Construction industry course learning outcomes


history through development of clean and safe water and



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Chapter 1
history through development of clean and safe water and
sanitation systems
In a nutshell, Civil engineering is the
application of physical and scientific
principles, and its history is intricately
linked to advances in understanding of
physics and mathematics throughout
history.
Because civil engineering is a wide ranging profession, including
several separate specialized subdisciplines, its history is linked to
knowledge of structures, materials science, geography, geology,
soils, hydrology, environment, mechanics and other fields.


HISTORY OF CIVIL ENGINEERING
Ever since the dawn of civilization, man
has indulged in some form of construction
activity. Even in ancient times, man
created architectural marvels which came
to be regarded as the wonders of the
world, for example the Pyramids of Egypt,
the Great Wall of China, the Angkor
temples of Cambodia and the Tower of
Babel.
The pyramid of Giza in Egypt contains more than 2,000,000 blocks
with an average weight of about tons each. About 100,000 persons
worked on the pyramids for three to four months a year to build it in
about 20 years.
The Great Wall of China, built to provide protection against surprised
enemy raids, is about km long and its height and width at the top
varies from 5 to metres. It has several high towers placed every few
hundred meters.


HISTORY OF CIVIL ENGINEERING
In the fields of architecture and civil
engineering, construction is a process that
consists of the building or assembling of

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