in style, convention, and medium between Egyptian and Aegean wall painting. Give examples from Knossos and Thera.
Describe the process of mummification and discuss its meaning in ancient Egyptian religion.
Describe the changes introduced by Akhenaten and their effect on Egyptian art.
Explain the steps taken by Hatshepsut to confirm her legitimacy as pharaoh of Egypt.
Describe the Egyptian proportional system and give some examples of how it is used in painting and sculpture.
Discuss the Egyptian view of the afterlife and its manifestations in art.
Trace the changes in style from Old to New Kingdom. Use as examples the statues of Menkaure and Queen Khamerernebty, Lady Senuwy, Hatshepsut, and the bust of Nefertiti.
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