Class struggles as pre-history of black oriented radio
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References Baldwin, D. L. (2007). Chicago's New Negroes: Modernity, the Great Migration, & Black Urban Life. Univ of North Carolina Press. Barnouw, E. (1966). A Tower in Babel: A History of Broadcasting in the United States, to 1933 (Vol. 1). New York: Oxford University Press. Davis, A. (1971). Reflections on the Black Woman's Role in the Community of Slaves. The Black Scholar, 3(4), 2-15. Davis, A. Y. (1998). From the prison of slavery to the slavery of prison: Frederick Douglass and the convict lease system. The Angela Y. Davis Reader, 74-95. Davis, A. Y. (1999). Blues Legacies and Black Feminism: Gertrude" Ma" Rainey, Bessie Smith, and Billie Holiday. Vintage Books. Douglas, S. J. (1989). Inventing American Broadcasting, 1899-1922. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press. Du Bois, W. E. B. (1968). Dusk of dawn: An essay toward an autobiography of a race concept. Transaction Publishers. Du Bois, W. E. B., (1900). ‘The Negro problem,’ ca. 1900. W. E. B. Du Bois Papers (MS 312). Special Collections and University Archives, University of Massachusetts Amherst Libraries. Du Bois, W. E. B., & Chandler, N. D. (2014 [1897]). ‘Afro American’, The Problem of the Color Line at the Turn of the Twentieth Century: The Essential Early Essays. NEW YORK: Fordham University Press. Du Bois, W. E. B., & Sundquist, E. J. (1996 [1940]). ‘The Propaganda of History,’ in The Oxford WEB Du Bois Reader. Oxford University Press, USA. Foucault, M. (1998). 'Nietzsche, genealogy, history', in Aesthetics, method, and epistemology (Vol. 2). The New Press. Gilmore, G. E. (1996). Gender and Jim Crow: Women and the politics of white supremacy in North Carolina, 1896-1920. USA: University of North Carolina Press. Godfried, N. (1993). "Legitimizing the Mass Media Structure: The Socialists and American Broadcasting, 1926-1932," in Ronald C. Kent et al. (eds.), Culture, Gender, Race, and U.S. Labor History. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press. González, J., & Torres, J. (2011). News for all the people: The epic story of race and the American media. Verso Books. Hunter, T. W. (1997). To 'Joy My Freedom: Southern Black Women's Lives and Labors after the Civil War. USA: Harvard University Press. Macias, A. F. (2004). Bringing music to the people: race, urban culture, and municipal politics in postwar Los Angeles. American Quarterly, 56(3), 693-717. Marvin, C. (1997). When old technologies were new. Oxford University Press. McChesney, R. W. (1994). Telecommunications, mass media, and democracy : the battle for the control of U.S. Broadcasting, 1928-1935, Oxford University Press. Morris, A. (2015). The Scholar Denied: W. E. B. Du Bois and the Birth of Modern Sociology. Oakland: University of California Press. Nerone, J. (2003). Approaches to media history. A companion to media studies, 93-114. Pickard, V. (2015). ‘Lessons from the 1940s American Reform Movement,’ Journal of Information Policy, Vol. 5, pp. 109-128. Roberts, N. (2015). Freedom as Marronage. University of Chicago Press. Savage, B. D. (1999). Broadcasting freedom: Radio, war, and the politics of race, 1938-1948. UNC Press Books. Sklaroff , L.R., (2004). Variety for the Servicemen: The "Jubilee" Show and the Paradox of Racializing Radio during World War II, American Quarterly, Vol. 56, No. 4, pp. 945-973. Steven Classen, “Watching Jim Crow: The Struggles over Mississippi TV, 1955-1969” Stowe, D. W. (1996). Swing Changes: Big-Band Jazz in New Deal America. Harvard University Press. Vaillant, D. W. (2002). Sounds of Whiteness: Local Radio, Racial Formation, and Public Culture in Chicago, 1921-1935. American Quarterly 54(1), 25-66. The Johns Hopkins University Press. Retrieved November 6, 2016, from Project MUSE database. Ward, B. (2006). Radio and the Struggle for Civil Rights in the South, University Press of Florida. Wolcott, V. W. (2013). Remaking respectability: African American women in interwar Detroit. UNC Press Books. Woodley, J. (2014). Art for Equality: The NAACP's Cultural Campaign for Civil Rights. University Press of Kentucky. 1 CITE UMass archive Du Bois, W. E. B. (William Edward Burghardt), 1868-1963. W. E. B. Du Bois Papers (MS 312). Special Collections and University Archives, University of Massachusetts Amherst Libraries. 2 Or, such use for radio may have seemed dangerous, a threat to middle class aspirations. 3 The possibility that such companies could hire integrated casts and crews seems unexplored in the literature. 4 From this view, the Black Swan project shares key qualities with the technique conditioning the presentation of black working class music on Freedom’s People – the refashioning of black working class cultural forms through the ideology of the black middle class. 5 radio telegraphy 6 As excerpted from the LA Times, undated. 7The Crisis, January 1914, p. 111. 9See, The Crisis, January, August 1914; March, 1918; May, 1920; February, 1921; June, 1922; October, 1931, November, 1932; January, February, April, 1933; 10The Crisis, January, 1914; 11The Crisis, March, 1918; 12The Crisis, February, 1918; 13p. 216 14Du Bois, 'Judging Russia,' The Crisis, February, 1927, pp. 189-190. 15 Though The Crisis reported on black criticism of the foremost example of racist entertainment on radio, Amos ‘n’ Andy, the NAACP did not prioritize campaigns to eliminate the show until it was scheduled to move to television twenty years later (Woodley, 2013). 16February, 1930; October, 1931. 17January, 1933, p. 15. 18April, 1933 issue of The Crisis reports as an accomplishment the broadcast reach (430k listeners) of the Tuskegee Choir in a Radio City transmission after the February, 1933 issue reports “10,000,000 idle; 2 or 3 million on the verge of starvation ; Radio City opens with 6,000 seats in its theatre . . . Some fool world.” (p. 29) 19p. 249 20p. 250 21pp. 163-164 22p. 164 23Du Bois, 'Judging Russia,' The Crisis, February, 1927, p. 189 24pp. 162-163 25p. 162 26Du Bois, 'Economic Disfranchisement,' The Crisis, August 1930, pp. 281-282. 27Radio issues appear in 13 letters between Du Bois and his landlord: Letter from W. E. B. Du Bois to Paul Laurence Dunbar Apartments, March 27, 1929; - Letter from The Paul Laurence Dunbar Apartments, Inc. to W. E. B. Du Bois, February 6, 1931; 28Letter from the Western Union Telegraph Company to W. E. B. Du Bois, February 5, 1930 29 The term wireless results in only one match, a 1930 letter pertaining to Du Bois attempt to recoup the cost of a 1929 wireless telegram that was not delivered. 30Letter from Roscoe Conkling Bruce to E. C., July 21, 1919; Letter from W. E. B. Du Bois to Roscoe Conkling Bruce, October 30, 1922; All subsequent letter citations from: Du Bois, W. E. B. (William Edward Burghardt), 1868-1963. W. E. B. Du Bois Papers (MS 312). Special Collections and University Archives, University of Massachusetts Amherst Libraries. 31Letter from W. E. B. Du Bois to Walter A. Smith, January 20, 1926. 32Bailey, E. Pearl. Letter from E. Pearl Bailey to W. E. B. Du Bois, January 11, 1926. 33Holmes, Elbert A.. Letter from Elbert A. Holmes to W. E. B. Du Bois, January 18, 1926. 34Letter from W. E. B. Du Bois to George W. Coleman, March 10, 1926. 35Letter from Charles S. Duke to W. E. B. Du Bois, January 22, 1926. 36Letter from W. E. B. Du Bois to Charles S. Duke, February 5, 1926. 37Letter from W. E. B. Du Bois to Charles S. Duke, March 12, 1926. 38Letter from The Forum to W. E. B. Du Bois, September 10, 1927. 39Letter from WEVD Radio Station to W. E. B. Du Bois, 1929. Nine such letters appear in the archive prior to 1934, all in 1929. 40Letter from Young Men’s Christian Association of New York to W. E. B. Du Bois, November 15, 1929; Letter from South Park Community Association to W. E. B. Du Bois, ca. January 20, 1929; Letter from Young Men’s Christian Association of Detroit to W. E. B. Du Bois, March 8, 1930. 41Letter from Young Men’s Christian Association of New York to W. E. B. Du Bois, November 15, 1929 42This “pile-driving advertizing campaign of newspaper, mail order, radio and bill-board" seeks to raise money and address the “disguised prejudices of the whites [which] blinds them to the necessity of character building programs among Negros.” Activists request that Du Bois refer them to a campaigner “who can play up the racial situation with designs sufficiently powerful to tell our story in bill-board pictures that he who runs may read.” 43Haiti [fragment], December 21, 1929. 44Letter from W. E. B. Du Bois to WEVD Radio Station, January 15, 1929. It is not clear what that campaign was. 45Letter from W. E. B. Du Bois to WEVD Radio Station, May 16, 1929 46e.g. Letter from Carrie Clifford to W. E. B. Du Bois, December 23, 1929 47Letter from Maud Jones to Cheerio, June 6, 1932 48Memorandum from Walter White to W. E. B. Du Bois, November 20, 1930 49Letter from W. E. B. Du Bois to the Committee on Civic Education by Radio, August 11, 1932. 50Letter from William B. Gould to W. E. B. Du Bois, August 2, 1930. Directory: papers -> docs docs -> From Warfighters to Crimefighters: The Origins of Domestic Police Militarization docs -> The real chance is the one you use not the one you think about docs -> Testing and Twisting Realist Politics in the Jesse Stone Series docs -> Environmental Samba! The Greenwashing of Brazil’s Global Climate Change Commitments docs -> Attentat and Autobiography: The Political Action of Emma Goldman’s docs -> Anarchist Women Printers: Old and New Materialisms docs -> The Mass Society Paradigm of Democratic Politics docs -> Doux Commerce and the “Commercial Jew”: Intolerance and Tolerance in Voltaire and Montesquieu Rob Goodman1 docs -> 6. 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