The Alexandria Digital Library. U.C. Santa Barbara. 10 June 1998.
Ascott, Roy. “On Networking.” Leonardo. 21.3 (1988): 231-232.
- - - . “Network Art.” Planet News. 36 (1980).
Ascott, Roy, and Carl Loeffler. “Chronology and Working Survey of Select
Telecommunication Activity.” Leonardo. 24.2 (1991): 236-240.
Avatar. Paar Enterprises.
“Avatar.” Longman Concise English Dictionary. Avon, U.K.: Bath, 1985.
“Avatar.” Oxford English Dictionary. New York: Oxford, 1990
“Avatar.” Random House Dictionary. New York: Random House, 1994.
“Avatar.” Webster’s New Dictionary. Cleveland: Webster’s New World, 1991.
“Avatara.” Harper's Dictionary of Hinduism : Its Mythology, Folklore,
Philosophy, Literature, and History. San Francisco: Harper and Row, 1977.
Benjamin, Walter. Illuminations. Ed. Hannah Arendt. Trans. Harry Zohn. New
York: Harcourt, Brace and World, 1968.
Berners-Lee, Tim. Weaving the Web: The Original Design and Ultimate Destiny of
the World Wide Web by Its Inventor. San Francisco: Harper SanFrancisco,
1999.
Besser, Howard. “Leondardo Sued!.” Intellectual Property and New Info
Technology.
Blume, Eugen. “On the Verge of Departure from Lager 1.” Deep Storage:
Collecting, Storing, and Archiving Art. Eds. Ingrid Schaffner and Matthias
Winzen. Munich: Prestel-Verlag, 1998. 262-264.
Bohm, David. “On Creativity.” Leonardo. 1.2 (1968): 137-149.
Borges, Jorge Luis. “The Library of Babel.” Ficciones. Trans. Anthony Kerrigan.
New York: Grove, 1962.
Bourdon, David. “Andy’s Dish.” Catalogue Essay. Raid the Icebox 1 with Andy
Warhol. Providence Museum of Art, Rhode Island School of Design. 1970.
Brockman, John. The Third Culture: Beyond the Scientific Revolution. New York:
Simon & Schuster, 1995.
Brooks, Michael. “Global Brain.” 30 May 2000.
Burnham, Jack. “Notes on Art and Information Processing.” Catalogue Essay.
Software: Information Technology: Its New Meaning for Art. Los Angeles,
The Jewish Museum. 1970.
Bush, Vannevar. “As We May Think.” 1945. Electronic Culture: Technology and
Visual Representation. Ed. Timothy Druckrey. New York: Aperture, 1996.
Cage, John. Foreward. One Week From Monday. Middleton: Wesleyan UP, 1967. ix
Callon, M., and J. Law. “Agency and the Hybrid Collectif.” The South Atlantic
Quarterly. 94.2 (1995): 481-507.
Canfora, Luciano. The Vanished Library: A Wonder of the Ancient World. Trans. Martin Ryle. Hellenistic Culture and Society 7. Berkeley: U.of California P.,
1990.
“Celera Genomics Completes Sequencing Phase of the Genome from One Human
Being.” Press Release Page. PE Corporation. 7 April 2000.
Cimons, Marlene, and Peter Jacobs. “Biotech Battlefield: Profits vs. Public.” The
Los Angeles Times. 21 February, 1999: A16.
Clynes, Manfred E., and Nathan S. Klinem. “Cyborgs and Space.” 1960. The
Cyborg Handbook. Ed. Chris Hables Gray. New York: Routledge, 1995:
29-59.
Curtis, Pavel. Mudding: Social Phenomena in Text-Based Virtual Realities. 1992.
Proceedings of the Conference on Directions and Implications of Advanced
Computing.
- - - . “Not Just a Game: How LamdaMOO Came to Exist and What It Did to Get
Back at Me.” High Wired: On the Design, Use, and Theory of Educational
MOOs. Eds. Cynthia Haynes and Jan Rune Holmevick. Ann Arbor:
Michigan UP, 1998.
Daniel, Sharon. “Collaborative Systems: Evolving Databases and the ‘Conditions of
Possibility’: Artificial Life Models of Agency in On-Line Interactive Art.”
Database Aesthetics: Issues of Organisation and Category in Art. Ed.
Victoria Vesna. Spec. issue of Artificial Intelligence and Society 14.2 (2000):
196-213.
Drashansky, T., et al. “Networked Agents for Scientific Computing.”
Communications of the Association for Computing Machinery (ACM). 42.3
(1999): 48-52, 54.
Duberman, Martin. Black Mountain: An Exploration in Community. New York:
Dutton, 1972.
Edmonson, Amy C. A Fuller Explanation: The Synergetic Geometry of R.
Buckminster Fuller. Boston: Birkhauser, 1987.
Eiesenberg, Anne. “Find Me a File, Catch Me a Catch.” New York Times.
10 February 2000: D1.
Engelbart, Douglas. “A Conceptual Framework for the Augmentation of Man’s
Intellect.” Information Handling: First Principles. Ed. Paul Howerton.
Washington D. C.: Spartan, 1963.
Farmer, F. Randall. “Social Dimensions of Habitat’s Citizenry: Electric
Communities.” 11 May 1997.
Frankel, Vera. The Body Missing Project. 6 September 1998.
< http://www.yorku.ca/bodymissing/intro.html>
Fuller, R. Buckminster. Critical Path. New York: St. Martin’s, 1981.
- - - . Letter to Kenneth Snelson. 22 December 1949. The Buckminster Fuller
Institute Archives. Stanford U. (Note: At time of access, this letter was
located at the Buckminster Fuller Institute, Santa Barbara, CA.)
- - -. Letter to Kenneth Snelson. 22 December 1980. The Buckminster Fuller Institute
Archives. Stanford U. (Note: at time of access, this letter was located at the
Buckminster Fuller Institute, Santa Barbara, CA)
- - . Oregon Lecture #9. 12 July 1962. Synergetics Dictionary. The Mind of Buckminster Fuller. 4 Vol. Ed. E. J. Applewhite. New York: Garland, 1986.
- - - . Utopia or Oblivion. New York: Bantam, 1969.
Gibson, William. Neuromancer. New York: Ace, 1983.
Goldstine Herman H. The Computer From Pascal to von Neumann. 1972.
Princeton: Princeton UP, 1993.
Green, Ronald M. “I, Clone.” Scientific American. 23 November 1999.
G-Tech (Graphco Technologies, Inc.). Webmaster David Baldwin. 1 June 2000.
Hafner, Katie. “Picture This.” Newsweek. 24 June 1996: 88-89.
Haake, Hans. Public lecture at the Annual Meeting of the Intersocietal Color Council.
April 1968. Quoted in Jack Burnham, “Real Time Systems,” _Artforum_ 8:1
(Sep 1969): 52.
Haraway, Donna J. “Deanimations: Maps and Portraits of Life Itself.” Picturing
Science, Producing Art. Eds. Caroline A. Jones and Peter. Galison. New
York: Routledge, 1998.
Hargittai, I. “A Fuller Bridge.” Leonardo. 29.4 (1996): 336.
Harris, Craig, ed. Art and Innovation: The Xerox Parc Artist- in-Residence Program.
Cambridge: MIT UP, 1999.
Hatori, Fumino, and Takeshi Ohguro. “Socialware: Multiagent Systems for
Supporting Network Communities.” Communications of the Association of
Computing Machinery (ACM). 42.3 (1999): 55-61.
Hayles, Katherine. How We Became Posthuman: Virtual Bodies in Cybernetics,
Literature, and Informatics. Chicago: U. of Chicago P., 1999.
Hertz, Garnet. Interview with Billy Kluver. The Godfather of Technology and Art.
19 April 1995.
Heylighten, F. “The Global Superorganism and Its Global Brain.” 1 March 1998.
Hunt, Lynn. “The Mighty Mouse.” Computerworld. 10 May 1999: 84.
Ingber, Donald. “The Architecture of Life.” Scientific American. 278.1 (1998):
48-57.
Kac, Eduardo. “Aspects of the Aesthetics of Telecommunications.” SIGGRAPH
Visual Proceedings. New York: ACM, 1992.
- - - . “Ornitorrinco and Rara Avis: Telepresence Art on the Internet.” Leonardo.
29.5 (1996): 389-400.
- - - . “Time Capsule.” Database Aesthetics: Issues of Organisation and Category in
Art. Ed. Victoria Vesna. Spec. issue of Artificial Intelligence and Society
14.2 (2000): 243-249.
Kahle, Brewster. “Archiving the Internet.” Scientific American. 4 November 1996.
Kaprow, Allan. Essays on the Blurring of Art and Life. Ed. Jeff Kelley. Berkeley:
U of California P, 1993.
- - - . “The Legacy of Jackson Pollock.” Art News. 57.6 (1958): 24-26, 55-57.
Kearns, Michael, C. Isbell, D. Kormann, S. Singh, and P. Stone. “Cobot in
LambdaMOO: A Social Statistics Agent.”
< http://www.research.att.com/~mkearns/papers/cobot.pdf>
Kleinrock, Leonard. “Information Flow in Large Communication Nets.”
RLE Quarterly Progress Report. (1961).
- - - . Realizing the Informational Future: The Internet and Beyond. Washington D. C.: National Academy of Sciences, 1994.
KR+cF. 1997-January 2000.
Kroto, H. W., et al. “C60: Buckminsterfullerene.” Nature. 14 November 1985: 162-166.
Kultermann, Udo. Art and Life. Trans. John William Gabriel. New York: Praeger,
1971.
Large, P. “Terminal Consciousness.” The Guardian. 9 October 1980.
Lash, Alex. “Corbis Reaches Out to the Masses.” The Standard: Intelligence for the
Internet Economy. 28 November 1998.
<
Laurel, Brenda. The Art of Human-Computer Interface Design. New York:
Addison-Wesley, 1990.
Licklider, J. C. R. “Man-Computer Symbiosis.” IRE Transactions of Human
Factors in Electronics. Vol. HFE-1 (1960): 4-11.
Lippard, Lucy R. Six Years: The Dematerialization of the Art Object from 1966 to
1972: A Cross-Reference Book on Some Esethetic Boundaries. 1973.
Berkeley: U of California P, 1997.
Maes, Pattie, et al. “Agents that Buy and Sell.” Communications of the Association
for Computing Machinery (ACM). 42.3 (1999): 79-85, 86-87, 90-91.
“A Map Maker of Molecules.” The Boston Globe. 19 October 1982.
Maturana, Humberto R., and Francisco J. Varela. Autopoieses and Cognition.
Dordecht, Holland: D. Reidel, 1980.
Maudlin, Michael L. “Chatterbots, TinyMUDs, and the Turing Test: Entering the
Loebner Prize Competition.” The Twelfth National Conference on Artificial
Intelligence. American Association for Artificial Intelligence. Seattle,
Washington. 1-4 August 1994.
Meadow, Mark, and Bruce Robertson. “Microcosms: Objects of Knowledge.”
Database Aesthetics: Issues of Organisation and Category in Art. Ed.
Victoria Vesna. Spec. issue of Artificial Intelligence and Society 14.2
(2000): 223-229.
McAllister, J. and B. Weil. “The Museum Under Analysis.” Catalogue Essay. The
Desire of the Museum. New York, Whitney Museum of American Art. 1989.
McLuhan, Marshall. The Gutenberg Galaxy: The Making of Typographic Man.
Toronto: Toronto UP, 1962.
McLuhan, Marshall, and Quentin Fiore. The Medium is the Message. New York:
Random House, 1967.
Merleau-Ponty, Maurice. The Phenomenology of Perception. Trans. Colin Smith.
New York: Humanities, 1962.
Mongrel.
Murray, Janet H. Hamlet on the Holodeck: The Future of Narrative in Cyberspace.
New York: The Free Press, 1997.
Nelson, Theodore. Computer Lib/Dream Machines. Sausalito, California: Mindful,
1974.
- - - . “A File Structure for the Complex, the Changing, and the Indeterminate.” The
Association for Computing Machinery Conference. Proceedings of the ACM
Twentieth National Conference, Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, 1965.
- - - . “The Hypertext.” Conference of The World Documentation Federation.
Proceedings of the ACM 20th national conference. 1965.
- - - . “Today’s Horrible Computer World: A Work in Progress.” Professorial
Homepage of Ted Nelson. 12 August 1997.
- - - . “Xanalogical Media: Needed Now More Than Ever.” Project Xanadu.
12 August 1997.
Nass, Clifford, and Byron Reese. The Media Equation: How People Treat
Computers, Television, and New Media as Real People and Places.
Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 1996.
Nideffer, Robert. “Manufacturing Agency: Relationally Structuring Community
In-Formation.” Database Aesthetics: Issues of Organisation and Category
in Art. Ed. Victoria Vesna. Spec. issue of Artificial Intelligence and Society
14.2 (2000): 184-195.
NINCH: National Initiative for a Networked Cultural Heritage. Ed. David Green.
2 February 1998. < http://www-ninch.cni.org/ninch.html>
Popper, Frank. Art of the Electronic Age. London: Thames and Hudson, 1993.
Rappaport, Richard. “In His Image.” Wired. 11 November 1996. 6 February 1998.
Rheingold, Howard. Virtual Community: Homesteading on the Electronic Frontier.
Reading: Addison-Wesley, 1993.
Rose, Barbara. “Hans Hamuth’s Photograph and the Jackson Pollock Myth: Part I:
Media Impact and the Failure of Criticism.” Arts Magazine. 53.7 (1979):
112-116.
Rothman, Peter. Personal Interview. Personal Interview. 31 December 1996.
®TMark. March 1998-May 2000.
Russell, Stuart Jonathan, and Peter Norvig. Artificial Intelligence: A Modern
Approach. New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, 1994.
Sanford, Mariellen R., ed. Happenings and Other Acts. London: Routledge, 1995.
Schaffner, Ingrid, and Matthias Winzen, eds. Deep Storage: Collecting, Storing, and
Archiving Art. Munich: Prestel-Verlag, 1998.
Shannon, Claude E., and Warren Weaver. The Mathematical Theory of
Communication. Urbana: U of Illinois P, 1963.
Schimmel, Paul, ed. Out of Actions: Between Performance and the Object
1949-1979. New York: Thames and Hudson, 1998.
Schechner, R. “Extensions in Time and Space.” Happenings and Other Acts.
Ed. Mariellen R. Sanford. London: Routledge, 1995.
Schanken, Edward. “Art in the Information Age: Technology and Conceptual Art.”
Invisible College: Reconsidering ‘Conceptual Art.’ Ed. Michael Corris.
Cambridge: Cambridge UP, forthcoming 2001.
SIGGRAPH ’92. 26-31 July 1992. Chicago, Illinois. Exhibition Proceedings
Catalogue.
Sloman, Aaron. “What Sort of Control System is Able to Have Personality?”
Creating Personalities for Synthetic Actors: Toward Autonomous Personality
Agents. Eds. R. Trappl and Pl Petta. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1997.
166-208.
Sloman, Aaron, and Brian. Logan. “Building Cognitively Rich Agents Using the
Sim_Agent Tool Kit.” Communications of the Association for Computing
Machinery (ACM). 42.3 (1999): 71-73,75,76-77.
Small, Peter. “Magical Web Avatars: The Sorcery of Biotelemorphic Cells.” 1997.
Smith, J. “Andy Warhol.” Deep Storage: Collecting, Storing, and Archiving Art.
Eds. Ingrid Schaffner and Matthius Winzen. Munich: Prestel-Verlag, 1998.
278-281.
Smith, Owen. F. “Fluxus: A Brief History.” Catalogue Essay. The Spirit of Fluxus.
Mineapolis, Walker Art Center. Feb 14-June 16, 1993.
Snelson, Kenneth. Letter to Buckminster Fuller. 31 December 1979. The
Buckminster Fuller Institute Archives. Stanford U. (Note: At time of access,
this letter was located at the Buckminster Fuller Institute, Santa Barbara, CA.)
- - - . “Chapter 5.” Not in My Lifetime. 7 May 1998.
Snow, C. P. The Two Cultures. London: Cambridge UP, 1993.
Srivastava, Anil. The India Group: Across World Communications, Inc. 8 June 1998.
Stafford, Barbara Marie. Body Criticism: Imagining the Unseen in Enlightenment Art
and Medicine. Cambridge: MIT UP, 1991.
Stelarc. Obsolete Body. Web Master Gary Zebington. June 1997-May 2000.
Stiles, Kristine. “Uncorrupted Joy: International Art Actions.” Out of Actions:
Between Performance and the Object 1949-1979. Ed. Paul Schimmel. New
York: Thames and Hudson, 1998.
Stephenson, Neal. Snow Crash. New York: Bantam, 1993.
Suda, Tatsuya, and Mike Wang. “Bio-Networking Architecture.” 5 June 2000.
Suler, John. The Psychology of Cyberspace. Septermber 1996.
< http://www.rider.edu/users/suler/psycyber/index.html>
Supple, Curt. “5 Americans Share Nobels for Science: New Structures Found in
Chemistry, Physics.” The Washington Post. 10 October 1996: A3.
TerraServer. Microsoft Network. 3 June 1998.
Turing, Alan. “Computing Machinery and Intelligence.” 1950. The Mind’s I:
Fantasies and Reflections on Self and Soul. Eds. Douglas R. Hofstadter and
Daniel C. Dennett. New York: Basic, 1981.
Turkle, Sherry. Life on the Screen: Identity in the Age of the Internet. New York:
Simon and Schuster, 1995.
Vallee, Jacques. The Network Revolution: Confessions of a Computer Scientist.
Berkeley: And/Or, 1982.
Varela, Francisco J. “The Emergent Self.” The Third Culture. Ed. John Brockman.
New York: Simon and Schuster, 1995: 209-222.
Varela, Francisco J., Evan Thompson, and Eleanor Rosch. The Embodied Mind:
Cognitive Science and Human Experience. Cambridge, MIT UP, 1991.
Vesna, Victoria. “Ars Electronica.” Fleshfactor: InformationsmaschineMench.
Vienna: Springer, 1997: 168-180.
The Visible Human Project. The National Library of Medicine. 3 June 1997.
Waldby, Catherine. The Visible Human Project: Informatic Bodies and Posthuman
Medicine. New York: Routledge, 2000.
The Well. 6 March 1997.
Wells, H.G. World Brain. Freeport, NY: Books for Libraries, 1938.
Wiener, Norbert. The Human Use of Human Beings: Cybernetics and Society.
New York: Doubleday, 1954.
Wilcox, Susan. “Bringing ‘Behaviors’ to VRML: Making Sense of the Avatar
Debate.” Netscape World. January 1997:
avatar.html>
Zakon, Robert H’obbes. Hobbes’ Internet Timeline. 3 February 1997.
Zimmer, Carl. “Buckyballs from Space.” Discover Magazine. 17.8 (1996): 30.
1 This was evident in the 1999 exhibition, net condition, organised by Peter Weibel at the ZKM, in which close to one hundred artists working on the Net participated. For more information on the exhibition see: http://www.zkm.de.
2John Brockman, editor of a book of essays entitled, “ The Third Culture,” negates Snow’s optimistic prediction that a day will come when literary intellectuals will communicate effectively with scientists. Instead he makes the claim that the contemporary scientists are the third culture and alludes that there is no need for trying to establish communication between scientists and literary intellectuals, who he calls the “middlemen.” (Brockman, John. The Third Culture: Beyond the Scientific Revolution. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1995).
3 Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA) of the U.S. Department of Defense, laid the groundwork for what became the ARPANET in 1967 and, much later, the Internet. See: http://www.computerhistory.org/exhibits/internet_history/index.page
4
The Anagrammatical Body: The Body and Its Medial Construction at the ZKM|Zentrum für Kunst und Medientechnologie. See: http://www.zkm.de
5 The Vision Ruhr exhibition is at the Zeche Zellern II/IV Coal Mine. See: http://www.vision-ruhr.de
6 For more on Black Mountain College, see Duberman, Martin. 1972. Black Mountain: An Exploration in Community. New York: E.P. Dutton & Co.
7 For an excellent resource on Fluxus, see In the Spirit of Fluxus Exhibition Catalogue. Walker Art Center, Minneapolis, 1993. Distributed by New York: D.A.P. (Distributed Art Publishers).
8 Ono’s Cut Piece had implications on subsequent performance artists working with their bodies, such as Marina Abramovic, Ana Mendieta, and Gina Pane, and anticipated the work of Chris Burden and Vito Acconci.
9 Yves Klein’s infamous Leap into the Void, 1960, Photomontage by Harry Shunk, serves as a powerful metaphor for the creative act. The fictionalised photograph had an extraordinary impact on performance artists in the 1970’s, frequently involving self-endangering the body.
10 For an excellent paper on the connection between conceptual art and technology, see Edward A. Schanken, “Art in the Information Age: Technology and Conceptual Art” forthcoming in Michael Corris, ed., Invisible College: Reconsidering “Conceptual Art,” Cambridge UP, 2001 .
11 Nine Evenings, see Billy Kluver, “Theatre and Engineering: An Experiment, Notes by an Engineer”. Artforum V, February 1967. Pg. 31-34.
12 For more on EAT., see the EAT. Film Series that can be purchased from EAT Incorporated, 69 Appletree Row. Berkeley Heights, New Jersey. 07922; also see: E.A.T. News 1, nos. 1-4, vol.2, No. 1, published between January 15, 1967 and March 18, 1968.
13 The word telematique was coined by Simon Nora and Alain Minc in L’Informatisation de la societe (Paris: La Documentation Francaise, 1980, pg. 2)
14 For an excellent account of Moholy Nagy’s work in relation to emergence of telematic arts, see Kac, Eduardo. “Aspects of the Aesthetics of Telecommunications.” SIGGRAPH Visual Proceedings. New York: ACM, 1992.
15 I will use the term telecommunications as defined by Roy Ascott and Carl Loeffler, who define it as electronic transmission of information through computer networks, radio, slow-scan video, telephone, television, and satellites (Ascott, Loeffler, 236).
16 Kit Galloway and Sherrie Rabinowitz have created many projects over the years, and are still active in Santa Monica, California, from their Electronic Café, established in 1989 to promote interactive events called tele-poetry, tele-theatre, tele-dance and various other experiments for linking in real time. The Electronic Cafe is still a vital operation and has venues around the world. For more information, see http://www.e-cafe.com.
17 I gained this information from Roy Ascott in a conversation with him; I inquired if he had any experience with MUDs and MOOs, to which he replied that he had no knowledge of them at the time that he was working on this project.
18 For a psychosocial analysis of role-playing in the MUDs, see Turkle, Sherry. Life on the Screen: Identity in the Age of the Internet. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1995.
A more popular rendition is Howard Rheingold’s Virtual Community: Homesteading on the Electronic Frontier. Reading: Addison-Wesley, 1993.
19 David Blair’s Wax Web is one of the very few examples of an art piece that uses film databasing in relation to MOO space. See: http://jefferson.village.virginia.edu/wax/
20 Robert Nideffer and I have been working together on the development of the Information Personae agent that will take on different forms, depending on the context.
21 In 1951, a provisional body was created called the “Conseil Européen pour la Recherche Nucléaire” (CERN). In 1953 the Council decided to build a central laboratory near Geneva. At that time, pure physics research concentrated on understanding the insides of the atom, hence the word “nuclear.” As ratified by the parliaments of the member states, the convention specifies that the laboratory is officially called the “Organisation européenne pour la recherche nucléaire” or “European Organization for Nuclear Research.” However, the name of the Council stuck to the organization, which is why we are referred to in the literature as simply “CERN.” See: http://cern.web.cern.ch/CERN/CERNName.html.
22 I participated in net_condition with ZKM Bodies. During the installation on site, I had an opportunity to talk to Peter Weibel, who discussed with me his motivations behind the exhibition.
23 See WebStalker at http://www.backspace.org/iod.
24 Heath Bunting emerged from the 1980s committed to building open/ democratic communication systems and social contexts. He came from the street up, passing through and often revisiting performance, intervention, pirate radio, fax/ mail art and BBS systems to become an active participant in the explosion of the internet. See: http://www.irrational.org/cgi-bin/cv.pl?member=heath.
25Mongrel introduce themselves on the net condition site: “Mongrel is a mixed bunch of people and machines working to celebrate the methods of an 'ignorant' and 'filthy' London street culture. We make socially engaged cultural product employing any and all technological advantage that we can lay our hands on. We have dedicated ourselves to learning technological methods of engagement, which means we pride ourselves on our ability to programme, engineer and build our own software and custom hardware. The Core Members are Matsuko Yokokoji, Richard Pierre-Davis and Harwood.” See: http://on1.zkm.de/netCondition.root/netcondition/projects/project40/bio_e.
26 Knowbotic Research (KR+cF), Yvonne Wilhelm, Alexander Tuchacek, Christian Huebler, is based in Cologne, Academy for Media Arts. With the partners of Westbank Industries and Tactile Technology KR+cF has founded Mem_brane, a laboratory for media strategies.
27Ken Goldberg is Associate Professor of Industrial Engineering and Operations Research (IEOR), with secondary appointment in Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS) at UC Berkeley. See: http://www.ieor.Berkeley.edu/~goldberg/.
28 For more information on Ornitorrinco in Copacabana, see: http://www.ekac.org/ornitorrincoM.html.
29Veered Science was curated by Marilu Knode for the Huntington Beach Art Center, CA. Artists in the exhibition included Colette Gaiter, Michael Joaquin Grey, Tim Hawkinson, Laurel Katz, davidkremers, Joseph Nechvatal, David Nyzio, Alan Rath, Pauline Sanchez, Joseph Santorama, Rodney Sappington, Rachel Slowinski ad Jesse Cantley, Christine Tamblyn and Gail Wight.
30 I first intended to act as lurker/voyeur, and randomly capture snippets of conversations in the chat rooms as they occurred, but then decided that names of the rooms themselves were far more seductive than the rather mundane and predictable conversations occurring within them. I was also shocked to find some nine thousand rooms at one site dedicated to sex chats.
31 Les Fox, who recently finished his studies at UCSB, had experience with concrete building and helped develop a method for bonding the prints to the concrete. The material was sponsored by the David Bermant foundation.
32 Harry Bowers, a photographer, professor and director of Cactus Research and Development in New York sponsored the large electrostatic prints.
33 For instance: Sherry and Bliss; Rods Annex; The Kinky Friends of Latex-Loving Laura; Wife-Watcher’s Special; Trial-Fuck (for Beginners); Rick’s American Bar – As time goes by…; sweet, sweet bedroom of sex; The Dark Side Desert Lounge; Aimee’s – Ladies Only – But guys welcome to lurk!!!; Puddles Playpen; I’m wet and need mommy…etc.
34Kenneth Fields, also known as GustavJava and kf.0e, composed the audio that was triggered by the sensors. Jan Plass programmed the aiff file in Director.
35CU-SeeME, developed at Cornell University allows live video to be received in a small screen format at 24 frames per second on a regular Mac and PC with a standard modem and telephone line.
36 The camera was a constant source of technical problems, many of which had to do with the use of public reflector sites. Normally, people who use reflectors like to log on and continue working while the camera silently watches, or one may stumble onto some mundane conversations colored by the excitement of communicating in this way, but not really saying much. Many sites are simply rooms or signs that for some reason someone feels compelled to project to the outside world. So, it came as a surprise that having a window to an art project was actually considered an interruption and misuse of space. For example, one of our favorite sites was at the University of Hawaii because it was never crowded and we were able to keep an uninterrupted signal for long periods of time. We would log on and “park” Virtual Concrete, much to the dismay of the local systems administrator who was utterly perplexed by the repeated appearance of concrete in space. The administrator took it upon himself to police not only his site, but also every other site that we tried to log on to. As soon as he noticed Virtual Concrete appearing on a public reflector, he would quickly notify the other system administrators in order to warn them about the ubiquitous concrete “living up to its name,” becoming, as he put it, “dead weight.” Our usage of these public reflector sites for more formalized “exhibition” purposes brings up interesting issues yet to be defined, particularly those related to surveillance of “dead” spaces and/or seemingly mundane daily situations.
37The Common Gateway Interface, or CGI, is a standard for external gateway programs to interface with information servers such as HTTP servers. A plain HTML document that the Web daemon retrieves is static, which means it exists in a constant state: a text file that doesn't change. A CGI program, on the other hand, is executed in real-time, so that it can output dynamic information. See: http://hoohoo.ncsa.uiuc.edu/cgi/overview.html.
38 I interviewed Peter Rothman on December 31, 1996 at MetaTools INC. in
Carpinteria, California. His company, DIVE, was acquired by MetaTools, and he is
currently the Director of Research & Development.
39 MediaMOO, see: http://www.cc/gatech.edu/fac/Amy.Bruckman/MediaMOO. To connect to MediaMOO from a UNIX host telnet: mediamoo.cc.gatech.edu 8888 - From a VMS host, type: telnet mediamoo.cc.gatech.edu /port=8888
40 Avatar III - the Crypt, see: http://wwwavatar.co.uk/.
41 I interviewed Rose on May 29, 1997. In RL (real life), she works in a social security office.
42 For an example of a “code of conduct” in an online game, see: http://games.world.co.uk/code_of_conduct.html.
43 For extensive research on Time Warner’s GMUK, see: “The Psychology of Cyberspace.” http://www1.rider.edu/~suler/psycyber.
44The Palace, see: http://www.thepalace.com/welcome/index.html
45 Sharon Daniel, takes the idea of “Database Aesthetics” and unpacks it wonderfully:
Directory: publicationspublications -> Acm word Template for sig sitepublications -> Preparation of Papers for ieee transactions on medical imagingpublications -> Adjih, C., Georgiadis, L., Jacquet, P., & Szpankowski, W. (2006). Multicast tree structure and the power lawpublications -> Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (eth) Zurich Computer Engineering and Networks Laboratorypublications -> Quantitative skillspublications -> Multi-core cpu and gpu implementation of Discrete Periodic Radon Transform and Its Inversepublications -> List of Publications Department of Mechanical Engineering ucek, jntu kakinadapublications -> 1. 2 Authority 1 3 Planning Area 1publications -> Sa michelson, 2011: Impact of Sea-Spray on the Atmospheric Surface Layer. Bound. Layer Meteor., 140 ( 3 ), 361-381, doi: 10. 1007/s10546-011-9617-1, issn: Jun-14, ids: 807TW, sep 2011 Bao, jw, cw fairall, sa michelson
Share with your friends: |