Faà di Bruno, Giovanni Matteo [Horatio, Orazio] Fabbri, Anna Maria


Friedrich [Vriderich] von Sunnenburg [Sonnenburg, Sunnenburc, Suneburg; Meister Friedrich von Sonnenburg]



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Friedrich [Vriderich] von Sunnenburg [Sonnenburg, Sunnenburc, Suneburg; Meister Friedrich von Sonnenburg]


(d before 1287). Austrian Minnesinger and composer. Coming from Sonnenburg in the Pustertal (Tyrol), probably from a ministerial family, he lived at the courts of Bavaria and Bohemia as well as in Tyrol and Thuringia. Sometimes included by the Meistersinger as one of their alte Meister, he should be counted as one of the most important Spruchdichter after Walther von der Vogelweide, Bruder Werner and Reinmar von Zweter. The 73 Sprüche (see Spruch) ascribed to him, mostly in the Jenaer Liederhandschrift (D-Ju El.f.101, ff.63v–72), may not all be authentic, but they are clearly influenced by Reinmar von Zweter and seem to have been written between about 1247 and 1275; they concern religion, morality and politics, in which Friedrich supported the pope against Rudolf of Habsburg. The song on f.72v of the Jena manuscript (Ihc wil Singhen, ed. in Holz, Saran and Bernoulli as no.XXIII, 64) is probably by Wizlâv; but the remainder of the section devoted to Friedrich’s poems includes three melodies: Eyn rîcher küninc hiez Kosdras with eight strophes both here and in the Colmar Manuscript (D-Mbs Cgm. 4997); Nû merke hô und edele man with eight strophes, all of which also appear in the Colmar Manuscript together with five others; and So wol dir werlst so wol dir hiute with 47 strophes in the Jena manuscript and others elsewhere. A further melody appears in the Colmar Manuscript (f.526) with the annotation ‘In Cunrads von wirczburg nachtwyse; alii dicunt esse In frider(ich) von suneburg sussem don’.

BIBLIOGRAPHY


P. Runge, ed.: Die Sangesweisen der Colmarer Handschrift und die Liederhandschrift Donaueschingen (Leipzig, 1896/R)

G. Holz, F. Saran and E. Bernoulli, eds.: Die Jenaer Liederhandschrift (Leipzig, 1901/R)

R.J. Taylor: The Art of the Minnesinger (Cardiff, 1968), i, 20ff [edn of music]; ii, 26ff [commentary]

A. Masser, ed.: Die Sprüche Friedrichs von Sonnenburg (Tübingen, 1979)

G. Kornrumpf: ‘Friedrich von Sonnenberg’, Die deutsche Literatur des Mittelalters: Versfasserlexikon, ed. K. Ruh and others (Berlin, 2/1977–)

For further bibliography see Spruch, Minnesang.

BURKHARD KIPPENBERG

Frieman (Friemann, Freeman), Gustaw


(b Lublin, 28 Oct 1842; d Odessa, 26 Sept 1902). Polish violinist teacher and composer of Swedish descent. He studied the violin under Serwaczyński in Lublin, and from 1862 (or 1864) until 1865 with Massart at the Paris Conservatoire, where he won the Grand Prix and gold medal. He also studied composition with F. Rüfer in Berlin. In 1866 he began a concert career that took him to Dresden, Brussels, Vienna and Lemberg (now L'viv); he made his début in Warsaw in 1867, and subsequently gave many concerts there until 1899. He also performed in Poznań (1867), Kraków, Vilnius, Lublin (1869, 1875–7), Berlin (1872), Kiev (1880, 1884), St Petersburg (1882), and latterly gave about 40 concerts in the south of Russia (1888). From 1887 to 1888 he was professor of violin at the Music Institute in Warsaw, and from 1889 he held the same position at the conservatory in Odessa, where he was also director. He held honorary positions as soloist and chamber musician at the Austrian and Persian courts and also in Hesse. Widely known in Europe, his success was principally due to his performances of the violin concertos by Mendelssohn, Spohr, P. Rode, Vieuxtemps and Schumann. He often performed the music of H. Wieniawski, whose influence can be detected in his own compositions. His style of playing was characterized by a brilliant technique, a fine (though not big) quality of tone, musicality, and the charm and temperament typical of the French school. His compositions for violin are mainly salon miniatures, which are not especially virtuosic. Published in Warsaw, Paris, Berlin, Odessa and Moscow, they include Kujawiak op.6 no.4, Romance op.14, Grande polonaise op.18 and Tańce góralskie (‘Mountain Dances’) op.19.

BIBLIOGRAPHY


PSB (J.W. Reiss)

SMP

J. Kleczyński: ‘Gustaw Frieman’, Echo muzyczne, teatralne i artystyczne [Musical, theatrical and artistic echo], ccclii (1890), 305–6

J.W. von Wasielewski: Die Violine und ihre Meister (Leipzig, rev. 5/1910), 560–62

A. Moser: Geschichte des Violinspiels (Berlin, 1923, rev., enlarged 2/1966–7), ii, 191, 196

BARBARA CHMARA-ŻACZKIEWICZ


Friemann, Witold


(b Konin, 20 Aug 1889; d Laski, nr Warsaw, 22 March 1977). Polish composer, pianist and teacher. He attended the Warsaw Conservatory as a pupil of Michałowski for piano and of Noskowski and Statkowski for composition and orchestration. From 1910 to 1913 he studied in Leipzig and Meiningen with Reger (composition) and Josef Pembaur jr (piano). He taught the piano at the Lwów Conservatory (1921–9), served as music critic of the Słowo polskie and was founder and director of the Katowice Academy of Music. He then worked for Polish radio in Warsaw (1934–9) and, from 1946, as a teacher for the blind. In 1963 he received the prize of the Minister of Culture and Arts for his corpus of piano and vocal works. His works are fundamentally romantic and harmonically traditional, with an emphasis on melody.

WORKS


(selective list)

Ops: Giewont (K. Brończyk), 1934; Polskie misterium narodowe (M. Konopnicka), 1946; Kain (Friemann), 1952; Bazyliszek (T. Porayski), 1958

Vocal: Ps xc (J. Kochanowski), chorus, orch, 1922; Suita podhalańska, S, T, Bar, str, timp, 1946; Cień Chopina [The Shadow of Chopin] (K. Tetmajer), B, pf, orch, 1949; Rapsod mazowiecki, solo vv, chorus, orch, 1950; Conc., 1v, orch, 1961; Litania o zjednoczenie ludzkości [Litany on the Unity of Mankind], chorus, orch, 1969; Równy krok, chorus, orch, 1971; c400 songs, some lost; other choral pieces

Orch: Pf conc. no.1, 1913; Inwokacja, wind, perc, 1926; Cień Chopina, pf, orch, 1937; Vc Conc., 1950; Sym. no.2 (Symfonia mazowiecka), 1950; Pf Conc. no.2, 1951; Pf Conc. no.3, 1952; Va Conc. no.1, 1952; Vn Conc., 1954; Pf Conc. no.4, 1956; 2 cl concs., 1960, 1961; Conc. lirico, ob, orch, 1961; Fl Conc., Pf Conc. no.5, 1963; 1963; Marsz żałobny [Funeral March], 1965; Conc. eroico, t trbn, orch, 1966; Hn Conc., 1966–8; Charming Eyes, 1967; Conc., 2 bn, str, 1968; Va Conc. no.2, 1968; T Trbn Conc. no.2, 1969; B Trbn Conc., 1970

Inst: 3 str qts, 2 pf qnts, pf qt, many other chbr pieces; many pf pieces, incl. c320 preludes

Principal publisher: PWM

BIBLIOGRAPHY


EMuz (E. Szczepańska)

L. Markiewicz: ‘O Witoldzie Friemannie’, RM, vii/12 (1963), 6–7

W. Bogdany: ‘Rękopisy muzyczne Witolda Friemanna’ [Friemann’s manuscripts], Biuletyn informacyjny Biblioteki Narodowa (1967), no.4, pp.29–32

A. Nowak: ‘Witold Friemann romantyk XX wieku’ [Friemann: 20th-century romanticist], RM, xxii/11 (1978), 3–5

A. Mitscha: ‘Witold Friemann: życie i twórczość’ [Friemann: his life and works], Zeszyty naukowe [Academia muzyczna, Katowice], xvii (1980) [whole issue]

A. Nowak: ‘Witold Friemann: twórca liryki wokalnej’ [Friemann: lyrical vocal works], RM, xxiv/6 (1980), 3–4

BOGUSŁAW SCHÄFFER/R




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