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| 4.6.3 Planning 4.6.3.1 General Requirements The safety case must demonstrate that there is a planned and systematic approach to implementing the safety policy through a suitable SMS in order to reduce and maintain all risks at a level that is ALARP. The planning activities during the design, operation and decommissioning stages of the lifecycle of petroleum infrastructure and associated petroleum activity, including risk assessment and the risk reduction measures installed, maintained, assured and verified are described in detail elsewhere in these Guidelines. The SMS must include processes and procedures for managing and documenting these activities and a description of them should be included in the safety case to demonstrate this is the case. 4.6.3.2 Risk Assessment The safety case should demonstrate how the petroleum undertaking has established, implemented and maintained procedures for ongoing hazard identification, risk assessment and the determination of necessary barriers to maintain the risk from all hazards at a level that is ALARP. Further guidance is provided in section 4.4. The safety case should demonstrate how, as part of the SMS, the results of the identification of hazards, risk assessments and risk reduction measures are documented and kept up-to- date. 4.6.3.3 Human Factors Human factors can be described as the way individual, job and organisational factors combine to potentially influence behaviour at work in away that could impact on safety. Human factors should be integrated into many aspects of the SMS, not just risk assessment, including but not limited to Management of change Design and procurement of systems, equipment and machinery Job and activity design such that the potential for human failure to lead to a major hazard is suitably minimised Training of workers Safety reporting and data analysis and Incident investigation. In considering the above areas that require human factors to be considered the following stages should be considered Identify potential human failures that may occur with hazardous consequences (e.g. a lapse of attention, a slip of the finger, a misunderstanding, or even a deliberate violation of a procedure Identify performance influencing factors that make human failure more or less likely to occur (e.g. inadequate manning, job factors such as inadequate procedures or 33 system/equipment interface, individual factors such as fatigue and motivation or organisational factors such as safety culture and work pressures and Engage the workforce in carrying out the assessment and ask for their suggestions about risk reduction measures to prevent or reduce the human failures identified. The safety case will demonstrate how this is achieved within the SMS and how the assessment has been undertaken for the relevant activities. 4.6.3.4 Management of Change The safety case must demonstrate that there is a process by which the petroleum undertaking identifies the hazards and risks associated with changes in the organisation, the SMS, or its activities, prior to the introduction of such changes (section 2.4). 4.6.3.5 Safe Control of Operations The safety case must demonstrate that the petroleum undertaking’s processes and procedures, for managing routine and non-routine activities (including minor works, maintenance and testing etc) enable them to be planned, scheduled and carried out safely by competent persons either in the direct employ of the petroleum undertaking or otherwise. The safety case must demonstrate that the management procedures include a robust permit to work system that ensures that interactions between nearby activities, and activities which pass between shifts, are controlled such that the risks are maintained at a level that is ALARP. Download 0.73 Mb. Share with your friends:
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