Feld, Jindřich
(b Prague, 19 Feb 1925). Czech composer. He began his musical education as a violinist and viola player; both his parents were violinists, his father a professor at the Prague Conservatory. Subsequently he studied composition in Prague with Hlobil at the conservatory (1945–8), with Řídký at the Academy of Musical Arts (1948–52) and read musicology, aesthetics and philosophy at Prague University (PhD 1952). From 1972 to 1986 he was professor in composition at the conservatory. Other appointments he has held include teacher of composition and composer-in-residence at the University of Adelaide, visiting lecturer at the University of Indiana, Bloomington (1981, 1984), and other American and European institutions; head of music at Czech Radio (1990–92) and deputy president of the Bohuslav Martinů Society. He has received a number of awards, among them the State Prize (1968) and the first prize at the XVII Concours International de Guitarre (1975, for the Guitar Sonata). Feld's output can be divided into three periods. The first, up until the end of the 1950s, draws on the music of Martinů, Stravinsky and Bartók; examples of this are the Concerto for Orchestra and the Flute Concerto. In the second period (the 1960s) Feld created an individual language by adopting new stimuli, including 12–note writing and aleatorism. Finally, from the 1970s onwards, there is the process of syntheses, a peroid characterized by brilliant technique and even greater individuality.
WORKS
(selective list)
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Stage: Poštácká pohádka [The Postman's Tale] (children's op, L. Vokrová, after K. Čapek), 1956
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Orch: Conc. for Orch, 1951; Fl Conc., 1954; Vc Conc., 1958; 3 fresky [3 Frescoes], 1963; Sym. no.1, 1967; Dramatická fantasie ‘Srpnové dny’ [August Days], 1968–9; Sinfonietta, str, 1971; Pf Conc., 1973; Vn Conc., 1977; Evocations, accdn, orch, perc, 1978; Concert Fantasy, fl, str orch, perc, 1980; Sax Conc., 1980; Hp Conc., 1982; Sym. no.2, 1983; Concertino, fl, pf, orch, 1991; Sym. no.3 ‘fin de siècle’, 1994–8
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Vocal: 3 Inventions, SATB, 1966; Posměšky na jména [Nonsense Rhymes] (Czech folk poetry, Eng. trans. J. May), SA, ens/pf, 1973; Laus cantus (Feld), S, str qt, 1985; Cosmae chronica boemorum (cant., Cosmas), solo vv, nar, SATB, orch, 1988; Gloria cantus (Latin), SATB, 1988
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Chbr and solo inst: Sonata, fl, pf, 1957; Chamber Suite, nonet, 1960; Str Trio, 1961; Str Qt no.3, 1962; Str Qt no.4, 1965; Wind Qnt no.2, 1968; Str Qt no.5, 1969; Pf Sonata, 1972; Sonata, vc, pf, 1972; Str Qnt, 1972; Trio, vn/fl, vc, pf, 1972; Koncertní skladba [Concert Piece], accdn, 1974; Sax Qt, 1981; Sonata, ob/s sax, pf, 1982; Concert Music, va, pf, 1983; Conc. da camera, 2 str qt, 1985; Sonata, vn, pf, 1985; Sonatina, fl, hp, 1986; Duo, vn, va/vc, 1989; Sonata, a sax, 1989–90; Partita concertante, vc, 1990; Str Qt no.6, 1993; Quintetto capriccioso, fl, hp, str trio, 1995; Qnt, cl/sax, str qt, 1999
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Principal publishers: Supraphon, Panton, Leduc, Salabert, Schott
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CCl (L.K. Johns)
ČSHS
J. Pilka: ‘K profilu Jindřicha Felda’, HRo, xviii (1965), 411–13
H.C. Jacobs: ‘Komponisten und Werk: Jindřich Feld’, Das Akkordeon, no.9 (1984)
F. Dobler: ‘Weltbetrachtung’, ibid.
K. Fischer: ‘Czechoslovakian Composer Jindřich Feld’, Saxophone Journal, Summer (1987)
L.K. Johns: ‘Jindřich Feld’, Biography and Analysis of Selected Works (diss., Florida State U., forthcoming)
KAREL MLEJNEK
Feld, Steven
(b Philadelphia, 20 Aug 1949). American ethnomusicologist. He was educated at Hofstra University (BA 1971), studying with Colin Turnbull, and at Indiana University, where he earned the PhD with a dissertation on sound and sentiment in 1979 under Alan Merriam. From 1980 to 1985 he was professor of communications at Pennsylvania University, after which he became professor of anthropology and music at Texas University, Austin (1985–95). In 1995 he became professor of anthropology at the University of California, Santa Cruz, until 1997 when he joined the same faculty at New York University. He has been the recipient of several honours, including a MacArthur Foundation Fellowship (1991–96), and he was named a fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1994. His areas of research and study include language and music/speech, Papua New Guinea and West Papua, world music/world beat, the politics of music, soundscapes and acoustemology. As a performer (trombone, bass trumpet, bass trombone and euphonium), he has played and recorded since 1970, with the Leadbelly Legacy Band, the Live Action Brass Band, the Tom Guralnick Trio, the New Mexico Jazz Workshop and other small jazz and free improvisation ensembles.
WRITINGS
‘Linguistic Models in Ethnomusicology’, EthM, xviii (1974), 197–217
‘Ethnomusicology and Visual Communication’, EthM, xx (1976), 293–325
Sound and Sentiment: Birds, Weeping, Poetics and Song in Kaluli Expression (diss., Indiana U., 1979; Philadelphia, 1982, 2/1990)
‘Flow Like a Waterfall: the Metaphors of Kaluli Music Theory’, YTM, xiii (1981), 22–47
‘Music, Communication and Speech about Music’, YTM, xvi (1984), 1–18
‘Sound Structure as Social Structure’, EthM, xxviii (1984), 383–409
‘Aesthetics as Iconicity of Style, or “Lift-Up-Over Sounding”: Getting into the Kaluli Groove’, YTM, xx (1988), 74–113
‘Notes on World Beat’, Public Culture, i (1988), 31–7
‘Sound as a Symbolic System: the Kaluli Drum’, The Varieties of Sensory Experience, ed. D. Howes (Toronto, 1991), 147–58
‘Voices of the Rainforest’, Public Culture, iv (1991), 131–40
with C. Keil: Music Groves: Essays and Dialogues (Chicago, 1994)
‘From Schizophonia to Schismogenesis: on the Discourses of World Music and World Beat’, The Traffic in Culture, ed. G. Marcus and F. Myers (Berkeley, 1995), 96–126
‘Wept Thoughts: the Voicing of Kaluli Memory’, South Pacific Oral Traditions, ed. R. Finnegan and M. Orbell (Bloomington, IN, 1995), 85–108
‘Pygmy Pop: a Genealogy of Schizophonic Mimesis’, YTM, xxviii (1996), 1–35
‘Waterfalls of Song: an Acoustemology of Place Resounding in Bosavi, Papua New Guinea’, Senses of Place, ed. S. Feld and K. Basso (Santa Fe, NM, 1996), 91–135
Music of the Kaluli, Institute of Papua New Guinea Studies IPNGS 001C (1981)
Kaluli Weeping and Song, Musicaphon BM 30 L 2702 (1985)
Voices of the Rainforest, Rykodisc RCD 10173 (1991)
GREGORY F. BARZ
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