Gender trouble: Feminism and the Subversion of Identity
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Quiz-Introducing Translation Studies, Quiz-Introducing Translation Studies, Quiz-Introducing Translation Studies, Quiz-Introducing Translation Studies
| Culture: Interviews and Other Writings, 1977–1984, ed. Lawrence Kritzman (New York Routledge, 1988), p. 291. 20. Michel Foucault, The Order of Things An Archaelogy of the Human Sciences (New York:Vintage, 1973), p. xv. Michel Foucault, ed, I, Pierre Rivière, Having Slaughtered My Mother, My Sister, and My Brother A Case of Parricide in the 19th Century, trans. Frank Jellinek (Lincoln University of Nebraska Press, 1975), originally published as Moi, Pierre Rivière ayant égorgé mam re, ma soeur et mon frère . . . (Paris: Editions Gallimard, 1973). 22. Jacques Derrida, From Restricted to General Economy A Hegelianism without Reserve in Writing and Difference, trans. Alan Bass (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1978), originally published as L’Ecriture et la différence (Paris: Editions du Seuil, 1967). 23. See Héléne Cixous, The Laugh of Medusa in New French Feminisms. 24. Quoted in Anne Fausto-Sterling, Life in the XY Corral Women’s Notes to Chapter 3 211 Studies International Forum, Vol. 12, No. 3, 1989, Special Issue on Feminism and Science In Memory of Ruth Bleier, edited by Sue V. Rosser, p. 328. All the remaining citations in this section are from her article and from two articles she cites David C. Page, et al., The sex- determining region of the human Y chromosome encodes a finger protein in Cell, No. 51, pp. 1091–1104, and Eva Eicher and Linda Washburn, Genetic control of primary sex determination in mice,” Annual Review of Genetics, No. 20, pp. 327–360. 25. Wittig notes that English compared to French has the reputation of being almost genderless, while French passes fora very gendered language. It is true that strictly speaking, English does not apply the mark of gender to inanimate objects, to things or nonhuman beings. But as far as the categories of the person are concerned, both languages are bearers of gender to the same extent (The Mark of Gender Feminist Issues, Vol. 5, No, Fall 1985, p. 3. Also in The Straight Mind and Other Essays, pp. See chapter 3, n. 4). 26. Although Wittig herself does not argue the point, her theory might account for the violence enacted against sexed subjects—women, lesbians, gay men, to name a few—as the violent enforcement of a category violently constructed. In other words, sexual crimes against these bodies effectively reduce them to their sex thereby reaffirming and enforcing the reduction of the category itself. Because discourse is not restricted to writing or speaking, but is also social action, even violent social action, we ought also to understand rape, sexual violence, “queer-bashing” as the category of sex inaction. Monique Wittig, One is Not Born a Woman Feminist Issues, Vol. 1, No. Winter 1981, p. 48. Also in The Straight Mind and Other Essays, pp. see chapter 3, n. 49. 28. Ibid, p. 17. 29. Wittig, The Mark of Gender p. 4. 30. Monique Wittig, The Straight Mind Feminist Issues, Vol. 1, No. Summer 1980, p. 105. Also in The Straight Mind and Other Essays, pp. 21–32, see chapter 3, n. 49. 31. Ibid, p. 107. 32. Ibid, p. 106. 33. The Mark of Gender p. 4. Gender Trouble 212 34. Ibid, p. 5. 35. Ibid, p. 6. 36. Ibid. Ibid. Ibid. Monique Wittig, Paradigm in Homosexualities and French Literature: Cultural Contexts/Critical Texts, eds. Elaine Marks and George Stambolian (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1979), p. 119. Consider the radical difference, however, between Wittig’s acceptance of the use of language that valorizes the speaking subject as autonomous and universal and Deleuze’s Nietzschean effort to displace the speaking I as the center of linguistic power. Although both are critical of psychoanalysis, Deleuze’s critique of the subject through recourse to the will-to-power sustains closer parallels to the displacement of the speaking subject by the semiotic/unconscious within Lacanian and post-Lacanian psychoanalytic discourse. For Wittig, it appears that sexuality and desire are self- determined articulations of the individual subject, whereas for both Deleuze and his psychoanalytic opponents, desire of necessity displaces and decenters the subject. Far from presupposing a subject Deleuze argues, desire cannot be attained except at the point where someone is deprived of the power of saying I Gilles Deleuze and Claire Parnet, Download 0.76 Mb. Share with your friends:
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