Bignoniaceae (Trumpet-creeper Family)

1152. Bignonia capreolata L. 1753 B&B.295

[Anisostichus capreolata (L.) Bureau 1864]

(Bignonia crucigera L. 1753) Shr.482

[Doxantha capreolata (L.) Miers. 1863]

(Crossvine)

Native high-climbing slender woody vine. Climbing by tendrils. Evergreen. Leaves in distinct pattern of 4's.

Habitat: "Rich soil" (Gray 1867). "Coastal Zone; in river swamps of the Pocomoke" (Shreve et al 1910). "In moist woods" (Britton & Brown 1913). "In rich moist woods and in swamps" (Grimm 1968).

Frequency: "Rare" (Shreve et al 1910). "Virginia to Florida" (Britton & Brown 1913). "Md. and W. Va. to Ohio, Ill. and Mo. south to Fla. and Tex." (Grimm 1968). "In southern Coastal Plain; not common." (B&B 1972)

Sightings: Luce Creek watershed 1/7/1995: Belle Grove Corporation property, growing on tuliptrees ca. 100 ft. SE of Severn Grove Road.
1153. Campsis radicans (L.) Seem. 1867. B&B.295

[Tecoma radicans (L.) DC 1845] Shr.482

[Tecoma radicans (L.) Juss.]

(Bignonia radicans L. 1753)

(Trumpet Vine, Common Trumpetcreeper)

Native pinnate-leaved woody vine. Corolla orange-red.

1154. Campsis radicans var. flava Rehd. B&B: Not listed.

(Campsis radicans var. aurea Rehd.)

(Tecoma radicans var. lutea Kirchn.)

(Yellow Trumpet Vine) Orange-yellow flowers.

Sightings: Chase Creek watershed (along road to Ruckers Pond ca. 1980, now absent). Sandy Point State Park (on fence near entrance).

1155. Catalpa bignonioides Walt. 1788. B&B.294

(Southern Catalpa, Common Catalpa)

Medium sized tree native to Gulf States. Escape from cultivation. Leaves abruptly acuminate.

1156. Catalpa speciosa Warder B&B.294

(Hardy Catalpa, Northern Catalpa, Western Catalpa)

Large tree native to mid-west. Escape from cultivation. Leaves often long-acuminate.

1157. Epifagus virginiana (L.) Bart. B&B.879

[Leptamnium virginianum (L.) Raf. ex A. Gray 1878] Shr.482

[Epiphegus virginiana (L.) Bart. 1818]

(Orobanche virginiana L. 1753)

(Beech-drops)

Erect (6-18") native leafless branching herb parasitic on beech roots. Flowers dull-magenta. Plant somewhat sticky to the touch.

Habitat: Under beech trees "In rich forests" (Shreve et al 1910).

Frequency: "Throughout the state" (Shreve et al 1910).

Records: Java Farm, moderately abundant under mature beech canopy in "western triangle", Higman 249 (CBC) (Higman 1977). Jug Bay Wetlands Sanctuary (Mason et al 1991).

Sightings: Under beech trees, oak-pine woods behind Crownsville Peoples Resource Center 9/27/1993.

Herbaria: CBC. US (Stieber 1971).

1158. Orobanche uniflora L. 1753 B&B.881

[Thalesia uniflora (L.) Britton 1894] Shr.482

(One-flowered Cancer-root, Squaw-drops)

Short (3-10") native leafless herb. Parasitic on roots of various herbs. Flowers white to whitish-lavender.

Habitat: "In rich forests" (Shreve et al 1910). "Damp woods and thickets" (Niering & Olmstead 1979).

Frequency: Throughout the state; being most frequent in the Midland Zone" (Shreve et al 1910).

Sightings: Fort Meade: near Forge Bridge on Little Patuxent (Longbottom, pc 5/11/1992).

134. Lentibulariaceae (Bladderwort Family)

1159. Utricularia biflora Lam. 1791 B&B: No Md. records.

(Utricularia pumila Walt. 1798)

(Two-flowered Bladderwort)

Native submerged aquatic herb. Resembles U. fibrosa, but leaves all alike. Brown & Brown (1984) state that U. biflora occurs in Del. and Va., and may be expected in Md.

Habitat: Shallow water.

Heritage Rating: 1988: B2 (Highly state rare). 1991: Endangered. 2001: S1 (Highly state rare) Endangered.

Records: Cattail Creek Pond above Rt. 2 on 7/9/1988 (Sipple 1993).

Sightings:

(1) Mill Creek watershed: Davidson's pond in St. Margarets.

(2) Chase Creek Watershed: Ruckers Pond (Accidentally introduced from Davidson's Pond ca. 1975, choking half of pond in several years, then declining rapidly. A few blooming plants seen 7/11/87, 8/8/87); extant 8/27/1999, 2002.

1160. Utricularia cornuta Michx. 1803. Shr.481, B&B.883

[Stomoisa cornuta (Michx.) Raf. 1838]

(Horned Bladderwort) Native terrestrial herb.

1161. Utricularia fibrosa Walt. 1788. Shr.482, B&B.885

(Fibrous Bladderwort) Native submerged aquatic herb; leaves alternate, dimorphic.

Habitat: "In shallow water" (Britton & Brown 1913).

Frequency: "Coastal Plain; rare" (Brown & Brown 1984).

Heritage Rating: 1988: B3 (State rare). 1991: Endangered.

Records: "Glenburnie (Robert K. Miller)" (Shreve et al 1910). Broome et al Dec. 1979 noted one station reported, but no plants seen. North Grays Bog, South Grays Bog, Angels Bog, Eagle Hill Bog, Cypress Creek Savanna (Whigham 1981).

1162. Utricularia gemniscapa Benj. 1847. B&B.883

(Utricularia clandestina Nutt. 1848) Shr.481

(Hidden-fruited Bladderwort, Hooded Milfoil)

Native submerged aquatic herb.

Habitat: "In ponds and slow streams" (Brown & Brown 1984).

Records: One A. A. Co. station (1964) noted by Broome et al Dec. 1979. Head of the Severn River in a marsh 10/24/1951, N. Hotchkiss & F. M. Uhler (US) (Stieber 1967). Blackhole Creek Bog by Broersma 1984 (see Sipple 1999, p.379).

Herbaria: US (Stieber 1971).

1163. Utricularia gibba L. 1753. Shr.482, B&B.885

(Humped Bladderwort) Native submerged aquatic herb.

Habitat: "In ponds and streams" (Shreve et al 1910). "Shallow water or bogs" (Brown & Brown 1984).

Frequency: "Coastal and Midland Zones; frequent" (Shreve et al 1910).

Heritage Rating: 1988: C (State declining). 1991: Watchlist.

Records: 1.5 miles north of Duvall Bridge, in a pond 7/9/1938, N. Hotchkiss (US) (Stieber 1967). Pond edge at Lake Waterford 8/25/1989 (Sipple 1993). Arden Bog 1998 (Sipple 1999, p.382).

Herbaria: US (Stieber 1971).

1164. Utricularia juncea Vahl. 1804. Shr.481, B&B.883

[Stomoisia juncea (Vahl.) Barnhart]

(Rush Bladderwort) Native terrestrial herb.

1165. Utricularia subulata L. 1753. B&B.883

[Setiscapella subulata (L.) Barnhart]

(Zigzag Bladderwort, Tiny Bladderwort)

Native terrestrial herb.

Habitat: "Wet sandy soil" (Britton & Brown 1913).

Frequency: "Infrequent to rare on the Coastal Plain" (Brown & Brown 1984).

Heritage Rating: 1988: C (State declining). 1991: Watchlist.

Records: 3 miles NW of Gibson Island, floating in a bog 5/27/1953, E. P. Killip (US) (Stieber 1967).

Herbaria: US (Stieber 1971).

1166. Utricularia vulgaris L. Shr.481, B&B.885

(Common Bladderwort, Greater Bladderwort)

Submerged aquatic herb.

1167. Phryma leptostachya L. 1753 Shr.482, B&B.888

(Lopseed) Erect native perennial herb.

Habitat: "In moist and dry forests" (Shreve et al 1910). "Moist woods, thickets" (Niering & Olmstead 1979).

Frequency: "Rare in the Coastal Zone, and in the Lower Midland District, common in the Upper Midland District and the Mountain Zone" (Shreve et al 1910).

Records: "Infrequent along a road near Old Muddy Creek Road" (Stieber 1971).

Sightings: Bay Ridge R.R. r/w at head of Lake Ogleton (identified by D. H. Williams 1986).

Herbaria: CBC (CBC 1993). US (Stieber 1971).

136. Plantaginaceae (Plantain Family)

1168. Plantago aristata Michx. 1803. Shr.483, B&B.890

(Large-bracted Plantain)

Erect native annual or winter annual herb of western states, adventive in east. Leaves linear.

1169. Plantago lanceolata L. 1753. Shr.483, B&B.890

(Lance-leaved Plantain, English Plantain, Buckhorn Plantain, Ribgrass)

Perennial herb naturalized from Europe. Leaves lanceolate.

1170. Plantago lanceolata var. angustifolia B&B: Unlisted.

(Plantain) Herb.

Records: Hancock's Resolution (Envirens 1991).

1171. Plantago major L. 1753. Shr.483, B&B.890

(Common Plantain)

Perennial herb naturalized from Europe. Petioles green at base.

1172. Plantago rugelii Decne. 1852. Shr.483, B&B.890

(Rugel's Plantain, Pale Plantain)

Native herb. Petioles purple or crimson at base.

1173. Plantago virginica L. 1753. Shr.483, B&B.888

(Hoary Plantain, White Dwarf Plantain)

Native annual or biennial herb.

1174. Cephalanthus occidentalis L. 1753. Shr.483, B&B.297

(Common Buttonbush) Native shrub or small tree.

Habitat: "Swamps and along streams" (Robinson & Fernald 1908). "In swamps, open wet situations and along streams" (Shreve et al 1910).

Frequency: "Common in the Coastal and Midland Zones, infrequent in the Mountain Zone" (Shreve et al 1910).

Records: Vicinity Elvaton (Plitt 7/2/1904). Near St. James Church, grassy area near a ditch, near a branch of Lyons Creek 10/2/1966, Stieber 475 (LCU) (Stieber 1967). Java Farm, solitary at marshy west end of Phalaris meadow; Ivy Neck, solitary on shore of "fresh" cut-off Pond below Sand Point, Higman 175, 947 (CBC) (Higman 1977). Two county shrub-swamp stations mapped by Sipple 1978. Jug Bay Wetlands Sanctuary (Mason et al 1991). Shallow pond near bike trail at Earleigh Heights Road 2/20/1991, 4/12/1991 (Sipple 1993). Old pond site behind Millersville Post Office 12/21/1991 (Sipple 1993).

Sightings: Lake Waterford (before destruction of shoreline by County). Cattail Creek (above Rt. 2.). Hopkins Creek bottom at electric r/w. Severn Run at Dicus Mill Road. Martins Cove pond. Severn shore below Sewell Spring Branch. Shrub swamp near old Severn River bridge. Freshwater pond at Hacketts Point.

Herbaria: CBC. US & LCU (Stieber 1971).

1175. Diodia teres Walt. 1788. Shr.483, B&B.898

(Rough Buttonweed)

Much-branched native low annual herb. Leaves opposite, linear.

Herald Harbor, shaded slope 8/14/1927, E. C. & G. M. Leonard (US) (Stieber 1967). Rt. 3, S. of jct. Rt. 424, sand 7/21/1966 & 8/6/1966, Stieber 476 (LCU) (Stieber 1967). Patuxent Community Pond, pond edge 9/23/1966, Stieber 477 (LCU) (Stieber 1967). Ivy Neck, solitary on tractor trail, Scaffold Peninsula, Higman 1019 (CBC) (Higman 1977). Hancock's Resolution (Envirens 1991). Beachwood Park, Jacobsville Park (Longbottom 1991). Jug Bay Wetlands Sanctuary (Mason et al 1991).

1176. Galium aparine L. 1753. Shr.484, B&B.894

(Bedstraw, Cleavers, Catchweed)

Annual scrambling herb, probably naturalized from Europe. Square stem, sharp-bristly. 4-8 whorled leaves per node.

1177. Galium circaezans Michx. 1803. Shr.484, B&B.896

(White Wild Licorice) Upright native perennial herb.

Habitat: "Rich woods" (Robinson & Fernald 1908). "In moist and dry woods" (Shreve et al 1910).

Frequency: "Throughout the state; common" (Shreve et al 1910).

Records: Java Farm, infrequent along old entrance road, through mixed hardwood forest, Higman 777 (CBC) (Higman 1977). "Infrequent along roads west of Muddy Creek" (Stieber 1971). Jug Bay Wetlands Sanctuary 5/1/1992 (Sipple 1993).

Sightings: Chase Creek watershed (Rucker property). Martins Pond ravine. Brewer Pond watershed (Sahlin property) 8/9/1995.

Herbaria: CBC. US (Stieber 1971).

1178. Galium hispidulum Michx. Shr.484, B&B: unlisted.

(Galium bermudense L. 1753)

(Coast Bedstraw) Much-branched perennial herb.

1179. Galium obtusum Bigelow B&B.898

(Galium tinctorium L. 1753)

Britton (1901) shows the 4-parted Galium as G. tinctorium; Shreve (1910) used this reference.

(Bluntleaf Bedstraw, Stiff Marsh Bedstraw)

Erect native perennial herb. Corolla white, usually 4-lobed.

1180. Galium tinctorium L. 1753. Shr.484, B&B.896

(Galium claytoni Michx.)

(Clayton's Bedstraw, Stiff Marsh Bedstraw, Dye Bedstraw, Wild Madder)

Erect native perennial herb. Corolla greenish-white, usually 3-lobed.

Habitat: "Swamps and damp places" (As G. claytoni; Robinson & Fernald 1908). "In wet situations" (As G. claytoni; Shreve et al 1910).

Frequency: "Throughout the state; common" (As G. claytoni; Shreve et al 1910).

Records: Dorr's Corner on the Severn Run by a road 7/2/1960, N. Hotchkiss & E. C. Leonard (US) (As G. tinctorium; Stieber 1967). Three county fresh-marsh stations mapped (As G. tinctorium) by Sipple 1978. Angel's Bog (As G. tinctorium; Sipple & Klockner 1984. S&K generally used Fernald 1950 (see S&K 1980, p.65). Angels Bog 6/10/1992, 8/7/1992 (Sipple 1993).

Herbaria: US (Stieber 1971).

1181. Galium trifidum L. B&B.896

(Galium trifidum var. pusillum Gray)

(Small Bedstraw) Slender, much-branching perennial herb.

1182. Galium triflorum Michx. 1803. Shr.484, B&B.894

(Sweet-scented Bedstraw) Native perennial herb.

Habitat: "Rich woodlands" (Robinson & Fernald 1908). "Moist and dry forests" (Shreve et al 1910).

Frequency: "Throughout the state; frequent" (Shreve et al 1910).

Records: Herald Harbor, sand 8/19/1927, E. C. & G. M. Leonard (US) (Stieber 1967).

Sightings: Chase Creek watershed (Ruckers Ravine).

Herbaria: CBC (CBC 1993). US (Stieber 1971).

1183. Houstonia caerulea L. 1753 Shr.483, B&B.901

(Common Bluets, Quaker-ladies)

Small erect native herb. Flowers with orange centers.

1184. Houstonia longifolia Gaertn. 1788 Shr.483, B&B.903

(Long-leaved Bluet) Native perennial herb.

Habitat: "Rocky or gravelly ground" (Robinson & Fernald 1908). "Dry, unshaded, rocky, or gravelly soils" (Brown & Brown 1984).

Frequency: "Common throughout" (Brown & Brown 1984).

Records: Jug Bay Wetlands Sanctuary (Mason et al 1991).

1185. Houstonia purpurea L. 1753. Shr.483, B&B.903

(Mountain Houstonia, Large Houstonia, Tall Houstonia)

Erect native perennial herb.

1186. Houstonia pusilla Schoepf B&B.903

(Small Bluets, Star Violet)

Small erect, much-branched herb. Four-petaled flowers with black cross-shaped centers that have two slightly elongated tips per end.

1187. Mitchella repens L. 1753. Shr.483, B&B.297,901

(Partridge Berry, Twin-berry)

Native trailing slightly woody evergreen herb.

al 1991).