Gross anatomy 205 midterm examination october 10, 1995

c. secretions from submandibular and sublingual glands

d. general sensation from floor of the mouth

e. general sensation from the lower lip
26. When you ask your patient to open wide and say "Ah," you noticethat his soft palate deviates to the right side. You immediately

suspect damage to which of the following nerves?

b. right glossopharyngeal (IX)

c. left glossopharyngeal (IX)

d. left vagus (X)

e. right vagus (X)
27. During reconstructive surgery to protrude or slide forward the lower jaw of a micrognathic patient, you must take care not to sever

the inferior alveolar nerve. Recalling the anatomy of the infratemporal fossa, you would transect (saw through) the mandible

b. above the lingula

c. below the mandibular foramen

d. through the middle of the mylohyoid ridge

e. just posterior to the mental foramen
28. Swelling of the optic disc or papilledema occurs when venous return from the retina is slowed due to increased pressure of the
a. aqueous humor in the anterior chamber

b. aqueous humor in the posterior chamber

c. vitreous humor behind the lens

d. cerebrospinal fluid around the optic nerve

e. blood in the ophthalmic artery
29. During general anesthesia, the risk of airway obstruction is overcome by inserting a tube into the patient's larynx. This is done because total relaxation of which of the following muscles could lead to suffocation?
a. genioglossus

b. hyoglossus

c. styloglossus

d. palatoglossus

e. aryepiglotticus
30. Herpes zoster is a viral infection causing blisters and rash in regions supplied by the sensory branches of a peripheral nerve. You

observe such eruptions on the oropharynx and in the middle ear cavity and suspect involvement of which cranial nerve?

a. trigeminal (V)

b. facial (VII)

c. vestibulocochlear (VIII)

d. glossopharyngeal (IX)

e. vagus (X)
31. During baseball practice, a batter was hit on the side of the head by a wild pitch. Because he was not wearing protective gear, he was

stunned initially but recovered quickly. Several hours later, he lost consciousness and was brought to the emergency room. You suspect that

his intracranial pressure is elevated because of epidural hemorrhaging from the
a. middle meningeal artery

b. middle cerebral artery

c. basilar artery

d. deep temporal artery

e. superficial temporal artery

32. Severe bleeding can occur after tonsillectomy because the palatine tonsils are supplied by branches of all of the following arteries

except
a. descending palatine

b. ascending pharyngeal

c. lingual

d. facial

e. sphenopalatine
33. Preganglionic parasympathetic fibers exit the brainstem in each of the following cranial nerves except
a. oculomotor (III)

b. trigeminal (V)

c. facial (VII)

d. glossopharyngeal (IX)

e. vagus (X)
34. A metastatic tumor arising in a scalene (deep cervical) lymph node destroys the cervical sympathetic chain in the root of the neck. Which

of the following symptoms will you observe in this patient?

b. dilation of the pupil

c. loss of lacrimal secretion

d. loss of accommodation

e. all of the above
35. Because the oropharynx drains directly into them, which of the following lymph nodes would most likely be enlarged due to spread of

infection from the palatine tonsils?

b. retropharyngeal

c. jugulo-digastric

d. jugulo-omohyoid

e. subclavian
Match each cranial nerve (listed on the left) with the deficit seen when it is damaged (listed on the right).
36. Oculomotor (III) ____ a. absence of gag reflex

37. Trochlear (IV) ____ b. inability to look up and out

38. Abducens (VI) ____ c. inability to look down and out

39. Facial (VII) ____ d. absence of blink reflex

40. Glossopharyngeal(IX) ____ e. diplopia (double vision) on lateral gaze
Match the area of mucous membrane (listed on the left) with its appropriate sensory nerve (listed on the right). You may use any nerve

more than once.

42. Pharyngeal recess ____ b. recurrent laryngeal (X)

43. infraglottic cavity ____ c. internal laryngeal (X)

44. oropharynx ____ d. pharyngeal branch of V2

45. valleculae (taste) ____ e. pharyngeal branch of X
MIDTERM - SEPTEMBER 23, 1992
A. FILL-IN BLANKS (be as precise as possible)
1. In general, flexor muscles in the limbs are supplied by_______________(ventral/dorsal) nerve divisions whereas extensor muscles are supplied by _______________(ventral/dorsal) nerve divisions.
2. The dorsal interosseous muscles of the hand are innervated by the __________________ nerve and the dorsal interosseous muscles of the foot are supplied by the _____________________ nerve.
3. Is it the anterior (ventral) or the posterior (dorsal) primary rami of spinal nerves that supply the muscles of the limbs? ______________
4. The tendon of the ________________ muscle forms the medial border of the "anatomical snuff box."
5. Eversion of the foot is produced mainly by the contraction of the_______________ and the _______________ muscles.
6. The ______________ artery courses through the adductor canal, passes through the hiatus in the _______________ muscle and becomes the _________________ artery.
7. In the superior mediastinum, the most posterior structure (tube) is the ______________.
8. Cardiac veins drain into the ____________ which empties into the ______________ atrium.
9. In the superior mediastinum, the recurrent laryngeal branch of the _______________ (right/left) vagus nerve "recurs" around the ___________________ just behind the ___________________.
10. The cusps of the atrioventricular valves are attached to papillary muscles by the _______________.
11. The _____________ vein arches over the root of the right lung and drains into the _____________________.
13. The actions at the shoulder joint which are produced by the pectoralis major, latissimus dorsi and teres major are ______________ and __________________.
14. The brachioradialis is innervated by the _________________ nerve and acts as a __________________(flexor/extensor) at the elbow joint.
15. The principal action of the obturator internus muscle at the hip joint is ____________________.
16. In the forearm, the common interosseous artery is a branch of the _______________ artery and the anterior interosseous nerve is a branch of the _______________ nerve.

17. Which of the following muscles produces lateral rotation of the arm

at the shoulder joint?
a. supraspinatus

b. infraspinatus

c. teres major

d. pectoralis major

e. subscapularis
20. A ruptured tendo calcaneus ("Achilles tendon") would result in severe impairment or loss of which of the following movements?
a. plantarflexion

b. dorsiflexion

c. inversion

d. eversion

e. rotation
21. Which of the following muscles is not an abductor?
a. gluteus maximus

b. gluteus medius

c. deltoid

d. supraspinatus

e. dorsal interosseous
22. All of the following structures pass through the respective space or foramen except
a. axillary nerve - quadrangular space

b. circumflex scapular artery - triangular space

c. suprascapular artery - suprascapular foramen

d. posterior humeral circumflex artery - quadrangular space

e. suprascapular nerve - suprascapular foramen
23. A young woman is brought to the emergency room after being struck by an automobile while jogging. As she crossed a busy intersection, the front bumper of the automobile collided with her left leg and she was thrown to the ground. You observe a large traumatic bruise on the lateral side of her left leg just below the knee. Remembering your gross anatomy, you warn her that she may experience all of the following symptoms except
a. footdrop or the inability to dorsiflex her foot

b. inability to evert her foot

c. inability to flex her toes

d. loss of sensation on the dorsum (top) of her foot

e. a possible fracture of the fibula
25. A young man is brought to the emergency room after falling from a tree. As he began to fall, he grabbed for a branch with his left arm. This caused avulsion (pulled out of the spinal cord) of the spinal roots which form the lower trunk of the brachial plexus. Remembering your gross anatomy, you inform the young man that he will have difficulty in
a. shrugging his shoulder

b. rotating his arm laterally

c. flexing arm at his elbow

d. abducting his thumb

e. adducting and abducting his fingers

26. Contraction of the flexor digitorum profundus muscle produces flexion at the

b. middle interphalangeal joints

c. metacarpophalangeal joints

d. radiocarpal (wrist) joint

e. all of the above
27. Which of the following muscles is innervated by the lateral plantar nerve?
a. abductor hallucis

b. abductor digiti minimi

c. flexor hallucis brevis

d. flexor digitorum brevis

e. first lumbrical
28. Which of the following muscles are used during forced respiration?
a. pectoralis major

b. serratus anterior

c. serratus posterior

d. all of the above

e. none of the above
29. Which of the following muscles is not innervated by the obturator

nerve?
a. pectineus

b. adductor brevis

c. adductor longus

d. adductor magnus

e. gracilis

forearm approximately 2 to 2 1/2 inches proximal to the wrist. There

was some damage to the flexor carpi ulnaris muscle tendon. The patient

cannot abduct or adduct his fingers.

b. he can not adduct fingers 2,4,5 because the ____________________ muscles are paralyzed.

c. he can not abduct fingers 2,3,4,5 because the ___________________ and __________________ muscles are paralyzed.

d. he can not _______________(abduct/adduct) his thumb.

e. he has loss of sensation to the skin over the ______________ (thenar/hypothenar) eminence.
E. MATCHING COLUMN
34. Match the structure listed in the right column with the most

appropriate structure in the left column (i.e. muscle - action or

nerve supply, artery - branch, bone - process or joint surface)
adductor magnus _________ A. external oblique

abductor pollicis longus _________ B. internal oblique

abductor hallucis _________ C. obturator nerve

biceps brachii _________ D. radial nerve

plantar arch _________ E. medial plantar nerve

superficial palmar arch _________ F. lateral plantar artery

cephalic vein _________ G. ulnar artery

coronary sinus _________ H. right atrium

mitral valve _________ I. left ventricle

intercostal vein _________ J. azygos vein

inguinal ligament _________ K. axillary vein

cremaster muscle _________ L. supination

appropriate clinical symptom or problem listed in the right column.

radial nerve _________ B. foot-drop

common peroneal nerve _________ C. heart murmur

superior gluteal nerve _________ D. angina pectoris

femoral ring _________ E. shoulder separation

mitral valve _________ F. shoulder dislocation

coronary artery _________ G. femoral hernia

acromioclavicular joint _________ H. carpal tunnel syndrome