The War of 1812, 1812-1815 (Textbook pages 502 through page 510)

The War of 1812, 1812-1815 (Textbook pages 502 through page 510)

1. Questions to think about:

   1. Why is the War of 1812 sometimes called America’s second war of independence?

   2. What is the meaning and importance of the phrase “America’s advantage from Europe’s distress?”

   3. What did the rise of Andrew Jackson mean for America’s long-term political future?

2. Possible essay questions:

   1. Write a history of the War of 1812 beginning with the American declaration of war.

3. Possible short answer/ID questions

   1. John Quincy Adams

   2. Andrew Jackson

   3. The Battle of Horseshoe Bend

   4. The Battle of New Orleans

   5. The Treaty of Ghent

4. Section outline

   1. Weaknesses of the combatants

   2. The War

      1. Phase 1: 1812

         1. The Land War/Canadian Border

            1. U.S. incompetence and failure

         2. The Naval War

            1. “Feel good” U.S. victories

      2. Phase 2: 1813:

         1. The Battle of Lake Erie

            1. Secures control of the northern border

      3. Phase 3: 1814/15

         1. The British 3-Pronged Offensive

            1. Down the Hudson

            2. Up the Chesapeake/Washington, D.C.

            3. Up the Mississippi/ New Orleans

         2. The Rise of Andrew Jackson

            1. Battle of Horseshoe Bend, 1814

            2. Battle of New Orleans, 1815

               1. 
                  Jackson’s smashing victory at New Orleans secures American control of the Mississippi Valley once and for all
                  
               2. 
                  The Battle of New Orleans shows that America has finally become powerful enough to assure its independence permanently
                  
               3. 
                  Jackson becomes America’s first great popular hero overnight
                  

   3. The Treaty of Ghent, 1814

      1. Status quo antebellum

         1. Agreement to end the war

         2. Agreement to resolve all outstanding questions later

            1. These issues (impressment, ship seizures) are mooted by the fact that the Napoleonic Wars are over

   4. Results of the War of 1812

      1. Andrew Jackson becomes the most wildly popular hero in American history thus far

      2. The War of 1812 is often referred to as the Second American Revolution/Second War of Independence

         1. American independence was always somewhat in doubt until the Battle of New Orleans

         2. But The Battle of New Orleans shows we are finally strong enough that we need no longer fear loss of our independence to England or France: Washington’s prophecy fulfilled

      3. The Anglo-French wars are at an end and Europe begins to focus less on the New World and more on rebuilding itself

         1. Now America, its independence assured, may turn away from European affairs and begin developing itself and its resources into a growing world power

14. The Foreign Policy Aftermath of the War of 1812, 1815-1823 (No textbook pages)

1. Questions to think about:

   1. Why, between 1815 and 1823, could the United States begin concentrating more on domestic developments than on foreign policy?

2. Possible essay questions:

   1. Write a history of the Era of Good Feelings, 1815-1824. Include both domestic developments and foreign policy developments.

3. Possible short answer/ID questions

   1. The Anglo-American Convention of 1818

   2. The Rush–Bagot Treaty

   3. The Adams-Onis (Transcontinental) Treaty

   4. The Monroe Doctrine

4. 
   
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