English for Research: Usage, Style, and Grammar

ranges of values and use of hyphens

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A.Wallwork - English for Research Usage, Style, and Grammar - 2013

YES NO 1 The courses last 15 – 20
Four-week

21.7
ranges of values and use of hyphens
You can introduce a range of values in three different ways:
There should be 11 – 20 participants.
There should be from 11 to 20 participants.
There should be between 11 and 20 participants. Use a hyphen (
25.6
):
1. To indicate a range of values with numerals. But to indicate a range of values with words, use to.
2. With fractions that are made up of two words (e.g. three- fifths, seven-
ninths ).
3. With ages and periods of time. Note that there is no plural s on the time period.
YES
NO
1 The courses last 15 – 20 weeks. The courses last fi fteen–twenty
weeks.
1 The course will last three to four weeks. The course will last three–four weeks.
2
Three-quarters of the employees in this institute come to work by car.
Three quarters of the employees in this institute come to work by car.
3
Four-week holidays can only betaken by 40-year-old employees.
Four weeks holidays can only betaken by 40 years old employees.

186
21.8
definite article ( the ) and zero article with numbers and
measurements
Use the zero article (
5
):
1. With percentages and fractions.
2. Before the following words (and similar words) when they are followed by a number fi gure, appendix, table, schedule etc step, phase, stage etc question, issue, task etc, case, example, sample etc.
3. With weights, distances etc.
4. In the expression on average. Use the definite article (
4
):
5. Measurements that begin with by.
6. A number that has already been mentioned.

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