English for Research: Usage, Style, and Grammar


moment we will have to continue using our old equipment. 1 The literature on this topic should, by now



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A.Wallwork - English for Research Usage, Style, and Grammar - 2013
moment we will have to continue using our old equipment.
1 The literature on this topic should, by now , be extremely familiar to … We shall expand more fully on this in Sect. 3.
For now , we just focus on …
UNTIL NOW
SO FAR
2
So far / Until now , research into this area has been limited to X. In this paper, we investigate Y. This is the only acid that has so far / until
now been found to be effective in such scenarios.
3 The research so far undertaken has only focused on … The patients so far described all had benign non-calci fi ed nodules. Let us now turn to cases with calcified nodules.


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14.14 during, over and throughout (time)
1.
During means at some point in the course of a period of time. This period can either be in the pastor future.
2.
Over often refers to a period of time that began in the past and is still true in the present, over is thus normally used with the present perfect
(
8.3
). However, over can also be used fora future period.
3.
Throughout means for the entire course of a period of time. This period can refer to the past, present or future.
DURING
OVER
THROUGHOUT
1,2,3 I hope to have the opportunity of meeting you during the conference next month.
Over the last few years, there has been increasing interest in …
Throughout history, humans have had a tendency to collect objects – even objects of no apparent value.
= For the last few years, i.e. until and including today
1,2,3 I worked with him during my Erasmus project.
Over the last decade, no progress has been made in … However,
over the next few years this will certainly change. Plagues were common throughout the Middle Ages.


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