Federal standard

CABINET JAMB A door frame in three or more pieces, usually shipped knocked down for field assembly over a rough buck.

CABINET‑FOR‑SAFE A wooden enclosure having closely spaced electrical grids on all inner surfaces and contacts on the doors. It surrounds a safe and initiates an alarm signal if an attempt is made to open or penetrate the cabinet. Also called a safe cabinet.

CABLE FAULT LOCATOR A portable device that finds buried or concealed cable electrical faults by one of several methods. Types of fault locators include tone, pulse, a high voltage surge generator with signal analyzer, or a capacitance meter.

CADMIUM SULFIDE CELL A photoconductive photocell. It requires a battery for operation. Light striking the cadmium sulfide causes the electrical resistance to decrease.

CALL DETAIL RECORDING (CDR) A record maintained by the CTS, or by auxiliary equipment, of specified types of calls. Typically, a CDR system will record the CTS station identity, date, time of day, duration of call, called party number, and trunk group rate. Also referred to as SMDR Station Message Detail Recording.

CAM The part of a lock or cylinder that rotates to actuate the bolt or latch as the key is turned. The cam may also act as the bolt.

CAM, LAZY A cam which moves less than the rotation of the cylinder core.

CARBON ZINC BATTERY A traditional battery type for general purpose applications. A carbon zinc battery is comprised of ammonium chloride and manganese dioxide, a carbon collector, zinc chloride, and water enclosed in a zinc case.

CARD ACCESS The aspect of access control that relates to entry/exit systems that use entry control cards.

CARD CAGE 1. An enclosure with restraining brackets mounted inside to hold the printed circuit boards that compose a computer's central processing unit. 2. Any enclosure having the purpose of holding printed circuit board assemblies.

CARD ENCODER A device that places a unique access code on, or within, an access control card. This may be accomplished by punching a pattern of holes for an optical reader, or by magnetically encoding cards employing either a magnetic strip or the Wiegand system.

CARD IDENTIFICATION CODE A numeric or alphanumeric sequence printed on an access control card. The code is used for record keeping and card control. Also called system code.

CARD KEY A plastic card that contains encoded information to open a locked door. The card reading device may be an integral part of the lock, or it can be located in the locks's immediate vicinity. The card key is commonly called an access card.

CARD KEY ACCESS A type of access control system which uses a card with a magnetized, coded area. To open a door, the card is inserted into a slot and the magnetized area is read. If the code on the card is acceptable, the door will open.

CARD MASTERING The coding of access control cards for the ability to universally access specified groups of locks. Also called master coding.

CARD READER A device that reads the information on an access control card. Card readers fall into one of two categories: intelligent and on‑line readers. The intelligent card reader compares the data on the card with preprogrammed parameters. Entry or exit is granted or denied by the card reader itself at the reader location. On‑line readers must communicate with a central processor that makes the entry/exit decision. Intelligent readers are also called stand‑alone or off‑line readers. Card readers may obtain data from access cards by reading punched holes, magnetic spots, stripes or wires, or any of several other methods that use punched, embossed, or embedded information.

CARRIER 1. In a modem, a continuous frequency capable of being modulated with a second (information carrying) signal. 2. A circuit card cage or shelf which is set up as an apparatus mounting for the CTS circuit cards. The carrier is provided with edge connectors to receive the circuit cards and is equipped with all wiring and hardware required for housing and interconnecting the system circuit packs.

CARRIER CURRENT A method of alarm signal transmission using high frequency alternating current on a standard voice grade telephone line. See also Carrier Signal.

CARRIER CURRENT TRANSMITTER A device which transmits alarm signals from a sensor to a control unit via the standard ac power lines.

CARRIER SIGNAL A basic signal frequency that may be modulated to carry data, such as an alarm signal. The signal may be amplitude, frequency, or phase modulated.

CARVE‑OUT A classified contract issued in connection with an approved Special Access Program in which the Defense Investigative Service has been relieved of inspection responsibility in whole or in part under the Defense Industrial Security Program.

CASE The housing in which a lock mechanism is mounted and enclosed.

CASEMENT HINGE A hinge for swinging a casement window.

CASEMENT WINDOW A type of window which is hinged on the vertical edge.

CASING Molding of various widths and thicknesses used to trim door and window openings at the jambs.

CAT Credit Authorization Terminal; an EFT element usually located in retail outlets, it allows shoppers to get check cashing approval electronically.

CATADIOPTRIC LENS A lens containing image forming reflective elements and usually refractive elements as well. Sometimes called a mirror lens.

CATHODE RAY TUBE (CRT) A tube designed for visual display. An electron beam is focused on a phosphor coated surface and is varied in intensity and position at a rapid rate to produce an image. These crt displays are integral to many security monitoring systems. They are used to display operating instructions, alarm information, live video surveillance, and graphic maps.

CATV Abbreviation for Cable Television. The term originally derived from Community Antenna Television, but now has broadened in meaning to include all aspects of television transmitted over coaxial cable systems.

CATV SECURITY SYSTEM A central station alarm system using existing CATV coaxial links to subscribers as the alarm signal transmission media. The alarm signal receiver is located at the head end of the CATV system.

CAD See Charge Coupled Device.

CCIR Abbreviation for International Radio Consultative Committee.

CDR See Call Detail Reporting

CCTV See Closed Circuit Television.

CELL See Pin Chamber.

CELSIUS (SYMBOL C) A temperature scale used in scientific work and most of Europe. One degree Celsius equals one degree Kelvin (K). 0 degrees C is the freezing point and 100 degrees C is approximately the boiling point of water. To convert temperature from the Fahrenheit scale to the Celsius scale, subtract 32 and multiply by 5/9.

CENTER RAIL The horizontal rail in a door, usually located at lock height to separate the upper and lower panels of a recessed panel type door.

CENTER HUNG DOOR A door hung on center pivots.

CENTRAL COMPUTER ROOM The location in a single, controlled area of one or more computers and their associated peripheral and storage units, central processing unit and communications equipment and other related supporting resources essential to the operation of the system. Synonymous with central computer complex, computer equipment room or central computer facility.

CENTRAL KEY SYSTEM See Maison Key System.

CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT (CPU) The main component printed‑circuit board or boards that contains the computer processing logic. This is where the execution of stored programs is accomplished.

CENTRAL STATION ELECTRICAL PROTECTION ASSOCIATION (CSEPA) A national organization formed by central station owners and equipment suppliers to promote industry standards and commerce.

CENTRAL STATION 1. An organization or business established for the purpose of monitoring subscribers' alarm systems from a centralized monitoring location. Communication with subscriber alarm systems is generally by telephone line, but may be by wireless or direct wire. The central station notifies police or fire services immediately upon receipt of alarm. All alarm events are recorded and investigated. Central stations may utilize WATS lines to extend services on a regional or national basis. 2. The control point of a monitoring system is supervised by security personnel.

CENTRAL STATION ALARM SYSTEM An alarm system that uses a central station. This differs from a proprietary alarm system where the alarm monitoring is conducted on site by a private guard force.

CERTIFIED PROTECTION PROFESSIONAL (CPP) A program established by the American Society for Industrial Security for recognition of individuals who meet the criteria for protection professionals that is established by the Society.

CFR Code of Federal Regulations.

CHAIN BOLT A vertical spring loaded bolt mounted at the top of a door. It is manually actuated by a chain.

CHAIN DOOR INTERVIEWER An auxiliary locking device which allows a door to be opened slightly, but restrains it from being fully opened. It consists of a chain with one end attached to the door jamb, and the other attached to a keyed metal piece which slides in a slotted metal plate attached to the door. Some chain door interviewers incorporate a keyed lock operated from the inside.

CHAIN KEY SYSTEM See Selective Key System.

CHAIN LOCK A type of rim lock in which one end of a short chain is mounted on a door frame and the other, which has a small knob, attaches to a plate with a horizontal slot, which is mounted on the door. The knob slides into and along the slot, permitting the door to be opened a few inches. Some models can be opened with a key from the outside, others must be opened from within.

CHALNICON Trade name for a TV image pickup tube of the direct readout type designed for low light applications. The photoconductive target is a hetero junction structure characterized by high sensitivity, non blooming of high brightness details, relative freedom from burn in, and good resolution.

CHAMBER Any cavity in a cylinder plug and/or shell which houses the tumbler(s).

CHANGE KEY 1. A key that will operate only one lock or a group of keyed alike locks, as distinguished from a master key. 2. A tool used in resetting the combination on key change tumblers or a combination lock. See also keyed alike cylinders and master key system.

CHANGE KEY CONSTANT See Constant Cut.

CHANGE KEY SECTION See Single Key Section.

CHANGEABLE BIT KEY A key which can be recombinated by exchanging and/or rearranging portions of its bit or blade.

CHANGES The number of possible key changes or combination changes to a lock cylinder.

CHARACTER Any one of a set of symbols used in computer languages. The set encompasses numbers, letters, and scientific symbol notation.

CHARACTER GENERATOR 1. An integrated circuit or device that produces alphanumeric characters. 2. In reference to video, a device or circuit that produces graphic characters for insertion in a video picture. It is used to identify specific scenes for timing or logging purposes.

CHARGE‑COUPLED DEVICE (CCD) A semiconductor storage device that is used as a digital shift register. It is often used as a sensor in imaging devices.

CHECK BIT A special bit that verifies the accuracy of all bits in a given word. An error in the word results in an indication from the check bit. See also parity bit.

CHECKRAILS The meeting rails of double hung windows. They are usually beveled, and thick enough to fill the space between the top and bottom sash due to the parting stop in the window frame.

CHIP A microminiature circuit produced on a tiny wafer of silicon or similar conductive material. A complete microprocessor can be placed on a single chip with a surface area that is 0.06‑0.19 square inch. The tiny circuit is usually mounted in a holder having a series of electrical connection leads called a dual‑in‑line (DIP) package.

CHROMA The hue and saturation that characterizes a color video image.

CHROMA CONTROL A control on a color television receiver that regulates the saturation (vividness) of colors in a color picture.

CHROMA DETECTOR Detects the absence of chrominance information in a color encoder input. The chroma detector automatically deletes the color burst from the color encoder output when the absence of chrominance is detected.

CHROMATIC ABERRATION An optical defect of a lens which causes different colors or wave lengths of light to be focused at different distances from the lens. It is seen as color fringes or halos along edges and around every point in the image.

CHROMATICITY The color quality of light which is defined by the wavelength (hue) and saturation. Chromaticity defines all the qualities of color except its brightness.

CHROMINANCE SIGNAL That portion of the NTSC color television signal which contains the color information.

CIRCLE OF CONFUSION The image of a point source, formed by light passing through a lens, on a plane behind the lens. The size of the circle of confusion will be a minimum at the focal plane, and will increase with distance from the focal plane in either direction. For a diffraction limited (effectively perfect) lens, the acceptable circle of confusion could be taken as the size of the airy disc. The term, circle of least confusion, is used to describe the best focus of an astigmatic lens.

CIRCUIT A complete path in which electrons can flow from the negative terminal of a voltage source through components and conductors to the positive terminal of the same source.

CIRCUIT BREAKER A device, usually electromechanical, which detects excessive power demands in a circuit and self interrupts when they occur.

CIRCUIT CARD A fiberboard or epoxy‑glass board with electrical traces on one or both sides that are produced by etching unwanted portions of a metal laminate. Electrical components are soldered to the card at various trace locations to form a complete circuit. Although the term, circuit card, generally applies to a printed circuit board complete with components, a circuit card is also often referred to as a printed circuit board.

CIRCUMVENTION The defeat of an alarm system by the avoidance of its detection devices, such as by jumping over a pressure sensitive mat, by entering through a hole cut in an unprotected wall rather than through a protected door, or by keeping outside the range of an ultrasonic motion detector. Circumvention contrasts with spoofing.

CITY BOX A municipal fire alarm junction box. Also called a master box.

CK 1. Change key. 2. Control key.

CLAMPING The setting of a given picture level before a line is scanned on a video screen.

CLASS A ALARM SYSTEM 1. A specification that requires alarm operation even in the event of a single break or ground fault in the signal line. 2. A UL classification which sets standards for installation of alarm equipment and response time. See UL 611.

CLASS A CIRCUIT A type of four wire alarm circuit used to detect an alarm or line fault. No terminating resistance is used. The circuit allows reporting of an alarm condition even when a trouble condition has occurred. Two conductors run from the alarm panel to the sensor, and two return. A single break does not prevent the reception of an alarm signal, but does initiate a trouble condition.

CLASS A ELECTRONIC LINE SUPERVISION A system that transmits over wire a pseudo‑random generated tone or tones or digital type modulation. This system exceeds the previous "High Line Security" system requirement.

CLASS B ALARM SYSTEM A fire protection specification that requires the detection of an alarm, a single break, or a ground fault in a signal line. A break or ground fault causes further alarms to go undetected.

CLASS B CIRCUIT There are two types of Class B circuits: four wire and two wire. In a four wire system, two conductors travel from an alarm panel, connect with the alarm sensor(s), and return to the alarm panel. One broken conductor prevents the reception of an alarm signal from any point beyond the break. A trouble condition is also initiated. In a two‑wire system, only one conductor travels from the panel to the sensor and back again. A single break prevents all alarm transmission and initiates a trouble condition at the control panel.

CLASS B ELECTRONIC LINE SUPERVISION A system that transmits over wire a digital or tone type modulation. This system is equivalent to the previous "High Line Security" system requirement.

CLASS C ELECTRONIC LINE SUPERVISION A system, AC or DC, that is wire transmitted. This system is equivalent to the previous "Standard Line Security" system requirements.

CLASSIFICATION AUTHORITY This refers to the authority that is vested in an official of the US Government to make an initial determination that information requires protection against unauthorized disclosure in the interest of national security. Original classification actions may only be accomplished by an Original Classification Authority formally designated in accordance with the provisions of Executive Order 12356.

CLASSIFICATION GUIDE This is a document issued by an authorized original classifier that prescribes the level of classification and appropriate declassification instructions for specified information to be classified on a derivative basis. Classification guides are provided to contractors by the DD Form 254, "Department of Defense Contract Security Classification Specifications."

CLASSIFIED CONTRACT A classified contract is any contract that requires or will require access to classified information by the contractor or his or her employees in the performance of the contract. A contract may be a classified contract even though the contract document is not classified.

CLASSIFIED INFORMATION This is information or material that is (1) owned by, produced by or for, or under the control of the U.S. Government; (2) determined under E.O. 12356 or prior orders to require protection against unauthorized disclosure; and (3) so designated.

CLASSIFIER A classifier is an individual who makes a classification determination and applies a security classification to information or material. A classifier may be a classification authority or may derivatively assign a security classification based on a properly classified source or a classification guide.

CLEVIS A metal link used to attach a chain to a padlock.

CLICK STOP A detente position on an aperture, shutter speed, film speed or other control, which provides a positive and repeatable setting by the use of a spring mechanism which locks the control ratio one of a series of notches.