Conrad L. Young’s Wired Broadband and Related Industry Glossary of Terms with Acronyms As of 15 February 2012 Open Access This document is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial
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ApplicationsSome examples of applications of phase modulators are:
Phase Noise Rapid, short-term, random fluctuations in the phase of a wave caused by time-domain instabilities in an oscillator. (FiberOpticsInfo) Phase Shift Any device which is capable of transforming a measurable quantity of intelligence (such as sound) into relative electrical signals, e.g. a microphone. (Arris Glossary of Terms) Phase-shift Keying (PSK) 1) In digital transmission, angle modulation in which the phase of the carrier discretely varies in relation, either to a reference phase or to the phase of the immediately preceding signal element, in accordance with data being transmitted. 2) In a communications system, the representation of characters, such as bits or quaternary digits, by a shift in the phase of an electromagnetic carrier wave with respect to a reference, by an amount corresponding to the symbol being encoded. Also called biphase modulation, phase-shift signaling. (FiberOpticsInfo) Phased Array A type of antenna design that incorporates two or more elements that integrate signal information received from the spatially separate elements, and that transmit in a coordinated manner (either simultaneously or alternately). PHB Per Hop Behavior pHEMT Pseudomorphic High Electron Mobility Transistor; an III-V compound semiconductor based device in the field effect transistor (FET) category of devices. (FreeDictionary dot com) PHILA POD Host Interface License Agreement Photoconductive Losing an electrical charge on exposure to light. (FiberOpticsInfo) Photoconductive Mode A photo detector (PD) mode of operation where the PD operates with reverse bias voltage. (Zanger) Photodetector Any device which detects light, generally producing an electronic signal with intensity proportional to that of the incident light. (Arris Glossary of Terms) 
Photodetector Diagram courtesy of Fiber Optics Info, http://www.fiber-optics.info/fiber_optic_glossary/p Photodiode A semiconductor device that converts light to electrical current. Photodiodes are used for the detection of optical power and for the conversion of optical power to electrical power. (Arris Glossary of Terms) Photon A quantum of electromagnetic energy. (Arris Glossary of Terms) A particle of light. (FiberOpticsInfo) Photonic A term coined for devices that work using photons, analogous to the electronic for devices working with electrons. (FiberOpticsInfo) Photoresistor A device that exhibits a variable resistance, depending on the amount of light that strikes it. Photovoltaic Providing an electric current under the influence of light or similar radiation. (FiberOpticsInfo) Photovoltaic Mode A photo detector (PD) mode of operation where no bias voltage is applied to the PD. (Zanger) PHY Physical Layer Physical (PHY) Layer Layer 1 in the Open System Interconnection (OSI) architecture; the layer that provides services to transmit bits or groups of bits over a transmission link between open systems and which entails electrical, mechanical and handshaking procedures. Physical Media Dependent (PMD) Sublayer A sublayer of the physical layer which is concerned with transmitting bits or groups of bits over particular types of transmission link between open systems and which entails electrical, mechanical and handshaking procedures. Pico A prefix denoting one millionth of a millionth of a millionth; one trillionth (10-12). Pronounced "pie-ko." (Arris Glossary of Terms) PICS Protocol Implementation Compliance Statements PID Packet Identifier Pigtail Also referred to as a fiber pigtail. A short length of optical fiber, permanently fixed to a component, used to couple lightwave power between it and the transmission fiber. (Arris Glossary of Terms) 
Fiber-coupled laser diodes – one with pulsed LD and one with CW laser diode; photo courtesy of Laser Components, http://www.lasercomponents.com/uk/company/ PII Personal Identifiable Identification Pilot Carrier Signals on cable TV systems used to operate attenuation (gain) and frequency response (slope) compensating circuitry in amplifiers. (Arris Glossary of Terms) Pilot Signal A continuous wave (CW) signal, either modulated or unmodulated, transmitted on a network to provide control for various amplifier and monitor functions. (Arris Glossary of Terms) PIN Photodiode A diode with a large intrinsic region sandwiched between p-doped and n-doped semiconducting regions. Photons absorbed in this region create electron-hole pairs that are then separated by an electronic field, thus generating an electric current in a load circuit. (Arris Glossary of Terms) Pin Type Connector This connector is used on hard line cable. It has a pin which seizes and retains the cable center conductor. The pin then extends through the body and is retained within the equipment housing. (Arris Glossary of Terms) PING Packet Internet Grouper Picture Element One of many monochrome or color “dots” that make up a television picture. Picture Tube A cathode-ray tube used to produce an image by variation of the intensity of a scanning beam. Pixel An abbreviation of the term “picture element.” A pixel is the smallest picture element of a digital image; the smallest unit that can be displayed on a monitor. Like the fibers of a fabric, individual pixels are too small to notice, but together they make up the whole. The smaller the pixels, the higher the resolution. All images are composed of pixels. PKCROSS Public Key Cryptography for Cross-Ream Authentication PKCS Public Key Cryptography Standards PKI Public Key Infrastructure PKINIT Public Key Cryptography for Initial Authentication Plain Old Telephone Service (POTS) This term often is used to refer to analog voice telephone services provided over the public switched telephone network. Plain Text The original (unencrypted) state of a message or data. Also called cleartext. Planar Waveguide A waveguide fabricated in a flat material such as thin film. (FiberOpticsInfo) Plant A general term applied to any of the physical property of a service company which contributes to the furnishing of power or communication services. Also referred to as cable plant. (Arris Glossary of Terms) Plastic Clad Silica (PCS) Also called hard clad silica (HCS). A step-index fiber with a glass core and plastic or polymer cladding instead of glass. (FiberOpticsInfo) Plastic Fiber An optical fiber having a plastic core and plastic cladding. (FiberOpticsInfo) Plastic Optical Fiber (POF) A plastic cable used, for short distances only, as an alternative to fiber optic cable. Although plastic is not as transparent as glass, it is more malleable and less expensive. POF is a possible choice for indoor networking. Player Software program which decompresses audio and/or video files so the user can hear and/or see the video or audio file. Some examples are Real Player, Windows Media and Quick Time Player. This term is also synonymous with the term “Media Player”. (Fain) PLC Planar Lightwave Circuit; a device which incorporates a planar waveguide. (FiberOpticsInfo) Plenum The air handling space between walls, under structural floors, and above drop ceilings, which can be used to route intrabuilding cabling. (FiberOpticsInfo)
Plenum Cable A type of cable that is commonly used in forced air plenums, or ducts. Plenum cable is made of a fire-retardant material that generates little or no smoke, so that if it catches fire, it will not circulate toxic smoke through the vent system. (Arris Glossary of Terms) Plug-and-Play An Intel-developed hardware standard created to automate the setup and configuration of hardware devices connected to a computer. In theory, it allows you to “plug” a device into the computer and “play” it without going through a complicated setup process. Plug-In A plug-in refers to a set of functionality which can be added to a generic platform in order to provide interpretation of DVB registered, but non-DVB-J, application formats. For example, HTML3.2 or MHEG-5 are examples of plug-ins. Plug-in Application A plug-in application refers to an application that conforms to an application format for which a plug-in has been registered with DVB and which is only interoperable within terminals which have the appropriate plug-in resident or connected to networks where an appropriate plug-in is being broadcast. PMA Performance Monitoring Application PMD Physical Media Dependent Sublayer PMD Polarization Mode Dispersion (FiberOpticsInfo)
Public Switched Telephone Network Media Gateway PMT Program Map Table PnP Plug-n-Play Pod A collection of one or more linear video ads that play between linear video content. The ads within a pod may be interactive and of varying lengths. For long form video content, these often appear in between chapters. Also referred to as an ad pod or an ad break. (Fain) POD Point-of-Deployment Module, now called a CableCARD POF Plastic Optical Fiber Point-of-Deployment (POD) Module Now referred to as CableCARDs. See also CableCARD™. Point-of-Presence (POP) The point where the inter-exchange carrier's responsibilities for the line begin and the local exchange carrier's responsibility ends. Location of a communications carrier's switching or terminal equipment. Point-to-Point A circuit connecting two nodes only, or a configuration requiring a separate physical connection between each pair of nodes. Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) A method of transmitting TCP/IP and other networking protocols over a dial-up or WAN connection. Point-to-Point Transmission Transmission between two designated stations. (FiberOpticsInfo) 
Point-to-Point Transmission Diagram courtesy of Fiber Optics Info, http://www.fiber-optics.info/fiber_optic_glossary/p Polar Mount An antenna mount that permits all satellites in the geosynchronous arc to be scanned with movement of only one axis. (Arris Glossary of Terms) Polarization A characteristic of the electromagnetic wave. Four senses of polarization are used in satellite transmission: horizontal, vertical, right-hand circular and left-hand circular. (Arris Glossary of Terms) 
Polarization Diagram courtesy of Fiber Optics Info, http://www.fiber-optics.info/fiber_optic_glossary/p Polarization Dependent Loss (PDL) The performance of a coupler can vary slightly depending on the direction of polarization of light in the fiber. Polarization Dependent Loss (PDL) is the maximum change in the insertion loss of a coupler as the input polarization to the coupler is varied through all states of polarization (SOP). (AOFR) Polarization Maintaining Couplers (PMC) Polarization Maintaining Couplers (PMC) are made from Polarization Maintaining Fiber (PMF) and are designed to maintain the polarization state between the input and the output fibers of the coupler. The extinction ratio of a PMC is a measure of how well the polarization state is maintained and is the ratio between the slow and the fast polarization axes on an output port of the coupler. (AOFR) Polarization Maintaining Fiber Fiber designed to propagate only one polarization of light that enters it. (FiberOpticsInfo) 
Polarization Maintaining Fiber Diagram courtesy of Fiber Optics Info, http://www.fiber-optics.info/fiber_optic_glossary/p Polarization Mode Dispersion (PMD) An inherent property of all optical media caused by the difference in the propagation velocities of light in the orthogonal principal polarization states of the transmission medium. The net effect is that if an optical pulse contains both polarization components, then the different polarization components will travel at different speeds and arrive at different times, smearing the received optical signal. (FiberOpticsInfo) 
Pulse Broadening PMD Diagram courtesy of Fiber Optics Info, http://www.fiber-optics.info/fiber_optic_glossary/p Polarization Rotator A device that can be manually or automatically adjusted to select one of two orthogonal polarizations. (Satnews) PON Passive Optical Network; a broadband fiber optic access network that uses a means of sharing fiber to the home without running individual fiber optic lines from an exchange point, telco central office (CO), or a CATV headend (HE) and the subscriber’s home. (FiberOpticsInfo) POP Point-of-Presence POP3 Post Office Protocol 3 Polar Mount Antenna mechanism permitting steering in both elevation and azimuth through rotation about a single axis. While an astronomer's polar mount has its axis parallel to that of the earth, satellite earth stations utilize a modified polar mount geometry that incorporates a declination offset. (Satnews) Polar Orbit An orbit with its plane aligned in parallel with the polar axis of the earth. (Satnews) Pole Attachment When cable television systems use existing pole lines maintained by utilities, an attachment contract must be negotiated between the parties of interest. Port The physical connector on a device enabling the connection to be made. An interface on a computer configured as data terminal equipment and capable of having a modem attached for communication with a remote data terminal. (Arris Glossary of Terms) Post Office Protocol 3 (POP3) The current version of the most common protocol for receiving e-mail on a TCP/IP network. POTS Plain Old Telephone Service Power Energy per unit of time. Power Amplifier An amplifier that delivers a certain amount of alternating-current power to a load. Used in audio frequency and radio frequency applications. Power Block A means of removing the AC system powering voltage from cable segments or components where the power supply voltage is not desired or required. (Arris Glossary of Terms) PowerBoost Refers to cable modem data service down and upload speeds. Comcast's "PowerBoost" delivers bursts for all but their highest-end and lowest-end tiers, allowing subscribers to use all excess cable node capacity to speed up the first few seconds of downloads. In PowerBoost the connected subscriber’s cable modem is “uncapped” for the initial ten to fifteen seconds of a data/Internet Service Provider (ISP) download from the cable operator headend (HE)/hub to the subscriber. After the PowerBoost period the CM is throttled back to the pre-set account settings established for the subscriber. Power Cycle The act of turning the electrical power to a device off and then back on, often used to reset the device. Power Divider A device used to split the 3.7 to 4.2 GHz satellite signal to feed multiple satellite receivers. (Arris Glossary of Terms) Power Doubler Power doublers achieve improved RF output power and multi-carrier distortion over standard “push-pull” (PP) hybrid amplifiers by operating two (2) cascade PP circuits in parallel and by combining their outputs. To coherently combine the outputs, the phase paths through each half must be equal in length. This is accomplished by carefully designing an input signal splitter that drives each hybrid amplifier half with identical signals. The outputs are then recombined in a similar signal combiner. The overall gain is the sum of each individual hybrid amplifier’s gain minus the small loss in the two signal splitters. The RF output power is 3dB greater than each individual hybrid amplifier minus the loss in the output signal combiner. Power dissipation and thermal demands are increased versus standard PP hybrid amplifiers, but each optical node or line amplifier output stage employing a power doubler has at least 3dB additional RF power output capability at reduced multi-carrier distortion levels. 
Two-stage Power Doubler Schematic. Courtesy of RFMD. 
Three-stage Power Doubler Schematic. Courtesy of RFMD. Power Doubling An amplification technique where two amplifying devices are operating in parallel to gain an increase in output capability. (Arris Glossary of Terms) Power Gain An increase in signal power between one point and another. Used as a specification for power amplifiers. Power Inserter An electronic device that allows voltage to be put on a coaxial cable line so as to provide power to various amplifiers and electronic devices. (Arris Glossary of Terms) Power Pack An electronic device in an amplifier housing which converts low voltage AC to regulated DC voltages suitable for operating other modules in the housing. See also power supply. (Arris Glossary of Terms) Power Splitter A device used to split downconverter satellite signals in the 900 to 1500 MHz range to feed multiple satellite receivers. (Arris Glossary of Terms) Power Supply In cable TV, a step down AC transformer which sup-plies low voltage AC (usually 60 volts) to operate amplifiers in the sys-tem. See also power pack. (Arris Glossary of Terms) Power Transistor A semiconductor transistor designed for power-amplifier applications at audio and radio frequencies. p-p Peak-to-Peak; the algebraic difference between extreme values of a varying quantity. (FiberOpticsInfo) PPM Pulse-Position Modulation; a method of encoding data. (FiberOpticsInfo) PPP Point-to-Point Protocol PPV Pay-Per-View Preamplifier A signal amplifier located in the immediate vicinity of an off-air antenna, used to amplify extremely weak television broad-cast signals. (Arris Glossary of Terms) Predicted Grade A Contour The line representing the service area in which a good picture is computed to be available 90 percent of the time at 70 percent of the receiver locations. Signal contours determine what educational channels are carried on a cable system and, in similar markets, what stations must be carried from other small markets. Predicted Grade B Contour The concentric area marking a television station's service area in which a good analog picture is computed to be available 90 percent of the time at 50 percent of the receiver locations. Pre-emphasis Increases in the higher frequency components of an FM signal before transmission. Used in conjunction with the proper amount of de-emphasis at the receiver, it results in combating the higher noise detected in FM transmissions. (Arris Glossary of Terms) Preform The glass rod from which optical fiber is drawn. (FiberOpticsInfo) 
Preform Diagram courtesy of Fiber Optics Info, http://www.fiber-optics.info/fiber_optic_glossary/p Premium Cable Cable programming services for which subscribers pay an additional fee above the basic cable service charge. Also called Pay Cable. Presentation Engine (PE) In OCAP, the presentation engine is responsible for the appearance of information on the user interface (the display), and enables content to be displayed on a variety of devices. The PE incorporates native code that decodes text (HTML, ECMAScript) into meaningful operations, and utilizes Web-based software from the computer world, the Web browser. However, the PE has only limited ability to perform complex logic and arithmetic operations and lacks the security of the Execution Engine, which is why the EE is also required by OCAP. Pre-Shared Key A shared secret key passed to both parties in a communication flow, using an unspecified manual or out-of-band mechanism. Primary Rate Interface (PRI) An ISDN PRI is an industrial-strength ISDN telephone connection commonly used to service multiple dial-up data connections, large central switchboard “PBX” systems, and other highly-specialized needs. Each ISDN PRI has twenty-three 56 or 64Kbps B Channels and one 64Kbps D Channel. Primary Service Flow All CMs have a Primary Upstream Service Flow and a Primary Downstream Service Flow. They ensure that the CM is always manageable and they provide a default path for forwarded packets that are not classified to any other Service Flow. Prime Focus Feed A type of satellite antenna receive feed that sits at the focal point of the antenna and directs the satellite signal into a low noise amplifier (LNA) or low noise block converter (LNB). (Arris Glossary of Terms) Privacy A way to ensure that information is not disclosed to anyone other than the intended parties. Information is usually encrypted to provide confidentiality. Also known as confidentiality. Private Branch Exchange (PBX) A private switching system, either manual or dial, usually serving an organization such as a business company or a government agency and usually located on the customer's premises. Private Key The key used in public key cryptography that belongs to an individual entity and must be kept secret. Processing Gain A function of spread spectrum CDMA technology used in digital cellular; a measure of the robustness of the system; recovers the processed low power signal used to eliminate noise. Processor An active device that takes an RF input, amplifies and filters the signal and converts the signal to any cable output channel. (Arris Glossary of Terms) Profile A record stored on a computer containing the settings and preferences for each of the users sharing that computer. Profiles can be set up in Windows, as well as Netscape and other shared Internet applications, and are also used to enable security features in a program (e.g., separate e-mail profiles). Or a profile is a description of a series of minimum configurations, defined as part of the specification, providing different capabilities of the OpenCable system. A profile maps a set of functions which characterize the scope of service options. The number of profiles is small. The mapping of functions into resources and subsequently into hardware entities is out of the scope of the specification and is left to manufacturers. Profiles Video encoded at multiple bit rates. (Adams) Profile Dispersion Dispersion attributed to the variation of refractive index contrast with wavelength. (FiberOpticsInfo) Program and System Information Protocol (PSIP) A transport and data format specification formulated by the Society of Cable and Telecommunications Engineers (SCTE) to deliver Service Information to the receiver. See also Service Information. Program Map Table (PMT) This is an MPEG-2 entity that contains all of the PIDs that make up a program. Program Non-duplication Under FCC rules, a cable system must black-out the programming of a distant television station it carries when the system would duplicate a local station's programming, on the request of the local station. Program Stream In MPEG-2, a multiplex of variable-length digital video and audio packets from one or more program sources having a common time-base. Program-Specific Information (PSI) In MPEG-2, normative data necessary for the demultiplexing of Transport Streams and the successful regeneration of programs. Progressive Scan A Progressive Scan is an improved scanning format for television systems. Where a standard television uses an interlacing format (alternating lines 60 times a second, creating a full image 30 times a second) higher market televisions and digital television systems use progressive scanning in which the television scans all the lines on the television in succession, and does a full screen 60 times a second. The result is a doubling of the frame rate and drastically improved picture quality. (Glossary of Terms dot Net) Protected-Use Transponder A satellite transponder provided by the common carrier to a programmer with a built-in insurance policy If the protected-use transponder fails, the common carrier guarantees the programmer that it will switch over to another transponder, sometimes pre-empting some other non-protected programmer from the other transponder. (Satnews) Protocol The set of rules or standards which enables communication between computers on a network. In its simplest form, a protocol is the language used by two computers to transfer information. Or a set of rules and formats that determines the communication behavior of layer entities in the performance of the layer functions. Protocol Data Unit (PDU) A packet of data passed across an IP network. Provisioned Service Flow A Service Flow that has been provisioned as part of the Registration process, but has not yet been activated or admitted. It may still require an authorization exchange with a policy module or external policy server prior to admission. Provisioning A telephone company term meaning to configure. Before an ISDN line can be used, it has to be correctly provisioned to work with the ISDN equipment the customer is installing and enabled for the various options the customer has requested. Proxy A facility that indirectly provides some service or acts as a representative in delivering information, thereby eliminating the need for a host to support the service. Proxy Server A network component between a LAN and the Internet providing security, administrative control and data caching. It is also a firewall that protects the network from intrusion. ps Picosecond; one trillionth of a second or 10-12 seconds. (FiberOpticsInfo) PS Portal Services PSC Payload Service Class Table PSD Power Spectral Density is a mathematical function describing how the power of a signal, or time series, is distributed with frequency. PSD is commonly expressed in watts per hertz (W/Hz) or dBm per hertz (dBm/Hz). In the simplest mathematical terms, the PSD function may be defined as the average power, ∆P, contained in frequency bandwidth, ∆F, divided by this bandwidth, or Φ(f) = ∆P/∆F, where Φ(f) is the PSD function Thus, the PSD function represents the unit change in power per unit change in frequency, or the slope of the power curve as a function of frequency. The PSD may also be described as the mean square value (variance) or average intensity of a complex wave as a function of frequency. (Weiner) The concept of power spectra originated with radio frequency (RF) analysis in electrical engineering, in which case “power” referred to real electrical power. However, the concept can be generalized and is applicable to any waveform in which frequency is the independent variable. In the generalized form, the power spectra are more properly referred to as “variance spectra;” however, tradition has perpetuated the former nomenclature. With respect to electroencephalography, “power” represents a measure of energy content within a frequency band. A PSD curve is a plot of power on the ordinate versus frequency on the abscissa (see Figure below). (Findeiss) 
Figure. Typical PSD Curve from Electroencephalogram (EEG), Patient Awake and Quiet, courtesy of ANESTHESIA AND ANALGESIA . . . Current Researches VOL. 48, No. 6, Nov.-Dec., 1969, page 1019. PSI Program-Specific Information PSIP Program and System Information Protocol PSN Packet-switched Network PSTN Public Switched Telephone Network; a domestic telecommunications network usually accessed by telephones, key telephone systems, private branch exchange trunks, and data arrangements. (FiberOpticsInfo) PTC Positive Temperature Coefficient; current limiting device installed in Arris RMTII and Arris PowerTap to limit current flow down the drop (coax or twisted pair). This protects the subscriber and the electronic system components. (Arris Glossary of Terms) PTT Post Telephone and Telegraph Administration; Refers to operating agencies directly or indirectly controlled by governments in charge of telecommunications services in most countries of the world. (Satnews) Public Access A non-commercial channel set aside by a cable system for use by the public, on a first come first serve, non-discriminatory basis. Public Key The key used in public key cryptography that belongs to an individual entity and is distributed publicly. Other entities use this key to encrypt data to be sent to the owner of the key. Public Key Certificate A binding between an entity's public key and one or more attributes relating to its identity, also known as a digital certificate. Public Key Cryptography A procedure that uses a pair of keys, a public key and a private key, for encryption and decryption, also known as an asymmetric algorithm. A user's public key is publicly available for others to use to send a message to the owner of the key. A user's private key is kept secret and is the only key that can decrypt messages sent encrypted by the user's public key. Public Key Cryptography for Cross-Realm Authentication (PKCROSS) Utilized PKINIT for establishing the inter-realm keys and associated inter-realm policies to be applied in issuing cross-realm service tickets between realms and domains in support of Intradomain and Interdomain CMS-to-CMS signaling (CMSS). Public Key Cryptography for Initial Authentication (PKINIT) The extension to the Kerberos protocol that provides a method for using public key cryptography during initial authentication. Public Key Cryptography Standards (PKCS) Published by RSA Data Security Inc., these standards describe how to use public key cryptography in a reliable, secure and interoperable way. Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) The architecture, organization, techniques, practices, and procedures that collectively support the implementation and operation of a Certificate-based public key cryptographic system. Also a process for issuing public key certificates, which includes standards, Certification Authorities, communication between authorities and protocols for managing certification processes. Public Switched Network (PSN) 1. Any common carrier network that provides circuit switching among public users. 2. A switched network accessible to the public for originating and terminating telecommunications messages. 3. Any common carrier switched network, whether by wire or radio, including local exchange carriers, interexchange carriers, and mobile service providers that use the North American Numbering Plan in common with provision of switched services. (FiberOpticsInfo) Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN) The PSTN is the worldwide circuit-switched telephone network. Once only an analog system, telephone networks today increasingly are digital, even though most subscribers are connected via analog circuits. Or the international telephone system based on copper wires carrying analog voice data. Public Switched Telephone Network Media Gateway (PMG) A media gateway located within the backbone of the PacketCable™ network which “bridges” calls between the Internet Protocol (IP)-network and the PSTN-network. The PSTN media gateway is responsible for supporting all management interfaces to the PSTN and also supports switching system number 7 (SS7) signaling and various time-domain interface options (e.g., channelized T-1 trunks). Public Television Noncommercial television broadcasting. Pull Mode The delivery method in which a subscriber demands and receives data from the provider. Pull-Out Strength A measure of how much force is required to pull a connector off of a cable once it is installed. (Arris Glossary of Terms) Pulse A current or voltage which changes abruptly from one value to another and back to the original value in a finite length of time; a short burst of light launched into a fiber. (Arris Glossary of Terms) 
Pulse Waveform courtesy of Fiber Optics Info, http://www.fiber-optics.info/fiber_optic_glossary/p Pulse Code Modulation (PCM) The internationally accepted Codex used by telephone companies to translate between the 56 and 64Kbps digital signaling technologies and the analog signals sent across POTS telephone lines. PCM codes are seven or eight bits in size, meaning each code byte has 128 or 256 possible values. (North American POTS connections generally only use 7 bit codes.) Or a commonly employed algorithm to digitize an analog signal (such as a human voice) into a digital bit stream using simple analog to digital conversion techniques. Pulse Dispersion The dispersion of an optical signal as it propagates through an optical fiber. Also called pulse spreading. (FiberOpticsInfo) Pulse Reflection The light burst that is reflected back to the OTDR’s detector from a reflective splice, the end of the fiber segment, or any change in refractive index. (Arris Glossary of Terms) Pump Laser A power source for signal amplification, typically a 980 nm or 1480 nm laser, used in EDFA applications. (FiberOpticsInfo) Push 1) In electronic marketing, to send data to another computer without a direct request from that computer. 2) In networking, to send data from a server to a client in compliance with a previous request from the client, as soon as the data becomes available. (FiberOpticsInfo)
Push Mode A delivery method where the service provider transmits on a fixed, predictable schedule, or in response to an event such as the updating of data in the subscriber's database. Push-Pull Amplifier The push-pull circuit topology of CATV hybrid amplifiers provides up to a 6-dB reduction in second order distortion products when properly designed. Push-pull amplifiers can achieve very high gain across a wide frequency range with excellent distortion characteristics (in particular, composite second order (CSO)) at high RF output levels. High quality push-pull amplifiers are ideal for use as input stage and pre-amplifiers within state-of-the-art optical nodes and CATV plant line drivers. The best available push-pull amplifiers achieve industry-leading performance through meticulous design of hybrid splitter, inverter, amplifier, and hybrid combiner stages. High performance push-pull hybrid amplifiers may also possess die with carefully matched gain and second-order distortion characteristics. 
Courtesy of “Second-Order Distortion in CATV Push-Pull Amplifiers”, Proceedings of the IEEE, July 1970, William H. Lambert, Jerrold Electronics Corporation PUSI Payload Unit Start Indicator PVC Permanent Virtual Circuit PVR Personal Video Recorder pW Picowatt; one trillionth of a Watt or 10-12 Watts. (FiberOpticsInfo) Q: Q Switch A device which can be quickly switched between states where it causes very low or rather high losses, respectively, for a laser beam sent through it. Such devices are typically used within a laser resonator with the purpose of active Q switching the laser; this is a technique for generating short intense pulses, where the pulse duration is typically in the nanosecond range. Q switches can also be used for pulse generation with cavity dumping, but the detailed requirements on the optical switch are actually somewhat different in that case. Download 2.22 Mb. Share with your friends:
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