English for Research: Usage, Style, and Grammar



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A.Wallwork - English for Research Usage, Style, and Grammar - 2013
18.1
adjectives
Adjectives generally go before the noun they describe. An adjective often contains information that is more important than the noun it describes, because the adjective helps to discriminate between two different types of the same noun e.g. He has aired i car, I have a blue car. Put the adjective before the noun it describes.
2. If you put the adjective after the noun, then precede the adjective with
that / which / who + verb.
3. An exception to Rule 3 is with available and possible , which are often found after the noun.
4. Adjectives are not usually found between two nouns.
5. Do not put an adjective before a noun that it does not describe.
YES
NO
1 This is ab good and interesting
book. This is a book good and interesting .
1 He is an intelligent student. He is a student intelligent .
2 He is ab student who is intelligent
enough to pass the exam. He is ab student intelligent
enough to pass the exam.
3 The software available does not solve this problem. The available software does not solve this problem.
3 This appears to be the only solution
possible / possible solution.
4 The main features of the software. The software main features.
4 The computational complexity of the algorithm. The algorithm computational complexity.
5 The main contribution of the document. The main document contribution.
18 Word order adjectives and past
participles


166
18.2
multiple adjectives
1. Avery general guideline fora string of adjectives is size + age + color + origin + material + use.
2. When deciding the order, first choose the main adjective (or noun acting as an adjective) which is typically found with the associated noun e.g. software solutions . Then precede with a maximum of three more adjectives e.g. an extremely effective (and) innovative software solution . In this example both effective and innovative have a similar function and are interchangeable. extremely relates to both effective and innovative and must therefore go before these two adjectives.
3. Adjectives are located after past participles.
4. The position of the adjective can change the meaning of the phrase.
5. To aid clarity, consider changing an adjective into a noun, and modifying the word order.

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