Inding your way with poetry adjective



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Linguistics The study of the structure and form of words in language or a language, including inflection, derivation, and the formation of compounds.

INDING YOUR WAY WITH POETRY



Adjective

A word which describes a noun.

For example, “The yellow table.”

Alliteration

Several words beginning with the

same consonant. For example,

“The silent sea swells.”



Anthology

A collection of passages from

literature, usually poems, in

one book.



Figure of Speech

Language which is not literal but

used for effect.

Imagery

Language which produces pictures

in the mind of a reader

by appealing to the senses.



Literal

Keeping strictly to the original

meaning of a word.

Metaphor

A form of comparison which does

not use

‘like’ or ‘as’. For example, a



poet describes loneliness like this:

In the night



I am a solitary bellbird, singing

on my own.”

Noun

The name of a person, place or thing.

For example, “The yellow table.

Rhyme

The repetition of words or syllables

which sound the same:

fl at, bat, chat.



Rhythm

The ‘beat’ ‘like’ ‘as’. “Her hand



claw.”

‘verse’.


Structure

The particular organisation of words

and lines a poet has used in a poem.

Syntax

The way the words are organised in

a sentence in relation to each other.

Verb

An action or ‘doing’ word like smile,

wink, chatter.

Verse

How a poem is divided up.

I remember the last red rose

and that it darkened a little

every day, drawing into itself every = determiner

almost black at the end in its almost = adverb

bright green bottle

on the white sill by the kitchen window,

and the winter weather waning

the garden greening, beyond –

I remember it died, months ago.

The last hard clasp of hands

and the standing together

in the blue winter twilight

with infinite gentleness talking

inconsequentially through

someone’s silent weeping – that too

is over; we scattered long ago

to our afternoon hours

to work and to sleep.

But the night is querulous and full

of arrangements; composing

answers to letters, remembering

obligations, I am held as

at a dull meeting; dry-eyed,

tired-minded, I hear no voices

but the night wind

meddling at the silence

In a great sorrow we are helpless:

children, we trust the pitiless stars

to lead us by the hand; this small

darkness is a shut room.

It is not pain we fear, but triviality.

Lauris Edmond



Images in my head.

Infinite = adjective, without any limit or end.

Inconsequential = adjective, unimportant or insignificant.

Inconsequentially = adverb

Verse 1


Creates in our minds an image of death, an image of things changing. Adjectives based on colour.

Verse 2


Winter is coming to an end. An image of sadness.

Verse 3


An image of lying in bed. Not relaxing, but thinking about things over and over again. No peace to sleep

Verse 4


Acceptance – can’t do anything about it. We have to accept fate – nature.

Legend of Symbols for the Cognātarium

Symbol

Meaning



The green bullet lists words that are derived from the same morpheme, but have variant spelling.



The red bullet lists words that are not in fact related to the subject morpheme, although the reader might assume that they are related.



The blue bullet lists “Same as” stems, “See also” stems, and other commentary on the subject morpheme.



The aqua (cyan) bullet lists foreign words that are derived from the same morpheme.

|| 

This symbol marks the start of the etymology of the morpheme.

from

This symbol in the etymology means “from” and indicates the source of the morpheme. For example “from Gr” means from Greek.

to

This symbol in the etymology means “to” and indicates words that arise from the term to the left. For example “L pati topatiens” means that Latin patiens is derived from pati.



This asterisk symbol in the etymology means hypothetical, or not attested. It means that the root is hypothesized based on linguistic evidence, but that no written record of the stem has been found. All Indo-European roots are so marked, as we have no written evidence of the Proto-Indo-European language.

† 

This dagger symbol means the origin is unknown.

Glossary for the Cognātarium

Abbreviation

Definition

abbrv.

abbreviation

abl.

ablative

acc.

accusative

adj.

adjective

adv.

adverb

Afr

African

Afrik

Afrikaans

alt.

alternative

Am

American

AmFr

American French

AmInd

American Indian

AmSp

American Spanish

Anglo-Fr

Anglo-French

Anglo-Ind

Anglo-Indian

Anglo-Ir

Anglo-Irish

Anglo-L

Anglo-Latin

Anglo-Norm

Anglo-Norma

Ar

Arabic

Aramaic

Aram

Arm

Armenian

Assyr

Assyrian

aug.

augmentative

Austral

Australian

Bab

Babylonian

back-form.

back-formation

Beng

Bengali

BrazPort

Brazilian Portuguese

Bret

Breton

Brit

British

Bulg

Bulgarian

caus.

causative

Cdn

Canadian

CdnFr

Canadian French

Celt

Celtic

Ch.

church

Chin

Chinese

Class

classical

colloq.

colloquial

comb.

combination, combining

comp.

compound

compar.

comparative

conj.

conjunction

Dan

Danish

dat.

dative

deriv.

derivative, derived

dial.

dialectical

dim.

diminutive

Du

Dutch

dupl

duplicate

E

English

e.g.

exempli gratia (for example)

EFris

East Frisian

Egypt

Egyptian

Engl

English

equiv.

equivalent

Esk

Eskimo

esp.

especially

est.

estimated

et al.

et alii (and others)

etc.

et cetera (and so forth)

Etr

Etruscan

etym.

etymology

fem.

feminine

fig.

figuratively

Finn

Finnish

Fl

Flemish

fol.

following entry

Fr

French

Frank

Frankish

freq.

frequentative

Fris

Frisian

fut.

future

Gael

Gaelic

Gaul

Gaulish

gen.

genitive

Ger

German

ger.

gerund, gerundive

Gmc

Germanic

Goth

Gothic

Gr

Classical Greek

Gr(Ec)

Ecclesiastical Greek

gram.

grammar

Haw

Hawaiian

Heb

Classical Hebrew

Heb-Aram

Hebrew-Aramaic

Hung

Hungarian

i.e.

id est (that is)

Ice

Icelandic

IE

Indo-European

imper.

imperative

imperf.

imperfect

incl.

including

Ind

Indian, Indic

indic.

indicative

inf.

infinitive

infl.

influenced

intens

intenisve

interj.

interjection

Ir

Irish

Iran

Iranian

irreg.

irregular

It

Italian

Jpn

Japanese

Kor

Korean

L

Classical Latin

L(Ec)

Ecclesiatical Latin

LGr

Late Greek

LGr(Ec)

Ecclesiastical Late Greek

linguist.

linguistic(s)

lit.

literally

Lith

Lithuanian

LL

Late Latin

LL(Ec)

Ecclesiastical Late Latin

LME

Late Middle English

LowG

Low German

LWS

Late West Saxon

masc.

masculine

MDu

Middle Dutch

ME

Middle English

Mex

Mexican

MexSp

Mexican Spanish

MFl

Middle Flemish

MFr

Middle French

MGr

Medieval Greek

MHeb

Medieval Hebrew

MHG

Middle High German

MIr

Middle Irish

ML

Medieval Latin

ML(Ec)

Ecclesiastical Medieval Latin

MLowG

Middle Low German

ModE

Modern English

ModGr

Modern Greek

ModHeb

Modern Hebrew

ModL

Modern Latin

MScot

Middle Scottish

N

northern

NAmFr

North American French

Netherl

Netherlands, Netherlandic

neut.

neuter

NGmc

North Germanic

nom.

nominative

Norm

Norman

NormFr

Norman French

Norw

Norwegian

NZ

New Zealand

obj.

object, objective

obs.

obsolete

occas.

occasionally

OCelt

Old Celtic

ODan

Old Danish

ODu

Old Dutch

OE

Old English

OFr

Old French

OFris

Old Frisian

OHG

Old High German

OIce

Old Icelandic

OInd

Old Indic

OIr

Old Irish

OIt

Old Italian

OL

Old Latin

OLowFranc

Old Low Franconian

OLowG

Old Low German

ON

Old Norse

OPers

Old Persian

OProv

Old Provençal

OPrus

Old Prussian

orig.

origin, originally

OS

Old Saxon

Osco-Umb

Osco-Umbrian

OSlav

Old Church Slavonic

OSp

Old Spanish

OSw

Old Swedish

OWelsh

Old Welsh

PaGer

Pennsylvania German

part.

participle, participial

pass.

passive voice

perf.

perfect tense

Pers

Persian

pers.

person (grammar)

PGmc

Proto-Germanic

phr.

phrase

PidE

pidgin English

PIE

Proto-Indo-European

pl.

plural

pl. n.

plural noun

poet.

poetic

Pol

Polish

pop.

popular

Port

Portuguese

poss.

possessive

pp.

past participle

prec.

preceding entry

prep.

preposition

pres.

present tense

pret.

preterit

priv.

privative

prob.

probably

pron.

pronoun

Prov

Provençal

prp.

present participle

Prus

Prussian

pseud.

pseudonym

pt.

past tense

redupl.

reduplication, reduplicated

ref.

reference, refer

refl.

reflexive

Rom.

Roman

Russ

Russian

SAmSp

South American Spanish

Sans

Sanskrit

Scand

Scandinavian

Scot

Scottish

Sem

Semitic

Serb

Serbian

sing.

singular

sing. n.

singular noun

SinoJpn

Sino-Japanese

Slav

Slavic, Slavonic

Sp

Spanish

sp.

spelling, spelled

specif.

specifically

subj.

subject

subjunc.

subjunctive

superl.

superlative

Swed

Swedish

TalmudHeb

Talmudic Hebrew

transl.

translated, translation

Turk

Turkish

ult.

ultimately

uncert.

uncertain

v. aux.

auxiliary verb

var.

variant, variety

vi.

intransitive verb

VL

Vulgar Latin

Vulg.

Vulgate

WAfr

West African

WFris

West Frisian

WGmc

West Germanic

WInd

West Indian

WS

West Saxon



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