Gulf War Air Power Survey


Blueball Express Trucks at Al Kharj Enroute to Taif



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Blueball Express Trucks at Al Kharj Enroute to Taif.



372 Ibid.

373 Ibid.

374 Intvw, with Lt Col Robert E. Edmisten.

375 (S) Tanker Study, Headquarters Strategic Air Command, Plans and Resources (XP), 1 Mar 1991, p 5-1.

376 (S) Desert Shield/Desert Storm Tanker Assessment, Headquarters Strategic Air Command, Plans & Requirements (XP), 23 Sep 1991, p 1-3.

377 Memo for the Record, SAC/LGL, “Movement of Passengers and Cargo,” 8 Jan 91, in History, HQ SAC, Jan-Dec 91, p 493.

378 DS/DS Tanker Assessment, p 3-7.

379 Ibid, p 4-10.

380 Ibid, p 9-2.

381 Ibid, p 9-3.

382 Ibid, p 2-13.

383 Briefing, SAC Battle Staff, 27 Feb 1991.

384 DS/DS Tanker Assessments, p 2-3.

385 History of the Strategic Air Command, 1 Jan - 31 Dec 90, Volume I Narrative, p 335.

386 History, p 323.

387 DS/DS Tanker Assessments, p 4-11.

388 Ibid, p 5-2.

389 History, p 332.

390 DS/DS Tanker Assessments, p 5-2.

391 Ibid, p 5-2.

392 Ibid, p 4-3.

393 History, p 333.

394 DS/DS Tanker Assessments, p 4-4.

395 Ibid, p 4-5.

396 History, p 338.

397 DS/DS Tanker Assessments, p 4-6.

398 Ibid, p 4-7.

399 Ibid, p 4-8.

400 Ibid, p 4-6.

401 Ibid, p 4-8.

402 History, p 344.

403 DS/DS Tanker Assessment, p 4-9.

404 Ibid, p 5-8.

405 Ibid.

406 History, p 365.

407 Ibid.

408 Headquarters Strategic Air Command/DOOT.

409 Ibid.

410 GWAPS Analysis of ATO Data.

411 DS/DS Tanker Assessment, p 5-5.

412 Ibid, p 5-6.

413 DS/DS Tanker Assessments, p 5-7.

414 Ibid, p 8-2.

415 Ibid, p 8-1.

416 The “see and avoid” concept requires pilots to scan the sky constantly for other aircraft and to take evasive action if a potential mid-air collision is detected. The primary problem with this concept is that it is very difficult to detect a developing mid-air collision in bad weather, at night, or head-on. The “big sky” theory is that one doesn't need to worry about avoiding a mid-air collision because the sky is big enough to prevent one.

417 Air Force Inspection and Safety Center.

418 (S/NF) Tanker Tactics in Southeast Asia, 17AD(P) Pamphlet 3/1, 10 Nov 1990.

419 DS/DS Tanker Assessment, p 8-3.

420 Ibid, p 6-5.

421 Ibid, p 6-6.

422 DS/DS Tanker Assessment, p 6-7.

423 Ibid, p 8-3.

424 Ibid, p 8-6.

425 Ibid, p 8-7.

426 Lt Gen Charles A. Horner USAF, Commander CENTAF, Article: Desert Shield and Desert Storm: An Overview. Air Power History, Published by Air Force Historical Foundation, Virginia Military Institute, Lexington, VA 24450, Fall 1991, p 6.

427 Intvw, Col J. A. Cyr, AF/DPXC, 20 Apr 1992.

428 (S) Intvw, Ms. Bev Hooper, AF/LGSP, 25 Mar 1992.

429 (S/NF/WN) Rpt, Conduct of the Persian Gulf Conflict, Vol III, p D43-45, Jan 1992.

430 (S) Rpt, Conduct of the Persian Gulf Conflict, Vol III, p D11-15, Jan 1992; and (S) Ltr, Review of TAC History Draft, 12 Jul 1991.

431 (S) Intvw, Ms Bev Hooper, AF/LGSP, 2 Apr 1992.

432 (S) Briefing, Lt Col Brad Christy, Ammunition Control Point (ACP), subj: “USAF Global Asset Prepositioning,” undated.

433 (S) HQ TAC History (Munitions Support Annex) Draft, 12 Jul 1991, p 2.

434 (S) Intvw, CENTAF/LGW, 15 Apr 1992.

435 CENTAF Master Storage Plan 1-89, CENTAF/LGW; confirmed by MSgt Reed, CENTAF LGW for Oman figures. (S) AF/ACP MSG 110235Z Aug 1990, subj; Saudi Deployment Ammunition Availability on Prepo Ships, source for Afloat numbers.

436 (S) Intvw, CENTAF/LGW, 15 Apr 1992.

437 Ibid.

438 (S) Rpt, AF/ACP Report to GAO on Munitions Ops, Jan 1992, p 8.

439 (S) Intvw, Maj Keller, Cmdr, 2701 Muns Maint and Test Sqdn, Hill AFB, UT, 12 Mar 1992.

440 (S/NF/RD) HQ SAC History, 1 Jan thru 31 Dec 1990, p 182.

441 Ibid, p 200.

442 (S) Msg 4300BW(P), 150330Z Aug 1990, subj: EARFLAP to HQ AF/LRC, SAC/BS, and AF/ACP.

443 Ibid, p 197.

444 (S) Rpt, SAC History for 1990, pp 462-463.

445 Ibid, p 205.

446 Ibid.

447 (S) Brfg Slide, CENTAF Critical Munitions Status, to Chief of Staff, 10 Aug 1990.

448 (S) Rpt, Conduct of the Persian Gulf Conflict, Vol III, p D10-11.

449 Rpt, “Conduct of the Persian Gulf War,” Final Report to Congress, Apr 1992, p 43, file NS252.

450 USAF/ACP report to the GAO.

451 Conduct of the Persian Gulf Conflict Vol III, p 39.

452 (S) Rpt, Conduct of the Persian Gulf Conflict, Vol III, p App F-32.

453 Intvw, Dakan with LC B. Swezey, CENTAF/LGW, 15 Apr 1992.

454 (S) Msg, CENTAF REAR to AF/ACP, et al, “Seven Day Munitions Requirements,” 160105Z Aug 1990. This is also the source of the “on-hand” figures in column 2.

455 (S) Msg, USCENTAF FWD/LG, “projected Munitions Requirements,” USCENTAF FWD/LG to AF/ACP, et al, 211356Z Aug 1992.

456 (S) Msg, USCENTAF FWD/LG, USCENTAF Munitions Rqts, USCENTAF/LG to USCENTAF REAR, AF/ACP, et al, 291509Z Dec 1990.

457 (S) Msg, USCENTAF/LG/DO, “Projected 90-day and 120-day Muns, CENTAF/LG/DO to USCENTAF REAR, AF/ACP, et al, 240615Z Jan 1991.

458 Based on EARFLAP reports completed by AF/LGMW and input from the Ammunition Control Point.

459 Brfg, AF/LGSP, Munitions Consumption, Operation Desert Storm, 17 Mar 1992.

460 (S) Msg, USAF/ACP 110310Z Aug 1990; and (S) Msg, USAF/LRC 11120Z Aug 1990.

461 (S) Msg, USAF/ACP, response to GAO questions on munitions support to operation Desert Storm.

462 (S) Msg, HQ USAFE, 161800z Sep 1990.

463 Ibid.

464 (S) Rpt, USAF/ACP to GAO, Jan 1992.

465 Chrt, Movement of muns in DS/DS, AF/ACP, 2 May 1991.

466 (S) USCINCCENT OPLAN 1002-90 (Draft).

467 Rpt, USAF/ACP to GAO, “Munitions Activity in SWA,” Jan 1992.

468 (S) CENTAF/LGW Lessons Learned, May 1991.

469 (S) USAF/ACP Report to GAO, Jan 1992.

470 Ibid.

471 (S) Intvw, Lt Col Brad Christy, AF/ACP, Munitions activities in the Gulf War, 13 Mar 1992; (S) Intvw, Maj Bob Lerner, CENTAF/LGW, 15 Apr 1992; (S) Intvw, Lt Col Bill Swezey, ASD/ALZ, 15 Apr 1992; (Lt Col Swezey was the senior munitions manager in CENTAF FWD during Operation Desert Shield and Desert Storm); Hq USAFE/LGW Lessons Learned, the Gulf War, undated.

472 CENTAF/LGW Lessons Learned briefing, May 1991.

473 (S) Msg, CENTAF/LGW 221016Z Feb 1991.

474 (S) USCOMCENTAF SITREP 181800 Sep 1990.

475 (S) Msg, USAF/ACP AMMO 1 Net 282000Z Nov 1990.

476 (S) Msg, AFISC/SEW 221640Z Mar 1991.

477 AFISC/SEW, Lessons Learned in Desert Shield/Desert Storm, Jun 1991.

478 (S) Intvw, CENTAF/LGW, 15 Apr 1992.

479 (S) Rpt, AF/ACP, “Answers to GAO Questions on Desert Shield, Desert Storm,” p 16.

480 (S) Intvw, CENTAF/LGW, 15 Apr 1992.

481 Rpt, AF/ACP Answers to GAO, Jan 1992, p 16.

482 (S) Intvw, Lt Col E. B. Christy, AF/ACP, 25 Apr 1992.

483 (S) Msg, AF/ACP to CENTAF/LG and CENTAF REAR, subj: Proposed Munitions Support CENTAF, 121557Z Jan 1991.

484 Ibid, p 17.

485 Article, “War Planner: Civilians Didn't Change Target List,” Air Force Times, 8 Jul 1992, (SD 4-16); (S/DECLASS: OADR) Msg, HQ TAC/DR to USAFTFWC/CC, et al, subj: Seek Eagle Request (SER 41-91) Delivery Info for CBU-87/89 and MK 84/82/20 with wing tanks on the F-15E Desert Storm, 232321Z Jan 1991, (SD 4-17); (S/DECLASS: OADR) Msg, TAC/CV to SAF QA, et al, subj: Desert Storm Deep Hardened Target Pene­tra­tion Test, 191803Z Feb 1991, (SD 4-18); (S/DECLASS: OADR) Msg, USAFTAWC/CC to HQ TAC/DO, et al, End-of-Test Report, GBU-28/B Quick Look, 272000Z Mar 1991, (SD 4-19).

486 (FOUO) Videotape, GBU-28 Hard Target Penetrator Munition, various dates (Sup Video 2); Art, “GBU-28 Desert Storm Rapid Response,” TAC Attack, Jan 1992, p 4-7, (SD 4-20); Intvw, Donna Clark, Historian, with Maj Phillip J. Siebert, 422 TES PRO F-111, 9 Feb 1992; Art, “Pilot's Last War Mission the First for New Bomb,” Air Force Times, 23 Sep 1991, (SD 4-21); (C/DECLASS: OADR) Msg, Det 3 ESAA/CC to DIA, et al, subj: IIR 1218 0104 90/Description of Underground Bunker Iraqi President Saddam Hussein, 231615Z Aug 1990, (SD 4-22); Art, “Powerful GBU-28 Bomb used in Iraq Made of Old Gun Barrels,” Air Force Times, 3 Jun 1991 (SD 4-23).

487 (S) Intvw, Maj Wright, ASD program Manager, Kathy Douglass, ASD deputy program manager, and Art Spencer, Wright Lab (HERD), 28 Jun 1991.

488 (S) Intvw, AF/LGSP and AF/XOOTM, 20 Aug 1992.

489 (S) Intvw, AF/LGSP, 21 Aug 1992.

490 (S) Intvw, AF/LGMW, 20 Aug 1992.

491 (S) Msg, 291530Z, Munitions Requirement, Operation Desert Storm, COMSOCCENT// SOCC//, Jan 1991.

492 (S) Point Paper, on BLU-82, Maj Young, AF/LEYX, 14 Feb 1991.

493 (S) Msg, COMSOCCENT/SOCJ4, Number 51, 10021/10 Feb 1991, subj: Munitions Requirements, BLU-82.

494 Intvw, CMSgt John Delaney, 2721 Munitions Maintenance and Test Squadron, Hill AFB, 1 Apr 1992.

495 (S) Msg, 091300Z Feb 1991, Premature Detonation of FMU-139A/B Fuzes, 1708BWP/CC.

496 (S) Msg, 573, FMU-139 A/B Fuze/Cable Replacement, 1 Feb 1991, USCENTAF/LGW.

497 AF/LGMW Briefing, Operation Desert Storm Munitions Expenditure report, As of 2 Mar 1991. Based on EARFLAP reports.

498 Background Paper, “CENTAF Logistics Story,” CENTAF/LG, Apr 1991.

499 Mission Capable (MC) is the term used to describe an aircraft or other type of equipment that is in a condition that would allow it to perform all of its assigned missions without restriction. The numerical values shown in the figure represent the average frequen­cy over time of the aircraft conditions expressed as a percentage of the number of aircraft in the AOR. The Not Mission Capable Supply (NMCS) and Not Mission Capable Mainte­nance (NMCM) rates represent, respectively, the percentage of time that aircraft were not MC awaiting parts or maintenance actions to be completed.

500 Most of the mobility spares packages that moved forward with the initial aircraft deployments were called war readiness spares kits (WRSK). WRSKs are predetermined and prepackaged spares designed to support deployed units operating at planned wartime activity rates until reliable resupply lines can be established. WRSKs are authorized to units that are designated for mobility tasking in the War and Mobilization Plan, Volume 3 (WMP-3). Other types of spares packages include mission support kits (MSK) which are generally tailored packages of spares designed to support activities not documented in the WMP.
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