First conditional If+Present Simple, Present Continuos


Exercises 1. Answer the following questions



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Exercises

1. Answer the following questions.

  1. What was the name of Tonganoxie High School basket­
    ball team?

  2. What kind of atmosphere was there at the game be­
    tween Tonganoxie High School and St John's High
    School?

  3. Who was considered to be the best player of the Chief­
    tains?

  4. How did Debbie support her boyfriend, Tommy Green,
    at the game?

  5. Why didn't Tommy pass the ball to Steve when Steve
    was in the position to make the basket?

  6. Why did Sid Lawrence shout at Tommy when he saw
    him after the game?

  7. Why did Tommy decide to quit his team?

  8. Did Debbie support his behaviour? Whose side was she
    on? How did Tommy behave in the ice-parlor?

  9. Who became the new captain of the Chieftains? Do you
    think he was a better captain than Tommy? Explain.



  1. "I'll be there when you lose."

  2. "Don't be too sure"

  3. "The truth sometimes hurts."

  4. "Are you going to be at the dance tomorrow night?"

  5. "I'm already going with somebody."

5. Read the thoughts that sometimes go through Deb­bie's head and match two parts of the sentences.


6. Complete the short dialogues with conditional sentences.

1. — The bus always takes such a long time to school. If I

(have) a car, I (drive) to school. — Well, if we all (drive) to school in our own cars, we

(need) a bigger parking lot. 2• — If my mother (not need) a car, I (come) to the party

tonight.



10. How did Tommy's mood change when the Chieftains
began to win one game after another with the new

captain?


  1. Why didn't Tommy take part in the celebrations orga­
    nized by the students?


  2. How did Tommy try to make up with Debbie? Did he

succeed? 2. Find in the text the English equivalents for:

проиграть, игрок № 1, забросить мяч в корзину, быть в неподходящей позиции для броска, край, передать мяч, контролировать себя, воспользоваться шансом уйти, кафе-мороженое, представление с одним участником, счет в матче, уверенный в себе 3. Change the following sentences as in the example.

Use the Passive Voice. Example: Weston easily beat the Chieftains.

The Chieftains were easily beaten by Weston.

  1. Sid Lawrence shouted at Tommy after the game.

  2. One of St John's players caught the ball after it hit the
    edge of the basket.

  3. Tommy was glad that the students and teachers were

talking about him.

4. "Just wait, Debbie, they'll soon ask me to come back",

said Tommy.



  1. The Chieftains won the forth game, too.

  2. Before he quit the team, everybody had invited him to

parties.

7. "You should draw the St John's players away from the
basket", Sid Lawrence instructed Tommy.

4. Who of the characters of the story said these words and in what connection?

  1. "But you don't listen!"

  2. "Shut your big mouth, Tommy."

If I wasn't too lazy, If I won $ 10,000,

If a film was made here in Tonganoxie next month

If a homework machine was invented,

If the President knew our phone number,

If I was allowed to go on vacation without my par­ents next summer,

If somebody from another world landed in Tonganoxie,

If people never dreamt about impossible things,

might buy myself a super omputer.

hе could call me sometimes and ask me for my opinion.

I might get up now and do my homework.

I'd fly to Europe and visit Ruth.

life would be much more boring.

our town would suddenly ibe in the news all over the world.

could meet lots of ac­tresses.



[all students would cheer its inventor.

  • And if I (be allowed) to have my parents' car, (you/
    come) with me then?

  • Oh, if you (take) me, I (go).

3. — (you/visit) your cousin in Germany if she (invite)

you?


Well, I suppose if she (ask) me, I (save) my money

for the flight and visit her.



4. — If James (get) himself a job, he (be able) to buy a

car.


That's right. But he (not have) enough time for all

his hobbies if he (have) a job. 7. You must be joking! Practice conditional sentences. I

  1. Do you like dogs? (not run when I see one)

  2. Is your father a good driver? (have fewer accidents)

  3. Do your parents have their own plane? (also need their

own airport)

4. Is your sister afraid of ghosts? (not read so many ghost

stories)


5. Are you good at maths? (not need my mother's help so

often)


  1. Do you watch a lot of TV? (soon have square eyes)

  2. Can you look into the future? (drop out of school and
    start a business)

8. Can elephants fly? (be birds)

Example: 1. You must be joking! If I liked dogs, I wouldn't

run when I see one. 2. You must be joking! If he was ... , he'd ...

8. Summary writing. Match the parts of the sentences correctly and you will get a summary of the story. The endings of the sentences are in the right order.

Steve and Rick, two other there was a fantastic
players, atmosphere in the gym.

He was not invited the Chieftains had a

chance to win the game.



During the game against but he was in a bad posi-
St John's tion.

After the game Mr Lawrence it to another player. But in the end the team and missed the basket.

But he did not pass the Chieftains' coach

screamed at Tommy.

Because of all this, Tommy were angry with Tommy,

too.


A few seconds before the end left the team.
Tommy was no longer that he was wrong.
Even Debbie did not to listen to her.

Debbie, his girlfriend, told lost two more games, him

Tommy Green got the ball, got better and was suc­cessful again.

Without Tommy, the was a better captain than

Chieftains Tommy.

He threw the ball himself so confident

But Tommy did not want to the students' parties

any longer.



Everybody could see that want to go out with him
Steve Hitchcock anv more.

9. Talking about the people in the story.

1. Why was it right/wrong of Tommy to leave the

team?


2. Why did the team win again although they had lost

their best player?



3. Was Debbie fair towards Tommy when he asked her

about the dance?



10. Interview writing.

Imagine you are a reporter with a Tonganoxie news­paper. Write two short interviews: one with Tommy af­ter the game against St John's, and another with Steve against Benjamin Franklin High School.

THE WORLD | PARLIAMENT

OF BRITAIN

The medieval kings were expected to meet all royal expenses, private and public, out oi their revenue. If extra resources were needed for an emergency, such as war, the Sovereign would seek to persuade his barons in the Great Council — a gathering of leading men which met several times a year — to grant aid. During the 13th century several English kings found the private revenues and baronial aids insufficient to meet the expenses of government. They therefore summoned not only the great feudal magnates but also representatives of countries, cit­ies and towns, primarily to get their assent to extraordi­nary taxation. In this way the Great Council came to include those who were summoned by name (those who, broadly speaking, were to form the House of Lords) and those who were representatives of communities — the Commons. The two parts, together with the Sovereign, became known as 'Parliament' (the term originally meant a meeting for parley or discussion).

The three elements which make up Parliament — the Sovereign, the House of Lords and the elected House of Commons are constituted on different principles. They meet together only on occasions of symbolic significance such as the State Opening of Parliament, when the Com-

mons are summoned by the Sovereign to the House of
Lords. p

The main 'unctions of Parliament are:



  • to pass laws;

  • to pro\ ide (by voting for taxation) the means of
    carrying on the work of government;

  • to scrutinize government policy and administra­
    tion, including proposals for expenditure; and

  • to debate the major issues of the day.

A Parliament has a maximum duration of five years, but in practice General Elections are usually held before the end of this term. The maximum life has been pro­longed by 'egislation in rare circumstances such as the two world wars. Dissolution of Parliament and writs for a General Election are ordered by the Sovereign on the advice of the Prime Minister.

The life of a Parliament is divided into sessions. Each usually lasts for one year— normally beginning and end­ing in October or November. There are 'adjournments' at night, at weekends, at Christmas, Easter and the late Spring Bank Holiday, and during a long summer break usually staiting in late July. The average number of 'sit­ting' days in a session is about 168 in the House of Commons and about 146 in the House of Lords. At the start of each session the Sovereign's speech to Parlia­ment outlines- the Government's policies and proposed legislative programme. Each session is ended by proroga­tion.

The House of Lords consists of the Lords Spiritual and the Lords Temporal. The Lords Spiritual are the Arch­bishops of Canterbury and York, the Bishops of London, Durham and Winchester, and the 21 next most senior diocesan bishops of the Church of England. The Lords Temporal consist of all hereditary peers of England, Scot­land, Great Britain and the United Kingdom (but not peers

of Ireland); life peers created to assist the House in its judicial duties and all other Hie peers.

Both hereditary and life peerages are created by the Sovereign on the advice of the Prime Minister. The House also provides a place in Parliament for people, including cross-benches, who offer useful advice but do not wish to be involved in party politics.

The Government is committed to a step-by-step re­form of the House of Lords. It proposes to make the chamber more democratic and representative by:

  • removing the right of hereditary peers to sit and
    vote in the chamber;

  • establishing a transitional House with reformed
    arrangements for the nomination of life peers; and

  • initiating wide-ranging longer-term reform.

The Government introduced the House of Lords Bill. When enacted, the legislation would remove the right of some 750 people to sit and vote in Parliament solely on the basis that they inherited their seats. 92 existing hereditary peers would be allowed to sit temporarily in the transitional chamber until a full reform programme is in place.

Members of the House of Lords receive no salary for their parliamentary work, but can claim for expenses incurred in attending the House and certain travelling expenses.

The House is presided over by the Lord Chancellor, who takes his place on the woolsack, a seat in the form of a large cushion stuffed with wool from several Common­wealth countries; it is a tradition dating from the medi­eval period, when wool was the chief source of the coun­try's wealth.

The House of Commons is elected by universal adult suffrage and consists of 659 Members of Parliament (MPs).

General Elections are held after a Parliament has been dissolved and a new one summoned by the Sovereign.

Members are paid an annual salary. The chief officer of the House of Commons is the Speaker, elected by MPs to preside over the House.

The party system, which has existed in one form or another since the 18th century, is an essential element in the working of the constitution. The present system de­pends upon the existence of organized political parties, each of which presents its policies to the electorate for approval; in practice most candidates in elections, and almost all winning candidates, belong to one of the main parties. S system for voluntary registration for political parties in the UK was introduced in 1998.

For the last 150 years a predominantly two-party system has existed in Britain. Since 1945 either the Con­servative Party, whose origins go back to the 18th century, or the Labour Party, which emerged in the last decade of the 19th century, has held power. A new party — the Lib­eral Democrats, was formed in 1988 when the Liberal Par­ty, which traced its origins to the 18th century, merged with the Social Democratic Party, formed in 1981. Other par­ties include two national parties, Plaid Cymru (founded in Wales in 1925) and the Scottish National Party (founded in 1934). Northern Ireland has a number of parties.

Since 1945 eight General Elections have been won by the Conservative Party and seven by the Labour Par­ty; the great majority of members of the House of Com­mons have belonged to one of these two parties.

Leaders of the Government and Opposition sit on the front benches of the Commons with their supporters (the 'backbenchers') sitting behind them. Similar arrangements for the parties apply to the House of Lords; however, a significant number of Lords do not wish to be associated with any political party, and sit on the 'cross-benches'.

The effectiveness of the party system in Parliament rests largely on the relationship between the Govern­ment and the opposition parties.

UNIT4

WE LEARN I LANGUAGE

Asking for

Giving

Refusing permission

permission

Can I , please? '
do you think I <

permission

Yes,) certainly... of course

Sorry,) I'm afraid... I'm afraid you can't...

could ...

Yes,) certainly '. you can

I'm afraid not I'm afraid I can't let you...

Would it be possible...?

3y all means Yes, that's fine /all

I'm afraid that's not/it is not possible (for you)...

Could I...?

right




I wonder if I could







Do you mind if...?

You're (very) welcome to ...

I'm sorry, that's not/it's not allowed...




Please, don't







hesitate to...




Any chance of.... Mind...?

OK/Fine/All right (by me)

I'm sorry, I'm not supposed to/not

OK ...?

Go (right) ahead

allowed to let you...

All right if ..? Let me would

(Yes,) why not? (Yes,) of course

You're not really supposed to/allowed to...




you can...

I don't really think you

you? Can I have the

Go (right) ahead

should/ought to...

OK/go-ahead...?

and... No reason why not

I'd like to, but... I can't possibly...




No reason why

Sorry...




you shouldn't ...

(Sorry,) no way







(Sorry,) out of the question

Develop the situations. In pairs make up dia­logues

  1. You have discovered you lost your umbrella. You want
    to borrow one. Ask your friend for permission.

  2. You are going to buy new shoes. You want to try some
    on before you buy them.

  3. The man next table is asking you to let him have your
    salt and pepper.

  4. Your friend invites you to visit his/her place with your
    parents. You don't like the idea.

GRAMMAR I ORDER OF

IN USE I ADJECTIVES

When there are two or more adjectives they usually go in the following order:

general nice

size big

age new

shape oval

colour green and red

pattern polka dotted

material plastic

origin Spanish

noun ball

We usually use three or four adjectives as maxi­mum. When it happens use the above order of adjec­tives.

A nice oval green and red Spanish ball.

Exersises



1. Jane works at the Lost and Found Office in London.
Every day a lot of people enquire for their things
there. Make up sentences. Put the adjectives in the
correct order.

  • Mrs Green: a big brown leather bag

  • Lucy Donn: a stripped Japanese small umbrella

  • Billy Brown: a green new plastic bag

  • John Gray: a metal Swiss round watch

  • Kate Right: a wooden large square box

  • Garry Brucks: a grey Siamese small cat

2. Write the adjectives in the correct order.

  1. She lived in a clean house new small.

  2. There are old metal green chairs in the garden.

  3. She was given a silver watch round.

  4. There was a bronze big statue old in the yard.

  5. I've got a square light kitchen good in my new flat.

  6. I bought a Japanese red car sport.

  7. All the animals were in huge cages metal square.

  8. She was given a new very beautiful box wooden Chi­
    nese.

  9. They are wearing stripped French silk shirts and plain
    grey shorts.

  10. It was a thick English new book .

3. Sally works in a toy shop. She is arranging the toys on the shelves. Fill in the gaps

  1. I should put bear next to the lion.

  2. The monkey should be placed on the second

shelf.

  1. Where is the doll? I can't find it

  2. I don't see the toy car. Where is it?




  1. The boxes are not on their places.

  2. Why are the cows on the floor?

  3. I don't like monsters. I'm not going to sell them.

REMEMBER (TOGO

THE PHRASAL ' VERBS



  • to go ahead — to begin or continue
    Go ahead, we are all listening.

  • to go along — to continue.

I'm sure she was making her speech up as she went along.

to go at — to attack •



Our dog went at the postman.

to go far — to become successful; succeed


Don't you think he will go very far.

to go over — to look at, examine (something) to


see that is good; search (something) for faults, or (some­
one) for something wrong.

We went over the house thoroughly before buying it.

to go through — to suffer or experience



The country has gone through too many wars.

to go under — to fail



Many restaurants go under in the first year.

to go up — to climb, rise


Prices have gone up again.

Exersises 1. Fill in the blanks.

1. He has such a lot since his wife died.



  1. She is very clever and will in her job.

  2. The two girls each other like animals.

  3. Smoke was in a straight line, showing that there

was no wind.

5. The council gave us a permission to with our

building plans.

6 — all the prisoners to see that they are not hiding

any weapons.



7. Many small firms to strong competition from big

business.



8. I like to add up my bank account as I go along.

2. Match the parts of the sentences.


The doctor went over the girl carefully...

Go up to the top of the stairs and turn right, ...

How does she keep smiling ...

That young man will go far...

At first Jim's father thought his firm will go under, ...

In spite of the chairman's illness,...

The newspapers are going at the government, ...

You may have some difficulty first but you'll find it easier...

...as you go along. ... see if I'm not right!

...the meeting will go ahead

as planned.



... aren't they? ... that's my room.

...but couldn't find any broken bones.

...but after a short struggle he made a success of the business.

... after all she has gone through.

JOBS


1. Learn the following job-titles which are found in a
wide range of different work places.

Boss, director, manager, executive, administrator, secre­tary, clerk, skilled worker, unskilled worker, labourer, recep­tionist, public relations officer, safety officer, union official, economist, personnel officer, sales assistant, adviser, educa­tion officer, research-worker supervisor.

2. Learn the following expressions connected with work.

To work shift-work, to be on flexi-time, to work nine-to-five, to go/be on strike, to get the sack, to be fired, to be dismissed, to be made redundant, to be laid off, to give up work, to be on/take maternity leave, to be on/ take sick leave, to take early retirement, to be a workaholic, to be promoted, to apply for a job.

3. Learn the following professions (jobs that require


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