English for Research: Usage, Style, and Grammar



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A.Wallwork - English for Research Usage, Style, and Grammar - 2013
by comparison with Smiths.
2
In contrast to Hill’s top-down approach Hill, 2015], we start from the bottom layer.
Compared to the old technology, the new technology offers several new features.


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13.17 instead, on the other hand, whereas, on the contrary
1. Use instead at the beginning of a sentence to resolve a problem stated in the previous sentence.
2. Do not use instead to introduce anew topic, even if the new topic is related in someway to the previous topic. Use on the other hand.
3. Use on the other hand to give an alternative or to add additional information about the thing mentioned previously – whereas is not used in such circumstances.
4. Both on the other hand and whereas can be used to make a contrast, but whereas gives the reader the idea that the contrast is quite strong.
whereas is not normally used at the beginning of a sentence.
5. Do not use on the other hand simply to introduce new information without any sense of contrast.
6.
On the contrary is only used to totally contradict what another author has stated.


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YES
NO
1/4 Do not join two independent clauses with a semicolon.
Instead , make two simple separate sentences. Do not join two independent clauses with a semicolon. On the contrary , make two simple separate sentences.
2 Italian and Spanish are similar languages, in fact they both derive from Latin. On the other
hand, German is derived from … Italian and Spanish are similar languages, in fact they both derive from Latin. Instead, German is derived from

3 The conference maybe held in
Jordon, on the other hand it maybe held in Egypt. The conference maybe held in Jordon,

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