Copying or Yanking lines
yy to copy a line
4yy to copy 4 lines
p paste a text
yy and p copy and paste
dd and p cut and paste
2. Input mode
In this mode user can modify the file contents. In this mode if user tries to execute any command, it won’t treat like command it is treated like text. To treat as command user has to go to command mode by pressing “Esc” key
In order get into input mode press “i” key
3. Exit mode
In this mode user can quit from the editor. If you are in input mode then to go to exit mode first you have to go to command mode then to go to exit mode is possible.
: To get into exit mode as showed at the bottom of the editor.
:w To save the file
:q To quit from the editor
:wq To save and quit
:q! To quit without saving the file
:set nu To set the line numbers
:set nonu To remove the line numbers in vi editor
:! [unix command] To execute unix command
Ex: :!date Execute date command
After execution of command press enter key to come back to vi editor and do work.
:w 10 To move to 10th line
:w [file name] save as some file
Changing File permissions:
‘chmod’ is a command to change the file permission
To change the file permissions of a file current user must be owner of the file or system admin can change the permissions.
Syntax: $ chmod [category] [operation] [permission] [filename]
Category Operation Permission
u User + Add r Read
g Group - Remove w Write
o Others x Execute
Ex 1:
$ ls –l file2
-rw-r-xr-- 3 user1 group1 7421 dec 11:30 file2
Requirement:
User adding “x”
Group removing “x”
Others adding “w”
$ chmod u+x, g-x, o+w file2
$ ls –l file2
-rwxr--rw- 3 user1 group1 7421 dec 12:30 file2
Requirement:
User adding “wx”
Group removing “wx”
Others removing “rw”
$ chmod u+wx, g-wx, o-rw file3
$ ls –l file3
-rwx r-- --x 3 user1 group1 6492 dec 01:30 file2
Requirement:
User adding “w” and removing “x”
Group removing “w” and adding “x”
Others adding “r” and removing “x”
As above it is not possible to perform two operations at a time
We need to execute two commands.
$ chmod u+w, g-w, o+r file4
$ chmod u-x, g+x, o-x file4
Alternative to these two commands is
$ chmod u+w-x, g-w+x, o+r-x file4
(Or)
$ chmod u+w, u-x, g-w, g+x, o+r, o-x file4
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