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(16) TENNESSEE (1830):

Of possible significance is that fact that on December 27, 1811, a Jacob Cavender of Dorchester County, Maryland, sold to Michael Hubbert, of the same County, a 47 acre part of "Addition to Galloway" which was willed to Jacob Cavender by John McFarling, which land was adjoining the same tract of land deeded by John McFarling to Isaac Charles. The document was witnessed by a Jacob Wright ("Jake Wright"?). ³⁵²

(19) Eviction of the Cherokee Indians from Georgia began in 1830.

(20) William IV became King of England in 1830 and reigned until 1837.

Actually, Thomas Cavender had a first minor conviction on January 13, 1829 in the Epiphany Sessions of the Bristol, England court "for feloniously stealing goods(i.e., 2 small kegs of salted butter) of John Amos Smart and Jacob Amos in a certain Trow upon the Navigable River Avon" and he was ordered to be imprisoned in the Common Gaol to hard labor for the term of 6 calendar months.^{449 (Bristol, England Record Office, Epiphany Sessions, JQS/D/19, pg 372 )} Thereafter, on January 11, 1830, he and a friend were convicted for breaking and entering a warehouse owned by corn merchants Wait & James at 32 Welsh Back Street, Bristol, England, with one of the owners of the warehouse being a most influencial person by the name of William Killigrew Wait who was the son of a former Mayor of Bristol^{449 (Bristol, England Record Office, Epiphany Sessions, JQS/D/19, pg 473 )} For this second conviction, Thomas Cavendar was given a sentence of 14 years in prison. He escaped from prison after 4 weeks of confinement, but was later captured given the sentence of being hung by his neck until dead. However, the Court, for some unknown reason, later amended the hanging sentence and ordered him to be sent to a prison on the coast of New South Wales, Ireland for life, "or some other of the Islands adjacent", and from which he was later deported ("Transported") to Australia with the proviso that he would be hung by his neck until dead if he ever returned to England.

He was described as being ruddy complection, freckled, brown hair, grey eyes and had a tatoo of a man and woman on his left arm, a tatoo of a mermaid on the back of one hand, and had a tatoo on his right arm that read: "May the rose of England never blow, may the Scotch Thistle never grow, may the harp of Ireland never play, Till I poor convict greets my liberty." ^{446 & 449}

Some interesting affidavits that were presented in Court during his trial for stealing 4 pounds of butter are as follows:

(1) On November 10, 1829, David Morgan stated that on Saturday last he apprehended the two prisoners now present (in Court), George Morgan and Thomas Cavendar, and that the said George Morgan told him that he had been employed by Cavendar to show him where he could sell the butter and that Cavendar gave him 2 pounds? for his trouble.^{449 (Bristol, England QS paper 1830)}

(2) On November 10, 1829, Jernima Williams, wife of William Williams, butter dealer at William Thomas Jacob's Backfrs?, stated that on Friday afternoon last about 2 o'clock the prisoners now present giving their names as George Morgan and Thomas Cavendar came to her husband's celler in Back Street in the downtown section of Bristol, England, in the County of Bristol. Back Street is a side street connecting Baldwin Street and King Street and near the river called Floating Bason. She further stated that the said George Morgan called him up from the cellar to the kitchen and introduced the said Thomas Cavender as his son and said he had two casks of salt butter for sale which both prisoners said they had brought from Inland in the City of Bristol Stearse? Packet and asked him if he would purchase it, at the same time producing a sample of inferior salt butter, that he desired them to fetch it, they went away and in less than an hour returned with 54 1/2 pounds of salt butter, that he asked the price and the said Thomas Cavender said 4 pounds, that he agreed to buy it and the said George Morgan then appeared very urgent for the money, that he paid them 1 pound? in silver and 2 pounds? in copper, that the said George Morgan took the coppers and the said Thomas Cavendar the silver, that he had no more money by him at this time and desired them to come for the remainder the next day. The said Thomas Cavender came again about 5 o'clock the same evening and desired him not to pay any more money to Morgan saying he was only his father-in-law and requested him to pay it to him, that he then gave him 5 pounds? more and told him to come the next day for the 1 pound 6 pence balance and the cloths?, that he further said that when the prisoners came to his house with the butter the said Thomas Cavendar had in on his back in a sack and not in a casket, that he afterwards hearing that a quantity of butter had been stolen gave information to William Jacobs.^{449 (Bristol, England Record Office QS paper 1830)}

(3) On November 16, 1829, Charles James Hartley stated that he was an assistant to Williams, Killigrew, Wait and Samuel James, merchant, of their premises on the Back Street in the Parish of St. Nicholas in this city, that on Thursday morning last the 12th. instant about 10 o'clock, he in the company with William James went to the cellar on the Back Street then used as a butter warehouse and examined the cellar and discovered that two firkins (i.e., 2 small wooden barrels) weighing 2 grr 18 pounds and the other 2grr 9 pounds gross of salt butter valued at 5 pounds that had been stolen, the property of Wait & James. He further stated that he has examined the butter bought by William Williams and that it is similar in quality to the remainder of the butter left in the warehouse, and that both samples are of an inferior quality and are not so generally imported as butters of better description.^{449 (Bristol, England QS paper 1830)} At the trial, the Court transcript described the property as follows: "--- two firkins (i.e., 2 wooden barrels) of butter of the value of 2 pounds 18 shillings and 4 pence and 140 pounds of weight of butter of value of 2 pounds 18 shillings and 4 pence of the goods and chattels of the said William Killigrew Hait and Samuel James then and there being found feloniously did steal, take and carry away against the peace of out said Lord the King, his Crown and Dignity." ^{449 (Bristol, England Record Office QS paper 1830)}

(4) On November 16, 1829, Thomas Jacob stated that on Saturday morning last when the prisoner, Thomas Cavendar, came to his daughter-in-law cellar for the remainder of the moner for the quantity of butter had had sold him, she called Thomas Jacob and pointed out the said prisoner as the person who had sole it, the he told the prisoner he thought the butter had been stolen and attempted to detain him, upon which he called out to another man who was outside and between them they knocked him down and ran off.

(5) On November 16, 1829, George Morgan stated that he never saw the butter until he saw it in the company with this officer.^{449 (Bristol, England Record Office QS paper 1830)}

(6) On November 16, 1829, Thomas Cavendar declined saying anything in answer to the charges made against him and, again on May 6, 1830, he again declined to say anything in answer to the charge made against him.^{449 (Bristol, England Record Office QS paper 1830)}

(7) On November 16, 1829, Joseph Maggs stated that on Wednesday evening last the 11th. instant about one-quarter before 6 o'clock, he locked up and secured the cellar of his employers Wait and James, which is used as a _____? butter warehouse on the Back Street in the Parish of St Nicholas in this City and left it in a state of safety.^{449 (Bristol, England Record Office QS paper 1830)}

(8) On November 16, 1829, William Davis, watchmen of Nicholas Ward, stated that on Wednesday night last the 11th. instant about 10 o'oclock as he was going on his rounds on the Back Street, he discovered that Wait and James's cellar had been broken open, the staple had been forced and the bar lay on the ground, that he left the cellar in charge of a watchman while he went to the Night Constable and to William James to give them information about the circumstances, that William James afterwards came to the cellar and desired him to continue in charge of the cellar until he came in the morning which he did, after putting f resh padlock on the cellar.^{449 (Bristol, England Record Office QS paper 1830)}

(9) On May 5, 1830, a letter was written to and from persons unknown stating: "I have to acknowledge the receipt of your letter ot the 3rd. instant, stating that a Thomas Cavendar, whoe recently escaped from the Institia of Halk? at Woolwich had been found at large in the City of Bristol, and requesting directions as to his disposal, and having laid the same before Sir Robert Peel, I am directed to acquaint you for the information of the Magistrate the the prisoner should be committed to the City Goal and tried as an excaped comvict."^{449 (Bristol, England Record Office QS paper 1830, October Sessions 1830, Apprehension in Bristol, May 1830)}

(10) On May 6, 1830, Thomas Evans stated that at the last Epiphany Sessions for this City held on Monday the 11th. day of January last, I was present at the trial and conviction of the prisoner now present, Thomas Cavendar, and that he was tried for breaking and entering a warehouse and stealing property therefrom and received a sentence of 14 years Transportation which sentence I heard passed upon him, that on Sunday last the 2th. instant, I found him at large in this City and having received information by means of the Police Gazette on Hue and Cry published on Wednesday the 14th... day of April last that the said Thomas Cavendar had escaped from the Institia Hulks at Wooliches I assisted in apprehending him, in company with John Hobbs and William Perry in Johnny Ball's Lane in the Parish of St. Michael in this City.^{449 (Bristol, England Record Office QS paper 1830)}