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14.10 by and from (cause, means and origin) 1.
By when the agent of an action is mentioned.
2.
From when the origin is mentioned. Verbs typically followed by
from are
arise, benefit, borrow, deduce, defend, deviate, differ, ensue, exclude, originate, profit, protect, release, remove, select, separate, shield, subtract, suffer. Likewise, some of the nouns that derive from these verbs are also found with
from: deviation, exclusion, protection. 3.
By when the method or means is given.
4.
From is often found with to , to indicate the move from one place to another.
BY FROM 1,2 Our paper has now been revised
by a native English speaker. We received a letter of acceptance
from the editor.
1,2 The original computers were made
by IBM but were then replaced by the director. This mixture is made
from a variety of substances
from allover the world.
1,2 Taxes were raised
by the government.
The economic crisis arose from banking malpractices and indiscriminate consumer- borrowing
from banks.
1,2 Considerable damage was caused
by the earthquake. This paper suffers
from alack of detailed discussion
and would also benefit from a complete revision of the English.
1,2 The number was then divided or multiplied
by 32.5, depending on the case. The corresponding amount was obtained by subtracting the first value
from the second.
3,2 They learned English
by watching videos on YouTube.
They quickly learned English from their native-speaking colleagues.
3,4 We went
by train instead of going
by car orb byb plane. While on the train
from Malmo
to Stockholm, they kept switching
from one language
to another.
