ID: 1617 Au: Guevara, L. Teresa; Fortoul, Edgar. Ti: More about the study of floor-plan shape influence on buildings' response to earthquakes

Au: Guevara, L. Teresa; Fortoul, Edgar.

Ti: More about the study of floor-plan shape influence on buildings' response to earthquakes.

So: In: Ambeh, William B. ed. Proceedings of the Caribbean conference on natural hazards: volcanoes, earthquakes, windstorm, floods. Kingston, University of the West Indies. Seismic Research Unit, Jul. 1994. 329-38.

Co: Natural hazards: volcanoes, earthquakes, windstorms, floods; St. Anns, 11-15, Oct.1993.

Lo: UWI, Science Library.

Au: Shepherd, John B; Tanner, J. G; Prockter, L.

Ti: Revised estimates of the levels of ground acceleration and velocity with 10 probability of exceedance in any 50-year period for the Trinidad and Tobago region.

So: In: Ambeh, William B. ed. Proceedings of the Caribbean conference on natural hazards: volcanoes, earthquakes, windstorm, floods. Kingston, University of the West Indies. Seismic Research Unit, Jul. 1994. 165-75.

Co: Natural hazards: volcanoes, earthquakes, windstorms, floods; St. Anns, 11-15, Oct.1993.

Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library.

Au: Robertson, Richard E. A.

Ti: Risk assessment of the Soufriere Volcano, St. Vincent, W.I.

So: In: Ambeh, William B. ed. Proceedings of the Caribbean conference on natural hazards: volcanoes, earthquakes, windstorm, floods. Kingston, University of the West Indies. Seismic Research Unit, July 1994. 230-45.

Co: Natural hazards: volcanoes, earthquakes, windstorms, floods; St. Anns, 11-15, Oct.1993.

Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library.

Au: Key, David.

Ti: Seismic design codes: philosophy, application and effectiveness.

So: In: Ambeh, William B. ed. Proceedings of the Caribbean conference on natural hazards: volcanoes, earthquakes, windstorm, floods. Kingston, University of the West Indies. Seismic Research Unit, Jul. 1994. 273-82

Co: Natural hazards: volcanoes, earthquakes, windstorms, floods; St.Anns, 11-15, Oct.1993.

Ab: The multi-level philosophy applied in typical seismic design codes and its implications are described. The principal areas of concern are ground motion estimates, selection of structure modification factors, infill, live load, soil structure interaction, capacity design, structural concepts and education and awareness. Brief outlines of four seismic structural codes are given- UBC91, Eurocode 8, NZS 4203:1992 and CUBiC.

Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library.

ID: 1621

Au: Wightman, A; chin, B. G; Henderson, P. W.

Ti: Seismic risk mitigation designs for two East Caribbean infrastructure projects.

So: In: Ambeh, William B. ed. Proceedings of the Caribbean conference on natural hazards: volcanoes, earthquakes, windstorm, floods. Kingston, University of the West Indies. Seismic Research Unit, Jul. 1994. 311-28.

Co: Natural hazards: volcanoes, earthquakes, windstorms, floods; St. Anns, 11-15, Oct.1993.

Lo: UWI, Science Library.

Au: Bungum, Hilmar.

Ti: Seismic source evaluation, strong motion attenuation and soil reponse in Central America.

So: In: Ambeh, William B. ed. Proceedings of the Caribbean conference on natural hazards: volcanoes, earthquakes, windstorm, floods. Kingston, University of the West Indies. Seismic Research Unit, Jul. 1994. 113-21.

Co: Natural hazards: volcanoes, earthquakes, windstorms, floods; St. Anns, 11-15, Oct.1993.

Ab: A project of seismological coorperation has been established between seismological and geotechnical institutions in Norway and six Central American countries. The project, has included work concerned with seismic source evaluation, strong-motion data, seismic wave attenuation, soil response effects, regional seismic hazard, and site-specific hazard. This technical coorperation has been promoted through exchange of personnel both ways research tasks. The present paper provides some of the organizational background, some technical results, and a brief discussion of future plans.

Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library.
ID: 1623

Au: Gomez, Luis Odonel.

Ti: Seismicity and seismic hazard in the Dominican Republic.

So: In: Ambeh, William B. ed. Proceedings of the Caribbean conference on natural hazards: volcanoes, earthquakes, windstorm, floods. Kingston, University of the West Indies. Seismic Research Unit, Jul. 1994. 56-64.

Co: Natural hazards: volcanoes, earthquakes, windstorms, floods; St. Anns, 11-15, Oct.1993.

Ab: The Dominican Republic occupies two-third of the island of Hispaniola which is located in the Caribbean-North American plate boundary zone. In the past 500 years, the island has been shaken by large earthquakes, the most recent occurring in 1946 and causing widespread destruction. Since the establishment of a telemetred seismic network in 1979, a great amount of microseismic activity has been detected in the north coast area. The Dominican Republic, with an area of 48,000 km2 and a population of seven million people, is one of the countries with the highest seismic risk in the Caribbean.

Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library.
ID: 1624

Au: Smith, Douglas L; Ambeh, William B; Bartoloni, Tony J; Lord, Kenneth M.

Ti: Significance of Caribbean and regional earthquake events in the determination of seismic attenuation and hazard assessment in Florida.

So: In: Ambeh, William B. ed. Proceedings of the Caribbean conference on natural hazards: volcanoes, earthquakes, windstorm, floods. Kingston, University of the West Indies. Seismic Research Unit, Jul. 1994. 94-9.

Co: Natural hazards: volcanoes, earthquakes, windstorms, floods; St. Anns, 11-15, Oct.1993.

Ab: More than seventy-five percent of seismic events recorded by the by the University of Florida Seismic network (UFL) originate in the circum-Caribbean tectonic region. The proximity of the Florida Plateau to the tectonic features in the circum-Caribbean region demands that earthquake events from the region be incorporated in assessment of seismic hazard for Florida. Data from the recently completed 6-station network, as well as extensive review from record archives from station GAI, have yielded preliminary models of seismic attenuation for the Florida Plateau. Ground motion measurements from more that twenty events originating from the aribbean, Central and South America yield an attenuation coefficient approaching 0.22deg-1.

Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library.
ID: 1625

Au: Osborne, Robin W. A.

Ti: Small unengineered buildings: factors affecting their resistance to earthquake and wind forces.

So: In: Ambeh, William B. ed. Proceedings of the Caribbean conference on natural hazards: volcanoes, earthquakes, windstorm, floods. Kingston, University of the West Indies. Seismic Research Unit, Jul. 1994. 358-64.

Co: Natural hazards: volcanoes, earthquakes, windstorms, floods; St. Anns, 11-15, Oct.1993.

Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library.

Au: Doser, Diane I; VanDusen, Shelley R.

Ti: Source processes of large (M6.5) earthquakes of the southern Caribbean (1926-60).

So: In: Ambeh, William B. ed. Proceedings of the Caribbean conference on natural hazards: volcanoes, earthquakes, windstorm, floods. Kingston, University of the West Indies. Seismic Research Unit, Jul. 1994. 12-8.

Co: Natural hazards: volcanoes, earthquakes, windstorms, floods; St. Anns, 11-15, Oct.1993.

Ab: Body form inversion studies have been conducted for 13 earthquakes of magnitude 6.5 that has occurred between 1926 and 1960 in the southeastern Caribbean, an area extending from Barbuda, Lesser Antilles, to Cumana, Venezuela. A goal of this research is to provide a better understanding of the long-term spatial and temporal patterns of seismicity and deformation within the region. The results suggests that six shallow (focal depth of 1 to 30 km) earthquake studied reflect intraplate deformation. Shallow events in eastern Venezuela show predominantly right-lateral strike-slip motion, while an event west of Trinidad shows normal faulting. An event in the Barbados trough exhibits right lateral strike-slip faulting. Moderate depth events (40-70 km) show normal faulting at 44km depth. Intermediate depth events (70 km) show left-lateral strike-slip motion beneath the Paria peninsula. A mixture of normal and strike-slip faulting, generally along trends oblique to the arc, is found within the Lesser Antilles.

Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library.
ID: 1627

Au: Rosales, Vanessa.

So: In: Ambeh, William B. ed. Proceedings of the Caribbean conference on natural hazards: volcanoes, earthquakes, windstorm, floods. Kingston, University of the West Indies. Seismic Research Unit, Jul. 1994. 339-44.

Co: Natural hazards: volcanoes, earthquakes, windstorms, floods; St. Anns, 11-15, Oct.1993.

Ab: The importance of hospitals as essential facilities that are required to function during and immediately after an earthquake is presented with a description of some of the methodologies that may be used for structural and functional vulnerability assessment, including a short reference on the energy method. General recommendations that may be kept in consideration for the design of this type of building is proposed.

Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library.
ID: 1628

Au: Ramnanan, H.

Ti: The annual variability of tropical cyclone activity in the North Atlantic - Caribbean Sea - Gulf of Mexico Basin.

So: In: Ambeh, William B. ed. Proceedings of the Caribbean conference on natural hazards: volcanoes, earthquakes, windstorm, floods. Kingston, University of the West Indies. Seismic Research Unit, Jul. 1994. 261-70.

Co: Natural hazards: volcanoes, earthquakes, windstorms, floods; St. Anns, 11-5, Oct.1993.

Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library.

Au: Clarke, R. P; Sharma, A. K.

Ti: The seismic retrofitting of local clay block walls: research in progress.

So: In: Ambeh, William B. ed. Proceedings of the Caribbean conference on natural hazards: volcanoes, earthquakes, windstorm, floods. Kingston, University of the West Indies. Seismic Research Unit, Jul. 1994. 345-57.

Co: Natural hazards: volcanoes, earthquakes, windstorms, floods; St. Anns, 11-15, Oct.1993.

Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library.

Au: Wiggins Grandison, Margaret D.

Ti: The earthquake of January 13, 1993, and its implication for earthquake hazard in eastern Jamaica.

So: In: Ambeh, William B. ed. Proceedings of the Caribbean Conference on Natural Hazards: Volcanoes, Earthquakes, Windstorm, Floods. Kingston, University of the West Indies. Seismic Research Unit, Jul. 1994. 65-76.

Co: Natural hazards: volcanoes, earthquakes, windstorms, floods; St.Anns, 11-15, Oct.1993.

Ab: On January 13, 1993, an earthquake of duration magnitude 5.4 and maximum Modified Mercalli Intensity VII occurred in eastern Jamaica. The hypocentre was 15 km underneath the rural community of Woodford, the southern Wagwater Belt. The latter is fault-bounded, narrow, uplifted, northwest tending trough, separating the Liguanea plains to the south, from the Blue Mountains to the northeast. The seismic activity of the Wagwater Belt was known from numerous small earthquakes recorded by the Jamaica Network of Seismograph Stations over the past thirty years. However, January 13 earthquake was the first earthquake of this size confirmed as having originated in the belt. Hence, it was also seen as the first indication that the Wagwater Belt may be a source zone for larger Jamaican earthquakes. First motion data indicate reverse faulting with a left-lateral strike-slip component. This is consistent with the view of Mann et al. (1985) that the Wagwater Belt is a push-up restraining bend. Further more the earthquake appears to have originated on a buried fault, which is not featured on current geological maps of the island. However a fault having the same trend was mapped by Mately (1951) and more recently, it appears on maps by Mann and Burke (1990). With the January 1993 event new knowledge about the earthquake potential of land based Jamaican faults has been gained. This has serious implications for earthquake risks in eastern Jamaica, particularly since Jamaica's capital city, Kingston, the island's seat of government and commerce, and home of 800,000, is seated on the Liguanea Plain. Further hazard assessment were made with the belief that faults such as the Orient Fracture Zone, the Northern Caribbean Plate Boundary which lies some 100km off Jamaica's north coasts, posed the major threat to Kingston, due to the amplification of far source seismic waves in the alluvial sediments. It now seems plausible that the historic incidence of twenty damaging earthquakes per century reported by Shepherd (1971) could be the result of seismic activity on Jamaica itself.

Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library.
ID: 1631

Au: Carby, Barbara E.

Ti: The effect of the January 13,1993, earthquake on the Mona Campus, UWI: The case for a earthquake vulnerability reduction programme.

So: In: Ambeh, William B. ed. Proceedings of the Caribbean conference on natural hazards: volcanoes, earthquakes, windstorm, floods. Kingston, University of the West Indies. Seismic Research Unit, Jul. 1994. 381-8.

Co: Natural hazards: volcanoes, earthquakes, windstorms, floods; St. Anns, 11-15, Oct.1993.

Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library.

Au: Opadeyi, Jacob.

Ti: The use of GIS as disaster preparedness and response tool.

So: In: Ambeh, William B. ed. Proceedings of the Caribbean conference on natural hazards: volcanoes, earthquakes, windstorm, floods. Kingston, University of the West Indies. Seismic Research Unit, Jul. 1994. 389-94.

Co: Natural hazards: volcanoes, earthquakes, windstorms, floods; St. Anns, 11-15, Oct.1993.

Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library.

Au: Key, David.

Ti: Uncertainty in the design of earthquake resistant structures.

So: In: Ambeh, William B. ed. Proceedings of the Caribbean conference on natural hazards: volcanoes, earthquakes, windstorm, floods. Kingston, University of the West Indies. Seismic Research Unit, Jul. 1994. 304-10.

Co: Natural hazards: volcanoes, earthquakes, windstorms, floods; St. Anns, 11-15, Oct.1993.

Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library.

Au: Potter, Robert B; Dann, Graham M. S.

Ti: Some observations concerning postmodernity and sustainable development in the Caribbean.

So: Caribbean Geography; 5(2):92-101, Sept.1994.

Co: Issues in Caribbean Sustainable Development Part 1; San Francisco, Mar./Apr.1995.

Ab: It is argued that the region faces two major threats. The first is the possible impact of climate change, especially when juxtaposed with increasing demographic and residential pressures. The second involves the likely influences of globalization and conditions of postmodernity in the Caribbean. Some has suggested that postmodernity has little relevance in a context where nations are still striving to 'modernize'. However the present paper argues that this position overlooks the fact that the Caribbean plays host to thousands of first world tourists and multinational companies, many of which are associated with post modernity. Although postmodernism may in certain respects be seen as the liberating force associated with small-scale developments, it is argued that in the case of the Caribbean, its influence is largely to be interpreted in term of late capitalism. As such it may result in a further era of external control, exploitation and neocolonialism, and one which threatens to have major effects on the degree to which environmental sustainability and sustainable development are achievable in the Caribbean region.

Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library.
ID: 1635

Au: Bardados. Caribbean Disaster and Emergency Response Agency

Ti: Can your house understand a cyclone impact?

So: Caribbean Disaster News; ( 2) : 6, Jan. – Jun. 1993.

Lo: Jamaica, Manchester Parish Library
ID: 1636

Au: Barbados. Caribbean Disaster and Emergency Response Agency

Ti: Information technology regional disaster management

So: Caribbean Disaster News; (2): 9 -10, Jan. – Jun. 1993.

Lo: Jamaica, Manchester Parish Library
ID: 1637

Au: Martinez, Ricardo Perez.

Ti: Information for disaster reduction in Latin America and the Caribbean.

So: Stop Disasters; 22 :11-2, Nov.-Dec. 1994.

Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library.

ID: 1638

Au: Botterell, Art.

Ti: Into the infomation age: a letter from the frontier.

So: Stop Disasters; 22 :13-4, Nov.-Dec. 1994.

Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library.
ID: 1639

Au: Mulleady, Tomas.

Ti: Environmental impact of present land use: the Rio Cobre watershed case study.

So: Kingston; IICA/GTZ; Dec. 1994.

Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library.
ID: 1640

Au: White, Sharon.

Ti: Negril environmental awareness survey.

Pub: s.l; s.n; 1995. 90.

Lo: Jamaica, Natural Resources Conservation Authority.
ID: 1641

Ti: Policy workshop for a soil erosion control strategy.

Pub: Kingston; s.n.; 1995.

Co: Policy Workshop for a Soil Erosion Control Strategy; Kingston, 13, Jun. 1995.

Lo: Jamaica, Natural Resources Conservation Authority.
ID: 1642

Au: Robertson, Richard E. A.

Ti: An assessment of the risk from future eruptions of the Soufriere Volcano of St. Vincent, West Indies.

So: Natural Hazards; 11(2):163-91, Mar. 1995.

Ab: The Soufriere volcano is a 1220 m high stratovolcano which occupies the northern part of the island of St. Vincent. It is one of the most active centres of volcanism in the Caribbean and has a record of activity dating back to the Pleistocene. Historic eruptions (since 1718) have caused over 1600 deaths and resulted in damage to property valued in excess of 4.8 million USD. In addition, current development plans for the area point towards increased risk of disastrous consequences from future activity at the volcano. All aspects of risk relevant to the volcano, are discussed, with particular emphasis on the manner in which these are perceived and on the question of acceptable risk. A method is presented for use in risk assessment of volcanic hazard and a number of risk zones are defined for the Soufriere volcano. Numerical estimates of the relative loss expected within each zone are obtained from a consideration of the value of the property at risk, its vulnerability to the hazardous volcanic events and the expected spatial impact of volcanic events. Such estimates suggest that the northern-most third of the island is at least ten times more at risk than areas further south. The likelihood of death and destruction is extreme in such high-risk areas, while the most feasible method of loss reduction is evacuation before an eruption occurs.

Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library.

Au: Barbados. Caribbean Disaster and Emergency Response Agency

Ti: Hurricane Andrew

So: Caribbean Disaster News; (2): 14, Jan. – Jun. 1993.

Lo: Jamaica, Manchester Parish Library
ID: 1644

Au: Molin Valdes, Helena.

Ti: Expanding women's participation in disaster prevention and mitigation, some approaches from Latin America and the Caribbean.

So: Stop Disasters; 24: 10-1, 1995.

Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library.
ID: 1645

Au: Thompson, Paul; Good, James.

Ti: How international organizations can support local training.

So: Stop Disasters; 26(4):12, 1995.

Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library.
ID: 1646

Au: Sammy, George K; Singh, Naresh C; Julian, Karen; Sweeney, Incent.

Ti: Industrial wastewater management in the Caribbean region.

So: Industry and Environment; 18(2-3):88-92, April-September 1995.

Ab: This article addresses the current status of industrial wastewater management in the Caribbean region and looks towards future developments. It draws heavily on the recent UNDP/CARICOM Regional Sewage Disposal Studies Project. The type of wastewater produced in 13 groups of industries are described, along with efforts aimed at waste recycling, reduction, reuse and treatment.

Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library.

Au: Mansingh, Ajai; Wilson, Arlene.

Ti: Insecticide contamination of Jamaican environment III. Baseline studies on the status of insecticidal pollution of Kingston Harbour.

So: Marine Pollution Bulletin; 30(10):640-5, Oct. 1995.

Ab: Kingston Harbour, a 50 km2 bay connected to the Caribbean sea only through a 3.5 km channel, is contaminated with residues of at least seven insecticides, which are introduced by the Rio Cobre. Weekly sampling of the Harbour for a month in July 1992 revealed the following maximum and mean residue levels in water (uglk-1) and sediments (ng g-1; data in parentheses), respectively; a-endosulphan, 8.56 and 2.18 (1 and 0.52); B-endosulphan, 15.7 and 7.86 (0.76 and 0.4); endosulphan sulphate, 0.0003 and 0.0003 (O); p,p'-DDT, 7 and 7 (0.04 and 0.35); dieldrin, 3.75 and 1.88 (0.001 and 0.001); aldrin, O (36.7 and 9.2); endrin, 0.93 and 0.26 (0.006 and 0.006); lindane, 0 (0.8 and 0.5); and diazinon, 0.1 and 0.05 (0.007 and 0.045). Oysters and fish were also contaminated with a-endosulphan, diazinon and aldrin.

Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library.

Au: Opadeyi, Jacob.

Ti: Requirements analysis for developing a national GIS infrastructure for Trinidad and Tobago.

So: West Indian Journal of Engineering; 18(1):25-32, 1995.

Ab: Geographic Information Systems (GIS) provide a better storage and distribution mechanism for spatial data than the classical hardcopy map, hence, the growing increase in the demand for a national or corporate approach to its development. A national GIS will serve the spatial data needs of several public and private agencies to meet their various land management activities. The development of a national GIS, however, hinges on the existence and continual maintenance of three basic infrastructure elements: data, technology and institutions. This paper analyses elements of this infrastructure vis-a-vis requirements for the establishment of a national GIS in Trinidad and Tobago.

Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library.

Au: Mattioli, Glen S; Jansma, Pamela E; Jaramillo, Lorna; Smith, Alan L.

Ti: Sector collapse in island arc volcanoes: a digital topographic and bathymetric investigation of the Qualibou Depression, St. Lucia, Lesser Antilles.

So: Caribbean Journal of Science; 31(3-4):163-73, Dec. 1995.

Ab: The emerging consensus is that sector collapse is an important process in the evolution of volcanoes. In most documented cases, the topographic features now interpreted as the result of gravity-induced collapse were previously interpreted as the result of either explosive eruption or caldera collapse. To date, however, only a few studies have investigated this phenomenon in island arcs. In this study, we use published 1:25,000 scale topographic quadrangle maps and unpublished bathymetric data to derive a digital elevation model (DEM) of the onshore and offshore portions of the Qualibou depression, St. Lucia in the Lesser Antillean island arc, to evaluate quantitatively the morphological and topographic characteristics of a structure that has been attributed to both sector collapse and caldera collapse. The angular shape of the depression, the steep offshore submarine slope, and the length-to-width ratio derived from the DEM are more consistent with a sector collapse than a caldera collapse. The Qualibou depression opens toward the backarc similarly to other postulated sector collapse features in the Lesser Antillean island arc, suggesting possible links among growth of the volcanic edifice, evolution of the back-arc, and orientation of subduction.

Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library.

Au: Robertson, Richard E. A; Ambeh, William B; Lynch, Lloyd L.

Ti: Strategic planning for volcanic emergencies in the Commonwealth Eastern Caribbean.

So: Caribbean Geography; 6(2):77-96, 1995.

Ab: The essential elements of an overall strategy for emergency management of volcanoes, incorporating preparedness, evacuation management and post-eruption activities, is outlined in an attempt to guide the process of implementing loss reduction measures for future volcanic eruptions. An outline of alert procedures to be followed at all stages of an impending emergency and; the essential components of a volcano evacuation plan are also presented. Finally, a number of issues pertinent to the development of volcanic emergency plans are discussed.

Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library.

Au: Crawford, James A.

Ti: The effects of Hurricane Allen at Discovery Bay, Jamaica, and a post-hurricane survey of the living hermatypic corals.

So: Caribbean Journal of Science; 31(3-4):237-42, Dec. 1995.

Ab: This report contributes new data on storm-induce coral damage on a Caribbean reef. data collected from pre-hurricane photographic transects of the coral cover on the West Fore Reef (WFR) of Discovery Bay were compared to post-hurricane data to determine the extent of storm damage to hermatypic corals. Pre-hurricane transects were conducted in 1979 and 1980. Post-hurricane transects conducted in 1981 showed considerable changes in the coral cover and composition as a result of Hurricane Allen. Coral cover in the Palmata Zone declined by 93.7 percent. The Mixed Zone, dominated by boulder corals, decreased 84.7 percent in coral cover and the Cervicornis Zone experienced a decrease of 78.9 percentage. The average horizontal coral cover on the reef, as viewed from overhead, decreased from 63.4 +-12 percent to 11.1 +- 3 percent. Acropora cervicornis and A. palmata incurred the most damage, experiencing almost 100 percent and 98 percent destruction, respectively. Montastrea annularis, Porites astreoides, Siderastrea siderea and Millepora complanata seemed more resistant to storm damage. After the hurricane, Montastrea annularis was the most abundant species, with an average coral cover of 7.6 +- 2 percent, down from 13.2 +- 4 percent prior to the hurricane. Results show that branching corals are more prone to storm damage than round, boulder corals, and the greatest destruction occurred in the shallow fore reef. Other reports on storm-induced coral damage are discussed.

Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library.

Au: Lohman, Ernst J. A; Haidar Nahla.

Ti: Training for disaster reduction at universities.

So: Stop Disasters; 26(4):5-11, 1995.

Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library.
ID: 1653

Au: de Ville de Goyet, Claude.

Ti: Training for disaster reduction in Latin America and the Caribbean.

So: Stop Disasters; 26(4):13-4, 1995.

Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library.
ID: 1654

Au: Carby, Barbara E; Ahmad, Rafi.

Ti: Vulnerability of roads and water systems to hydro-geological hazards in Jamaica.

So: Built Environment; 21(2-3):145-53, 1995.

Ab: Case histories show that Jamaica's roads and water supplies are at risk not only due to the physical conditions of the island but also to the absence of an integrated approach to planning and development control, inadequate mitigation measures and a lack of proper data collection on the effects of natural hazards. What is needed is a national plan for hazard management based on prevention and mitigation.

Lo: Costa Rico, Regional Disaster Information Center for Latin America and the Caribbean; UWI, Mona, Science Library;

Au: Clarke, Yvonne.

Ti: Women and children: the key to disaster prevention in Jamaica.

So: Stop Disasters; 24: 8, 1995.

Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library.
ID: 1656

Au: Conrad Douglas and Associates.

Ti: Alternative sites for the disposal of dredged spoil from Kingston Harbour: study commissioned by Port Authority of Jamaica.

Pub: Kingston; Conrad Douglas and Associates; 1995. 44.

Lo: Jamaica, Natural Resources Conservation Authority.
ID: 1657

Au: Jamaica. Natural Resources Conservation Authority.

Ti: Ambient air quality management seminar for Jamaica.

Pub: Gainesville; KBN Engineering; 1995.

Lo: Jamaica, Natural Resources Conservation Authority.
ID: 1658

Au: Wright, Matthew G.

Ti: An economic analysis of coral reef protection in Negril, Jamaica.

Pub: Kingston; UWICED; 1995. 45.

Lo: Jamaica, Natural Resources Conservation Authority.
ID: 1659

Au: Trinidad and Tobago. Department of Civil Engineering.

Ti: Basic principles of hurricane resistant housing for the Caribbean. information booklet.

So: St. Agustine; Department of Civil Engineering, University of the West Indies; 1995.

Lo: St. Lucia., Hunter J. Francois Library.
ID: 1660

Au: Jamaica. Natural Resources Conservation.

Ti: Beach policy: a policy for the use of the foreshore and the floor of the sea.

So: Kingston; Natural Resources Conservation Authority; 1995. 26

Lo: Jamaica, Natural Resources Conservation Authority.
ID: 1661

Au: Jamaica. Natural Resources Conservation Authority.

Ti: Coral reef protection and preservation policy and regulation.

So: Kingston; NRCA; 1995. 24.

Lo: Jamaica, Natural Resources Conservation Authority.
ID: 1662

Au: Bosch León, Raúl.

Ti: Disminución de las inundaciones por penetración del mar: tramo II del Malecón de calle J a calle 10, Vedado, Ciudad de La Habana.

So: Ciudad de La Habana; Empresa de Investigaciones y Proyectos Hidráulicos; 1995.

Co: Forum Nacional de Ciencia y Tícnica, 10; Ciudad de La Habana, 1995.

Ab: Se plantea que las inundaciones que se producen en las zonas aledañas al Malecón de Ciudad de La Habana, producidas por las penetraciones del mar que tienen lugar por la ocurrencia de ciclones, frentes fríos u otros eventos meteorológicos, ocurren principalmente por el sobrepaso de las olas sobre el muro del Malecón y en menor medida, por la penetración del agua a través de los drenes pluviales existentes en el tramo. Se exponen los resultados de los estudios realizados en modelos de laboratorio para determinar los caudales de agua para diferentes alturas de las y se propone para la evacuación parcial del sobrepaso la construcción de pluviorreceptores con sobre elevación de calles o barreras definitivas, incluyendo los muros necesarios en la acera sur del Malecón. Estas obras permitirán la remoción del 64 porciento del volúmen de agua que sobrepase el muro.

Lo: Cuba, Latin American Centre for Disaster Medicine.
ID: 1663

Au: Gibbs, Tony.

Ti: Natural hazards? -yes. natural disaster? -no. natural hazards in the Caribbean, the construction industry and the economic impact.

So: In: Griffith, Mark D. ed.; Persaud, Bishnodat. ed. Economic Policy and the Environment: The Caribbean Experience. Kingston, UWI Centre for Environment and Development, 1995. 243-47.

Co: Seminar on Economic Policy and the Environment; 27, Oct. 1995.

Ab: The paper examines the economic impact of natural hazards on the construction industry in the Caribbeana. The paper argues that the construction industry embraces all activities which shape our man-made physical environment. By extension, the construction industry has an important role to play in mitigating losses due to natural hazards such as earthquakes and hurricanes. It supports the concept of a Caribbean Uniform Building Code, which would lead to a significant change in the strategies of designers. It also touches on the influence of the insurance industry on the security of buildings against hurricanes and earthquakes.

Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library.

ID: 1664

Au: Collymore, Jeremy McA.

Ti: Disaster mitigation and cost-benefit analysis: conceptual perspectives.

So: In: Barker, David. ed; McGregor, Duncan F. M. ed. Environment and development in the Caribbean: geographical perspectives. Kingston, The Press (University of the West Indies), 1995. 111-23.

Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library.

ID: 1665

Au: Maharaj, RusseLl J.

Ti: Evaluating landslide hazard for land use planning: upper St. Andrew, Jamaica.

So: In: Barker, David. ed; McGregor, Duncan F. M. ed. Environment and development in the Caribbean: geographical perspectives. Kingston, The Press (University of the West Indies), 1995. 170- 86.

Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library.
ID: 1666

Au: Ahmad, Rafi.

Ti: Landslides in Jamaica: extent, significance and geological zonation.

So: In: Barker, David. ed; McGregor, Duncan F. M. ed. Environment and development in the Caribbean: geographical perspectives. Kingston, The Press (University of the West Indies), 1995. 147-69.

Ab: This paper reviews the extent and significance of landslides in Jamaica and presents an analysis of landslide phenomena. A geological zonation of landslides is proposed for the purposes of landslide loss reduction.

Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library.

Au: McGregor, Duncan F. M.

Ti: Soil erosion, environmental change and development in the Caribbean: a deepening crisis.

So: In: Barker, David. ed; McGregor, Duncan F. M. ed. Environment and Development in the Caribbean: geographical perspectives. Kingston, The Press (University of the West Indies), 1995. 189-208.

Ab: This paper illustrates the present-day context of soil erosion in the Caribbean through consideration of studies of soil erosion in Jamaica. The potential influences of climate change on the extent and importance of soil erosion, and hence on land degradation is discussed, and possible scenarios outlined.

Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library.

Au: Reading, Alison J; Walsh, Rory P. D.

Ti: Tropical cyclone activity within the Caribbean Basin since 1500.

So: In: Barker, David. ed; McGregor, Duncan F. M. ed. Environment and Development in the Caribbean: geographical perspectives. Kingston, The Press (University of the West Indies), 1995. 124-46.

Ab: This paper examines the physical exposure, reflecting the magnitude and timing of events, highlighting changes in cyclone tracks, frequencies and intensities for subregions within the Caribbean Basin. It then attempts tentatively to relate some of the identified changes over the past four centuries to changes in the atmospheric and oceanic circulation.

Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library.

Au: ITW-Ingeneurberatung GmbH.

Ti: Environmental impact assessment of a new sanitary landfill site.

Pub:Castries; CARICOM/GTZ-Environmental Health Improvement Project; 1995.

Lo: St. Lucia, St. Lucia Solid Waste Management.

ID: 1670

Au: Conrad Douglas and Associates.

Ti: Environmental monitoring of the dredging of Kingston Harbour.

Pub: Kingston; Conrad Douglas and Associates; 1995.

Lo: Jamaica, Natural Resources Conservation Authority.
ID: 1671

Au: University of the West Indies. Centre for Nuclear Sciences

Ti: Geochemical atlas of Jamaica.

Pub: Kingston; Centre for Nuclear Sciences; 1995. 82.

Lo: Jamaica, Natural Resources Conservation Authority; UWI, Mona, Science Library.
ID: 1672

Au: Maharaj, Russell J.

Ti: The performance of some coastal engineering structures for shore stabilization and coastal defense in Trinidad, W.I.

So: In: Maud, Julian G. ed. Geohazards and engineering geology (International Hazard Assessment, Mitigation and Remediation): Proceedings. London, Geological Society of London, 1995. 101-10.

Co: 31st Annual Conference; Coventry University, 10-14, Sept. 1995.

Ab: Coastal erosion in Trinidad has caused the loss of land and subsequent damage to many coastal engineering structures. Damage includes roadway failures, loss of agricultural land, coastal flooding and damage to property. In many areas, structural engineering measures have been implemented to prevent these events from recurring. An example of erosion and structural measures used in a segment of rapidly eroding coastline along the east coast of the island is presented. The site is part of a coastal section of the largest wetland on the island, the Nariva Swamp, through which drains the largest river system, the Nariva River. Structural measures used include steel sheet piled revetment, reinforced steel concrete retaining walls, gabion basket retaining structures, boulder splash aprons, a steel reinforced concrete pile cluster, concrete columns and blocks and boulder rip-rap. All these show signs of structural failure, some of which have already collapsed. Failures include spalling and cracking of concrete; rebar corrosion; steel pile corrosion; foundation settlement under retaining walls and structures, with subsequent surfical cracking; basal foundation sediment scour and undermining; wave and fluvial induced removal of rip-rap and splash apron boulders and seasonal burial and sedimentation of the splash apron and concrete pile cluster. Based on this study, it appears that construction-induced high energy conditions and oversights in design and construction were partly responsible for failures.

Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library.

ID: 1673

Au: Jamaica. Natural Resources Conservation Authority.

Ti: Guidelines for conducting environmental impact assessment.

Pub: Kingtston; NRCA; 1995.

Lo: Jamaica, Natural Resources Conservation Authority.
ID: 1674

Au: Coke, Michelle.

Ti: Integrated coastal zone management seminar: report on seminar.

Pub: Kingston; NRCA; 1995. 102.

Co: NRCA Integrated Coastal Zone Management Seminar; Kingston, 16, Dec. 1994.

Lo: Jamaica, Natural Resources Conservation Authority.

Ti: Mangrove and coastal wetlands protection.

So: Kingston; Jamaica.Natural Resources Conservation Authority. Coastal Zone Management Division; 1995. 46.

Lo: Jamaica, Natural Resources Conservation Authority.

Au: Caribbean Meteorological Institute.

Ti: Monthly weather summary (part A 1995).

Pub: St. James; Caribbean Meteological Institute; 1995.

Lo: UWI, Science Library.
ID: 1677

Au: Anon.

Ti: National guide for disaster preparedness.

Pub: Castries; ISIS; 1995.

Lo: St. Lucia, Hunter J. Francois Library.
ID: 1678

Au: Phillip-Jordan, Cheryl.

Ti: Natural hazard at Portmore, Jamaica: historical analysis and vulerability.

Pub: Kingston; University of the West Indies; 1995. 361.

Th: Submitted to University of the West Indies (Mona) presented for the degree M.Sc.

Lo: UWI, Mona, Main Library.

Au: Halcrow & Partners Ltd.

Ti: New sanitary landfill for St. Lucia: report on site investigation at Deglos and Choc.

Pub:Castries; Ministry of Planning development and Environment, Government of St. Lucia; 1995.

Lo: St. Lucia, St. Lucia Solid Waste Management.
ID: 1680

Au: Schwab, Arnold. ed.

Ti: Pesticides in tropical agriculture: hazards and alternatives.

Pub: Weikersheim; Margraf; 1995. 281.

Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library.

ID: 1681

Au: Spring, Anita.

Ti: Project on human activities and environmental contaminants in the lower Black River Morass: final report, social and policy section.

So: Miami; s.n; 1995.

Lo: Jamaica, Natural Resources Conservation Authority.
ID: 1682

Au: Jamaica. Underground Water Authority.

Ti: Rio Cobre flood plain mapping: Gordon Pen to Hunts Bay Reach.

Pub: Kingston; United Nations Development Programme; 1995. 20.

Lo: Jamaica, Natural Resources Conservation Authority.

ID: 1683

Au: Organization of American States.

Ti: Storm hazard assessment for Montego Bay, Jamaica.

Pub: s.l; s.n; 1995. 57.

Lo: Jamaica, Natural Resources Conservation Authority.

ID: 1684

Au: Robinson, Ralph. ed; Reichgelt, Han. ed.

Ti: The natural environment - preservation and

exploration: proceedings.

Pub: Kingston; University of the West Indies. Faculty of Natural Sciences; 1995. 52.

Co: 2^nd Conference of the Faculty of Natural Sciences,U.W.I.(Mona); Kingston, 7-9, Mar. 1995.

Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library.

Au: Amarakoon, A; Chen, A. A; Lodenquai, J; McTavish, J; Ray, A; Taylor M.

Ti: Exploring El Nino and flood conditions in Jamaica.

So: In: Robinson, Ralph. ed; Reichgelt, Han. ed. The natural environment - preservation and exploration:proceedings. Kingston, University of the West Indies. Faculty of Natural Sciences, 1995.

Co: 2^nd Conference of the Faculty of Natural Sciences,U.W.I.(Mona); Kingston, 7-9, Mar. 1995.

Ab: A significant correlation has been established between the occurrence of El Nino events and flood conditions in the month of May in Jamaica. An investigation is being carried out to see if there is a physical relationship between the two events. The primary tool for the investigation is an atmospheric general circulation model provided by the Center for Ocean, Land Atmospheric studies and run on the convex mini-super computer. By simulating the general circulation of the atmosphere and following the climatic events in time, it should be possible to determine if a causal relationship exists and, if so, a set of parameters, which can be used as statistical predictors, will be sought. This paper will give results of preliminary runs.

Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library.

ID: 1686

Au: Miller, David J; Donovan, Stephen K.

Ti: Late Pleistocene rocky shoreline palaeoenvironments of the North Coast of Jamaica.

So: In: Robinson, Ralph. ed; Reichgelt, Han. ed. The natural environment - preservation and exploration:proceedings. Kingston, University of the West Indies. Faculty of Natural Sciences, 1995. p.6

Co: 2^nd Conference of the Faculty of Natural Sciences, U.W.I. (Mona); Kingston, 7-9, Mar. 1995.

Ab: Ancient rock shores (palaeorupicosts) are poorly known from the rock record, even though up to 80 percent of modern coastlines are estimated to be rocky. Only a few examples of palaeorupicosts have been reported from the Antillean region, despite the relative importance of coastlines and coastal environments for small islands. However, ancient rocky shores are probably well represented in the region, but have yet to receive adequate documentation. The present study is a description and interpretation of selected localities of ancient rocky, karstic shores of late Quaternary age exposed along the north coast of Jamaica, with the intention of documenting diverse geomorphic features in areas that are currently being developed and are thus under threat of destruction. The palaeorupicosts we describe occur: (a) at the contact between the Hopegate and Falmouth formations; and (b) in the Hopegate and Falmouth formations, that is, formed after deposition of the latter. The Hopegate formation is late Pliocene in age (circa 2 Ma) and is unconformably overlain by the last interglacial (Sangamonian) Falmouth Formation (circa 13,000 yr b.p.). Both formations are raised reef deposits, but are easily differentiated on the basis of their contrasting modes of lithification.

Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library.
ID: 1687

Au: Phillip-Jordan, Cheryl.

Ti: The environmental geology of Portmore.

So: In: Robinson, Ralph. ed; Reichgelt, Han. ed. The natural environment - preservation and exploration:proceedings. Kingston, University of the West Indies. Faculty of Natural Science, 1995. 4.

Co: 2^nd Conference of the Faculty of Natural Sciences, U.W.I.(Mona); Kingston, 7-9, Mar. 1995.

Ab: Since the late 1960's, Portmore has grown from a collection of small agricultural and fishing based villages to a dense urban settlement. This rapid growth has also meant rapid environmental changes. The relationship between man and the environment has necessarily changed, with each affecting the other. The increasing human population means increased generation of sewerage, solid waste, pollutants and water demand. Other problems focus on coastal erosion and the placing of more persons at risk from natural hazards. The problems of treatment and disposal of sewerage are quite obvious in the Portmore area, as are the inadequacies of solid waste disposal. Pollution of land, air and water occurs from unsightly garbage dumps, dust, exhaust fumes, agricultural pesticides and untreated sewerage. Water is supplied from both surface and groundwater; the latter is particularly sensitive to periods of drought. Quarrying activity in the area has provided a source of construction material since the 18th century. Visual intrusions caused by the scars on the slope of the Port Henderson Hill are visible from all points north of the hill. Technological advances have enabled man to increasingly change his environment, and to greatly influence, both positively and negatively, the natural processes that create hazards of floods, hurricanes and earthquakes. The natural process of coastal erosion also maintains a close relationship with man's activities and has caused problems in the Port Henderson area. With continuing development of the area, the inefficiencies of the activated sludge sewerage treatment plants have been realised and an alternate method of aerobic treatment ponds is being used. With passing time the efficiency of this method will be tested. Responsibility for the collection and disposal of garbage needs to be given to a single authority instead of the present situation where communities make their own arrangements or have none at all.

Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library.
ID: 1688

Au: Jackson, Trevor A; West-Thomas, Jennifer.

Ti: The silica sands of Black River: past, present and future.

So: In: Robinson, Ralph. ed; Reichgelt, Han. ed. The natural environment - preservation and exploration: proceedings. Mona, University of the West Indies. Faculty of Natural Sciences, 1995.

Co: 2^nd Conference of the Faculty of Natural Sciences, U.W.I. (Mona); Kingston, 7-9, Mar. 1995.Ab: The silica sands located on the plains of Black River are unique in that it is the only area in Jamaica where there are commercial quantities of such sand. These sands occur as small isolated exposures ranging in area from 1 hectare to 120 hectares. The sands overlie Pleistocene reefal limestones and underlie peat deposits dated at 650070 B.P. (Bertrand, 1983) Surface mining of the sands at Hodges began on a small scale in 1962, and continued until 1990 when operations were shifted to the nearby Luana deposit. The principal use of the sand is in the glass bottle industry where it is sold to West Indies Glass Company, a Kingston-based operation. The mining company anticipates that once exploitation of sand on the west side of Black River is completed, the washing plant and its other operations will have to be located to the east in the more densely populated areas of Frenchman and Punches. However, relocation may prove to be too expensive an exercise for the mining company leaving it with two options, either to terminate its operations, and thus import sand into Jamaica or explore for possible subsurface deposits in less populated areas west of the Black River nearer the plant site. Our study was undertaken to determine the origin and source of the silica sands by examining the petrography and mineralogy of the sands and the surface texture of the quartz grains that predominate in the sands. The methods applied were optical and scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffractometry.

Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library.

Au: Green, Sean; Webber, Mona K.

Ti: A survey of the solid waste pollution in the Port Royal mangroves, Kingston Harbour, Jamaica

So: In: Robinson, Ralph. ed; Reichgelt, Han. ed. The Natural Environment-Preservation and Exploitation: proceedings. Kingston, University of the West Indies. Faculty of Natural Sciences, 1995. 42

Co: 2^nd Conference of the Faculty of Natural Sciences; Kingston, 7-9, Mar. 1995.

Ab: The paper intends to highlight the problems in a small but valuable area of Kingston Harbour, the Port Royal mangroves. The focus is on the distribution and levels of floatable solid waste in the mangroves with an attempt to determine possible sources of the solid waste. The primary objective of this study was therefore to determine the quantities and distribution of domestic solid waste in the Port Royal mangroves. 10 sites were sampled on four occasions between November 1993 and January 1994 to give an indication of the spatial and temporal variation in the quantities and types of solid waste deposited in the mangroves. The results indicate that there was a very significant spatial variation in the distribution of solid waste in the mangroves, however, this was not influenced by the distance away from the point sources which were various gullies and rivers. The predominant material seen as waste was made of plastic and the category of non-mangrove wood was second with respect to abundance. Generally, the solid waste seen in all categories was predominantly made up of small or medium sized materials.

Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library.
ID: 1690

Au: Baptiste, Judit.

Ti: Hydrogeologic map of the lower Yallahs Basin

So: In: Robinson, Ralph. ed; Reichgelt, Han. ed. The Natural Environment-Preservation and Exploitation. Kingston, University of the West Indies. Faculty of Natural Sciences, 1995. 37-8.

Co: 2^nd Conference of the Faculty of Natural Sciences; Kingston, Mar. 7-9, 1995.

Ab: Documentation and graphic presentation of the hydrogeological data collected by the research carried out for the Ph.D. thesis, "Hydrogeological Study of the Lower Yallahs Basin, St. Thomas, Jamaica, W.I." to make it available for the scientific public. This could be best carried out by producing the hydrogeologic map of the investigated region. Hydrogeologic features, characteristics and properties of any investigated region can be best summarised by the presentation of its hydrogeologic map.

Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library.
ID: 1691

Au: Mendes, J. M; Risk, M. J; Schwarcz, H. P; Woodley, Jeremy D.

Ti: Stable isotopes of nitrogen as measures of marine pollution: a preliminary assay of coral tissues from Kingston Harbour to the Pedro Cays.

So: In: Robinson, Ralph. ed; Reichgelt, Han. ed. The Natural Environment - Preservation and Exploitation: proceedings. Kingston, University of the West Indies. Faculty of Natural Sciences, 1995. 46

Co: 2^nd Conference of Faculty of Natural Sciences; Kingston, 7-9, Mar. 1995.

Ab: The impact of polluted waters issuing from Kingston Harbour and neighbouring sources was studied by the Caribbean Coastal Management Study (Goodbody, 1989). Elevated levels of nitrogen and phosphorus species were detected in the water column to the south and west of the Harbour entrance, whence they were carried by the estuarine outflow and the westward flowing Caribbean current. These inorganic nutrients apparently resulted in blooms of plankton and of benthic algae along the Hellshire coast, where coral reefs were found to be severely degraded. Degradation was less in the Port Royal Cays to the south and east of the Harbour. In the present study, four coral communities were selected along an apparent gradient of pollution: at Harbour Shoal, Drunkenman's Cay, Southeast Cay, and Middle Cay on the Pedro Bank. There was a progressive increase in water transparency, and a decrease in abundance of free-living algae, between these sites. At each, six small samples were collected from specimens of the reef-building coral Montastraea annularis. They were transported, frozen, to the Dept. of Geology at McMaster University. Stable isotope abundance ratios were determined as follows: for nitrogen in the coral tissues, and for carbon and oxygen in the calcium carbonate skeletons. Corals from the four sites had significantly different levels of 15N in their tissues: enriched inshore, progressively less offshore. Skeletal 13C values were close to zero. Nitrogen isotope ratios in the Jamaican terrestrial and marine environment are not yet known, so one cannot draw firm conclusions from these data. To the extent that corals obtain their nitrogen in particulate form (by particle capture) or in solution (by direct uptake), the inshore/offshore gradient in the abundance of 15N in their tissues may reflect an input of enriched reliance, in the clearer waters offshore, on particulate and dissolved nitrogen, with relatively more input of nitrogen fixed by symbiotic bacteria (Shashar et al., 1994), which would have 15N values closer to atmospheric (zero enrichment).

Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library..
ID: 1692

Au: Reid, Carla W. L; Devi Prasad, P. V.

Ti: The performance of an integrated wastewater treatment system under Jamaican conditions.

So: In: Robinson, Ralph. ed; Reichgelt, Han. ed. The Natural Environment - Preservation and Exploitation: proceedings. Kingston, University of the West Indies. Faculty of Natural Sciences, 1995. 41

Co: 2^nd Conference of the Faculty of Natural Sciences; Kingston, 7-9, Mar. 1995.

Ab: The concept of the use of an integrated wastewater treatment system, comprising large stabilisation ponds and constructed wetlands to treat wastewater, is very new in the Caribbean. The problems arising out of insufficient wastewater treatment resulting in serious pollution and other undesired effects is well known. Most traditional treatment systems are very expensive to operate both in financial and human terms. In Jamaica, a combination of stabilization ponds and constructed wetlands has been built to treat wastewater from a new housing scheme just west of Kingston and is the first of its kind in Jamaica. This new housing project, Greater Portmore, has been designed to accommodate 17,000 houses with an estimated population of about 70,000 - 85,000 persons. The stabilization is separated from the houses by a buffer zone of 122m. They were built to accommodate ultimately about 16 million liters of wastewater per day and have a retention time of l26 days. The stabilisation ponds have been functioning for one and half years and the wetlands are just being constructed. The present paper reports on the results obtained from the monitoring of two series of ponds [each series containing two facultative ponds and two maturation ponds] over a period of one year. The ponds were monitored fortnightly and samples were collected at five points, viz. the influent coming into pond 1 from the pumping station and through the grit chamber, effluent from pond 1 to 1, 2 to 3, 3 to 4 and the final effluent. Parameters monitored were pH, BOD5, ammonia, nitrates, phosphates and suspended solids. All the methods employed were adopted from Adams [1991]. Results have shown that there is a reduction in solid content, nutrient levels and BOD5. For the year 1993, there was 41 percent reduction in BOD5 through the pond system. The effluent shows that phosphates, nitrates and ammonia were reduced to lmg/L each. These results show the usefulness of large pond systems for wastewater treatment and pollution control under the Jamaican environmental conditions.

Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library.
ID: 1693

Au: Robinson, Dwight E; Mansingh, Ajai; Dasgupta, Tara.

Ti: Management of pesticide residues in Jamaica: run-off and leaching of endosulfan in weeded and unweeded slopes of the Blue Mountains.

So: In: Robinson, Ralph. ed; Reichgelt, Han. ed. The natural environment - preservation and exploration: proceedings. Kingston, University of the West Indies. Faculty of Natural Sciences, 1995. 28-9.

Co: 2^nd Conference of the Faculty of Natural Sciences; Kingston, 7-9, Mar. 1995.

Ab: Endosulfan is used extensively for the control of the coffee berry borer Hypothenemus hampei Ferrari in coffee plantations in the Blue Mountain watersheds. The residues eventually run-off to rivers and sea coast contaminating sediment, water and aquatic fauna (Mansingh, 1993); Mansingh et al, 1994;Mansingh and Wilson, 1995). The residues in fishes and shrimp are often beyond their tolerance levels (Mansingh and Robinson, 1994). The vertical leaching and run-off of endosulfan residues at slopes of 23o and 38o, from a Blue Mountain plantation with Cuffy Gully Gravelly Sandy Loam soil, was studied in weeded and unweeded plots with the aim of utilizing weeds for the management of residues and erosion of residue-adsorbed soil particles.

Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library.
ID: 1694

Au: Sahota, John T. S.

Ti: Environmental impact assessments: some principles and issues relating to the Bahamas.

So: Bahamas Journal of Science; 1(2):13-6, Feb.1994.

Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library.
ID: 1695

Au: Carew, James L; Mylroie, John E.

Ti: Geology of the Bahamas.

So: Bahamas Journal of Science; 2(3):2-16, Jun.1995.

Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library.
ID: 1696

Au: Watts, David.

Ti: Environmental degradation, the water resource and sustainable development in the Eastern Caribbean.

So: Caribbean Geography; 6(1):2-15, Mar.1995.

Co: Issues in Caribbean Sustainable Development Part 2; San Francisco, Mar./Apr.1994.

Ab: This paper considers the link between increasing environmental degradation and the continued diminution in the water resource of many Caribbean islands. The climatic influences on developments are considered in relation to crop growth and crop failures, and in relation to seasonal variations in precipitation and periodic drought. The effects of global warming on sustainable development within these territories are further considered. The paper also considers the problem of soil loss and soil degradation. The subsequent lowering of the water table is considered in relation to the rising overall demand for water.

Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library.
ID: 1697

Au: Conway, Dennis; Lorah, Paul.

Ti: Environmental protection policies in Caribbean small islands: some St. Lucian examples.

So: Caribbean Geography; 6(1):16-27, Mar.1995.

Co: Issues in Caribbean Sustainable Development Part 2; San Francisco, Mar./Apr.1994.

Ab: This examination of the contemporary situation in St. Lucia seeks to uncover the challenges posed by the confrontation of development and environmental conservation goals, when dealing with issues of Coastal Zone Management. Firstly, a policy-guiding framework is introduced as a mediating mechanism in an acceptable narrative form in order to brief donor-agencies like the USAID on an acceptable

model of institutional mechanisms likely to meet the goals of sustainable development and environmental conservation in small islands. The narrated model advocate 'stake-holder, self management 'and 'co-management' principles as its basis. To substantiate and learn from particular local grassroot initiatives, the genesis and institutional maturing of three interrelated recent co-management projects are examined, where local, national and international conditions appears to be making progress towards the successful implementation of environmental programmes and conservation efforts in the coastal zones of St. Lucia. The successful ingredients so identified are expected to serve as primary inputs to the larger project's policy-guiding framework and resultant brief. At the same time, caution needs to be expressed due to the lack of awareness of the gravity of environmental issues at political and local levels.

Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library.

Au: Lorah, Paul.

Ti: Unsustainable path: tourism's vulnerability to environmental decline in Antigua.

So: Caribbean Geography; 6(1):28-39, Mar.1995.

Co: Issues in Caribbean Sustainable Development Part 2; San Francisco, Mar./Apr.1994.

Ab: In Antigua, environmental degradation caused by colonial plantation agriculture is currently exacerbated by short-sighted development goals and governmental mismanagement. The result is a highly eroded natural resource base and increasing economic vulnerability. Just as a colonial legacy of environmental hastened the collapse of agricultural sector, current degradation of Antigua's coastal zones threatens tourism. Policies attempting to address this economic vulnerability have largely ignored environmental conservation. Instead, they focus on strengthening the economy by promoting offshore banking and light manufacturing. This type of economic diversification is necessary, but not sufficient. Recent growth in banking and manufacturing has stagnated, and these sectors should not be counted on to offset potential declines in tourism revenues caused by coastal degradation. In the absence of strong effort to protect and improve the coastal and marine environment, Antigua in on an unsustainable development path.

Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library.
ID: 1699

Au: Pan American Health Organization.

Ti: Disaster mitigation for medium-sized buildings in the Caribbean.

So: Disasters; (Supplement):2, Apr. 1995.

Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library.

ID: 1700

Au: Pan American Health Organization.

Ti: ICAROS- roving seminar meets in Dominica.

So: Disasters; (Supplement):4, Apr. 1995.

Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library.
ID: 1701

Au: Pan American Health Organization.

Ti: Independent study course on disaster management available on the internet.

So: Disasters (Supplement) 4, Apr. 1995.

Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library.
ID: 1702

Au: Pan American Health Organization.

Ti: Jamaica cabinets budget three million dollars for health disaster program.

So: Disasters; (Supplement):3, 4, Apr. 1995.

Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library.
ID: 1703

Au: Pan American Health Organization.

Ti: Preparing for aviation emergencies in the Caribbean.

So: Disasters; (62):4, Apr. 1995.

Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library.
ID: 1704

Au: Pan American Health Organization.

Ti: Some of the pitfalls for internet users in the Americas.

So: Disasters (Supplement) 1, Apr. 1995.

Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library.
ID: 1705

Au: Pan American Health Organization.

Ti: Survey of public awareness of Disasters.

So: Disasters; (Supplement):1, Apr. 1995.

Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library.
ID: 1706

Au: Pan American Health Organization.

Ti: Update: Caribbean disaster mitigation project.

So: Disasters; (Supplement):2, 4, Apr. 1995.

Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library.
ID: 1707

Au: Vidal Mendez, Eugenio.

Ti: Influencia del carso de la Sierra Guaso en la formación de las avenidas que afectan a la ciudad de Guantánamo.

Pub: Guantánamo; s.n; 1995. 55.

Ab: Analiza las particularidades del funcionamiento hidronámico del carso de la Sierra de Guaso y de su influencia en la formación de los gastos máximos estraordinarios que provocan serias afectaciones a la ciudad de Guantánamo. Combina varios métodos de investigaciones propias de las ciencias hidrológicas e hidrogeológicas. Explica el mecanismo mediante el cual las descargas subterráneas máximas del carso en relación directa con las precipitaciones atmosféricas intensas, el aseguramiento máximo superficial y otros factores importantes concurren en un instante de tiempo dado, para producir las inundaciones que afectan a la ciudad.

Lo: Cuba, Latin American Centre for Disaster Medicine.

Au: Pan American Health Organization.

Ti: A new phase for SUMA: beyond the inventory.

So: Disasters; (63):1+ Jul. 1995.

Pr: Pan American Health Organization; World Health Organization. Supply Management Project SUMA.

Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library.

Au: Pan American Health Organization.

Ti: Bridging the gap between two cultures: military and humanitarian.

So: Disasters; (64):1+, Oct. 1995.

Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library.
ID: 1710

Au: Pan American Health Organization.

Ti: Caribbean tradewinds 1995.

So: Disasters; (63):4, Jul. 1995.

Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library.
ID: 1711

Au: Pan American Health Organization.

Ti: Central America: emergency response to dengue.

So: Disasters; (64):4, Oct. 1995.

Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library.
ID: 1712

Au: Pan American Health Organization.

Ti: Cost of disaster mitigation measures in hospitals.

So: Disasters; (63):2, Jul. 1995.

Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library.

ID: 1713

Au: Pan American Health Organization.

Ti: Cuba: experts looks at seismic risk.

So: Disasters; (63):4-5, Jul. 1995.

Co: Seismic risk; Santiago de Cuba, Jun.19-22,1995.

Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library.

Au: Pan American Health Organization.

Ti: ECHO's pilots projects in disaster preparedness.

So: Disasters; (64):3, Oct. 1995.

Pr: European Community Humanitarian Office. Disaster Preparedness.

Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library.

Au: Gaudian, Gudrun; Medley, Paul.

Ti: Evaluation of diver carrying capacity and implications for reef management in the Turks & Caicos Islands.

So: Bahamas Journal of Science; 3(1):9-14, Oct. 1995.

Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library.

ID: 1716

Au: Pan American Health Organization.

Ti: Hurricane season '95... relearning lessons.

So: Disasters; (64):5, Oct. 1995.

Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library.

ID: 1717

Au: Pan American Health Organization.

Ti: SUMA mobilized after hurricane Luis.

So: Disasters; (64):2, Oct. 1995.

Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library.

ID: 1718

Au: Gupta, Harsh K.

Ti: A report on the commonwealth Science Council sponsored visit of Dr. H. K. Gupta to Jamaica, Trinidad and Barbados during August, 1995 in connection with earthquake hazard assessment and mitigation project.

So: National Geophysical Research Institute; Oct. 1995. 85

Lo: Jamaica, Office of Disaster and Emergency Management.
ID: 1719

Au: Mattioli, Glen S; Jansma, Pamela E; Jaramillo, Lorna; Smith, Alan L.

Ti: A desktop image processing and photogrammetric method for rapid volcanic hazard mapping: application to air-photo interpretation of Mount Pelee, Martinique.

So: Bulletin of Volcanology; 58(5):401-10, Dec. 1996.

Ab: A desktop image processing and photogrammetric method was developed for digitizing black-and-white aerial photographs. The technique was applied to airborne optical images of Mt. Pelee, Martinique, a historically active volcano in the tropical Lesser Antilles island arc, to evaluate its utility for rapid geologic mapping and hazard assessment in vegetated areas.

Lo: UWI, Mona, Science Library.