Colonial Rule #3 I. Growth 17
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Unemployment Over 30 Million… US Industrial Production 20% Pay Cuts, 1929-32 Bank Closures Mortgage Foreclosures Public Charities… Suicide Rate Over 1 Million “Hobos” / Drifters Bonus Army Malnutrition “Panhandling” John Dillenger V. “Dust Bowl” Lack of Crop Rotation Droughts Deforestation Soil Erosion Over 1 Million “Okies” & “Arkies” Grapes of Wrath VI. Urban Middle Class Divorce Rate Unemployed Men… Women Survival Techniques VII. Franklin D. Roosevelt, 1882 – 1945 FDR, 1904 NY State Senator, 1910-13 Assistant Secretary of Navy, 1913-20 James Cox, 7/5/1920 Polio, Aug. 1921 New York Governor “Nobless Oblige” Democratic National Convention, 7/2/1933 / New Deal John Nance Garner FDR “Brain Trust” Adolphe A. Berle, Raymond Moley, & Rexford G. Tugwell FDR’s Cabinet Henry Morgenthau Henry A. Wallace Frances Perkins Harold L. Ickes “The only thing we have to fear is fear itself.” 3/4/1933 “New Deal” Legislation VIII. FDR’s 1st “100 Days” (March 9 – June 16, 1933) “Bank Holiday” Emergency Banking Relief Act Beer & Wine Revenue Act C.C.C. Act Over 3 Million, “Tree Army” AAA Federal Emergency Relief Act TVA Federal Securities Act Home Owners Refinancing Act National Industrial Recovery Act (NRA) Glass-Steagall Banking Act IX. “Fireside Chats” FDR… X. New Deal / “Alphabet Soup” PWA Golden Gate Bridge 21st Amendment FHA Wagner Act WPA Social Security Act “Court Packing” Plan Fair Labor Standard Act XI. Minorities Mexican Americans Moved to large cities Segregation Over 1 Million… African Americans Segregated Federally funded… Discriminatory hiring… Rural Blacks… Lynching, Segregation “Black Cabinet” NAACP Women’s Place Only 1 member… 25% more Women Clerical Jobs More than 100 Frances Perkins Eleanor Roosevelt Dorothea Lange XII. “New Deal” Critics “Boondoggling” Father Charles E. Coughlin Dr. Francis E. Townsend Huey “Kingfish” Long, 1935 American Liberty League Upton Sinclair XIII. Franklin D. Roosevelt Hope & Confidence Deficit Spending Unemployment Military preparations, 9/1/1939 Only WWII XIV. Sports Chicago Bears, 1933 Joe Louis New York Yankees Jesse Owens XV. Hollywood Selznick International, 1939 Wizard of Oz, 1939 Clark Gable, Shirley Temple, John Wayne Snow White & the 7 Dwarfs, 1937 XVI. Radio Orson Wells, 10/30/1938 Benny Goodman & Glenn Miller XVII. Literature John Steinbeck, 1939 Pearl Buck, 1931 Margaret Mitchell, 1936 Robert Frost Richard Wright, 1940 New Comics & Escapism World War II #26 I. Major Causes of World War II Treaty of Versailles, 1919 League of Nations, 1919-39 Great Depression, 1930s Fear of Communism Axis Aggression & Expansion Ethiopia, 1935-36 Rhineland, 3/7/1936 Spanish Civil War, 1936-39 China, 1937 “Anschluss”, 3/12/1938 Munich Conference, 9/29/1938 Czechoslovakia, 3/15/1939 Movotov & Ribbentropp, 8/23/1939 II. Invasion of Poland, 9/1/1939 “Blitzkrieg” Goring’s Luftwaffe Wehrmacht France & England, 9/3/1939 World War II, 1939-45 U.S. Neutrality, 9/5/1939 III. Sitzkrieg Maginot Line Over 800,000 IV. “Blitzkreig” 5/9/1940 Wehrmact Heinz Guderian & Von Kleist Luftwaffe’s “Stuka” Dunkirk Evacuation Paris, 6/14/1940 Compaigne Charles De Gaulle V. Battle of Britain, 6/1940 – 6/1941 Herman Goring Royal Air Force, RAF Winston Churchill VI. “Operation Barbarrosa” 6/22/1941 Wehrmacht “General Winter” Hitler’s “Two Front” war Georgi Zhukov Stalingrad, 9/1942 Wehrmacht VII. Erwin Rommel, “Desert Fox” Rommel’s “Africa Corps” Bernard L. Motgomery Battle of El Alamein VIII. Causes for US Entrance Matthew C. Perry, 1853-54 “Fear of the Yellow Peril” White California Russo-Japanese War, 1904-05 Treaty of Portsmouth, 1905 Taft-Taktsura, 1905 Root-Takahira, 1908 “Gentlemen’s Agreement” 1907 Manchuria, 9/18/1931 Shanghai, 1932 Jehol Province, 1933 U.S. Panay, 12/12/1937 Lend-Lease Act, 3/11/1941 Charles A. Lindbergh Japanese Assets, 7/25/1941 “Flying Tigers” 1941 Claire S. Chennault Atlantic Charter, 8/14/1941 U.S.S. Kearney, 10/17/1941 “Wolf Packs” U.S.S. Reuben James, 10/30/1941 IX. Pearl Harbor, 12/7/1941 2,403 US Servicemen USS Arizona About 188 aircraft US Aircraft Carriers Wake Island… President F.D. Roosevelt, 12/8/1941 George C. Marshall Chester W. Nimitz Douglas MacArthur Louis Mountbatten Joseph W. Stillwell Dwight E. Eisenhower Cordell Hull I. Mobilizing for Global War Industry Goes to War War Production Board (WPB) Farm economy booms again Braceros The End of the Depression Rationing and Price Controls Office of Price Administration (OPA) Rationing & Recycling The Armed Forces Campaigning against segregation Judge William H. Hastie Thurgood Marshall Confronting Racism Migration increases “Zoot suit riots” Fighting Prejudice Fair Employment Practices Commission (FEPC) NAACP, CORE, & the Elizalde Committee Japanese-American Internment Executive Order 9066 Internment Camps 2/3rd of Japanese interned were Nisei (children born in the US) Nisei 442nd Regimental Combat Team Korematsu v. United States Executive Order #9066, 2/19/1942 All Nisei 442nd Combat Unit X. Pacific Theater James H. Doolittle, 4/18/1942 Battle of Coral Sea, 5/7-8/1942 Battle of Midway, 6/3-6 Raymond Spruance Guadalcanal, 8/7/1942 – 2/7/1943 Douglas MacArhtur Jungle Warfare “Bushido Code” XI. “Island Hopping” Strategy Gilbert Islands Marshall Islands Mariana Islands Guam Battle of the Philippines Leyte Gulf Kamikaze Pilots Manila Japan Iwo Jima Campaign Okinawa Campaign XII. Casablanca Conference Kasserine Pass “Operation Husky” Gen. Bernard Montgomery & Gen. George Patton Invasion of Italy Mark Clark XIII. Teheran Conference XIV. “Operation Overlord” / D-Day 6/6/1944 Omar Bradley Rommel George S. Patton Paris, 6/25/1944 Battle of the Bulge Remagen Bridge Jewish Concentration Camps XV. Yalta Conference FDR, 4/12/1944 Harry S. Truman Manhattan Project Leslie Groves & Robert Oppenheimer XVI. Patton & Zhukov Benito Mussolini Adolf Hitler XV. V-E Day Berlin, 5/2/1945 Karl Doenitz XVI. Potsdam Conference “Trinity Experiment” Henry L. Stimson Truman… XVII. Hiroshima, 8/6/1945 Nagasaki, 8/9/1945 Emperor Hirohito Formal Surrender, 9/2/1945 56 Million… The Truman Years #27 I. Harry S. Truman, 1884 - 1972 Independence, MO Public School World War I (1917-18) Eddie Jacobson, 1919-22 “Bess” Wallace Jackson County, 1922-24 Tom Pendergast US Senator, 1934-45 Chairman FDR, 1944 II. “Accidental President” Monumental Task… “Manhattan Project” “V-E Day” 5/8/1945 Potsdam Conference, 7/17/1945 “Total Unconditional Surrender” “Trinity Experiment” 7/16/1945 Henry Stimson Reasons… Hiroshima, 8/6/1945 “Enola Gay” Nagasaki, 8/9/1945 Japan… Douglas MacArthur Dual Occupation of Germany… United Nations, 4/25/1945 China Tyrgve Lie Secret Ariat Security Council “Big 5” General Assembly III. Foreign Policy Ho Chi Minh, 9/2/1945 George F. Kennan Winston Churchill, 3/5/1946 Truman doctrine, 3/12/1947 Andrei Zhdanov, 1947 Israel, 5/14/1947 Marshall Plan, 6/5/1947 European Economic Recovery Rio Treaty, 1947 Berlin Blockade, 4/1/1948 Truman, 6/29/1949 NATO, 7/21/1949 General Dwight D. Eisenhower Mao Zedong, 10/1/1949 Chiang Kai-Chek, 8/5/1949 UN & Korea North Korean Communists Syngman Rhee Kim Il-Sung UN Security, 6/27/1949 Jacob A. Malik IV. “Korean War” Truman, 6/30/1947 Douglas MacArthur, 7/8/1947 Inchon Pyongyang MacArthur Chinese Communists MacArthur vs. Truman Matthew Ridgway Cease-Fire Talks Korean War, 7/27/1953 Ted Williams & John Glenn V. Peace Talks US – Philippines Security Anzus Japanese Peace Treaty Peace Conract VI. US & Atomic Energy McMahon Act, 8/1/1946 National Security Act, 7/26/1947 Charles Yeager, 10/19/1947 Hydrogen Bomb, 1/30/1950 VII. Communist “Witch Hunt” House on Un-American Activities, 11/25/1947 Federal Loyalty Program “Loyalty Boards” Alger Hiss, 12/15/1948 Whittaker Chambers 11 US Communists, 10/14/1949 Congress of Industrial Organizations Joseph McCarthy, 2/22/1950 McCarthy… “McCarthyism” Richard M. Nixon Internal Security Act, 9/23/1950 Julius & Ethel Rosenburg, 3/29/1951 Civil Defense Act, 1951 “Underground Shelters” McCarren-Walter, 6/27/1952 VIII. “Fair Deal” Legislation, 1945-53 Truman… Civilian Production Administration Many Labor Strikes… 400,000 United Mine Workers Employment Act Fullbright Act Legislative Re-Organization Presidential Succession Act Taft-Hartley Act, 6/17/1947 Public Housing Administration, 1947 1948 Presidential Election Alban W. Barkley, 6/15/1948 Thomas E. Dewey Earl Warren “Dixiecrats” Polls… Truman… National Housing Act, 7/15/1949 IX. Racial Discrimination… President’s Committee, 1946 Jackie Robinson, 4/12/1947 Larry Doby, 6/1947 Executive Order #9981 22nd Amendment X. Entertainment Professional Sports Basketball Association of America Sammy Baugh Joe DiMaggio & Ted Williams Joe Louis Television… “The Lone Ranger” “I Love Lucy” Movie Industry… “Best Years of Our Lives” 1946 Carl Sandburg, 1951 Bing Crosby & Bob Hope The Eisenhower Era #28 I. Dwight David Eisenhower, 1890 – 1969 A, Debusibm Texas Abilene, Kansas B. West Point, 1910-15 Mamie Geneva Doud, 7/1/1916 C. 37 Years… Douglas MacArthur George C. Marshall Allied Commander D-Day Invasion Truman, 1945-48 Columbia University NATO D. Republican Party Richard Nixon Adlai Stevenson II. “Modern Republicanism” A. Overta Culp Hobby B. Small Business Administration, 1953 C. Seaway Act, 1954 D. “Army vs. McCarthy” 4/22/1954
Edward R. Murrow McCarthy… E. Dr. Jonas Salk, 2/23/1954 F. “Ike” 9/24/1955 G. Housing Act, 10/2/1955 H. Federal Hourly Wage, 8/12/1955 I. Federal-Aid Highway Act J. Election of 1956 K. National Defense Education Act, 9/2/1958 L. Labor Reform Act of 1959 M. Alaska, 1/3/1959 & Hawaii, 3/18/1959 III. “Ike’s” Foreign Policy A. Joseph Stalin, 3/5/1953
Malenkov, 1953 – 55 Nikolai A. Bulganin, 1955-56 Nikita Khrushchev, 1956-64 B. Korean War, 7/27/1953 US – South Korean… 54,246 US troops C. John Foster Dulles, 1953-59 “Massive Retaliation” “Brinkmanship” D. Indochina Dien Bien Phu France… E. Geneva Accords, 7/21/1954 North Vietnam Ho Chi Minh South Vietnam Ngo Dinh Diem SEATO, 9/8/1954 Ike’s “Domino Theory” Military Advisors ARVN National Liberation Front “Vietcong” F. Baghdad Pact / CENTO, 1953 G. Shah of Iran, 1953 H. 1st Hydrogen Bomb Test, 2/2/1954
Nautilus, 1/21/1954 Distant Early Warning System/NORAD Intercontinental Ballistic Missile / ICBM Ike… I. CIA, 10/30/1954 J. US – China Security Treaty, 1/28/1955 Chiang Kai-Shek K. “Open Skies” Policy, 7/21/1955 L. Suez Canal, 7/26/1956 Israel France & England Gamal Abdel Nasser “Ike”… “Eisenhower Doctrine” 1/5/1957 King Hussein M. Hungary, 11/1-6/1956 N. Sputnik, 10/4/1957 Explorer I, 1/31/1958 Cape Canaveral, FL NASA Mercury Program O. 5,000 US Marines… P. Fulgencio Batista, 1/1/1959 Nikita Khrushchev Fidel Castro & US CIA & “Ike”… Q. Khrushchev, 9/15-27/1959 R. U – 2 Spy Plane, 5/5/1960 Francis Gary Powers Khrushchev “Ike”… Cold War Tension Increases… IV. Civil Rights Movement A. Brown vs. Board of Education of Topeka Earl Warren Plessey vs. Ferguson 1896 Supreme Court… South’s Reaction? B. Rosa Parks, 12/1/1955 Martin Luther King, Jr. Southern Christian Leadership Conference C. Civil Rights Act, 8/29/1957 Commission on Civil Rights KKK… D. Central High School, Arkansas, 9/4/1957 Orval Faubus President Eisenhower E. Massive “Sit-Ins” 1960 V. US Economy… A. $44 Billion, 1952
Eisenhower… GNP, 1960 B. “Baby Boom” C. Conspicious Consumption… Every Family… Gasoline… 8 Million Cars Televisions… Annual Salaries D. Suburbs Freeway Construction “Shopping Malls” “Drive-In” Culture VI. Entertainment A. Ernest Hemingway, 1954 Pulitzer Prize, 1953 Jack Kerouac B. Rock-n-Roll Elvis Presley C. “Ben Hur” D. Television JFK / Johnson Era #29
Kennedy Family London Harvard University II. Navy P.T. Boat 109 Medal of Honor JFK… III. Political Career, 1946 US House of Rep. US Senate 1. Jacqueline Bouvier, 9/12/1953 Democratic Party, 8/13/1956 Election of 1960 1. Hurbert Humphrey & Lyndon B. Johnson Catholic Church Richard M. Nixon a. 1st TV Debate Close Election a. Robert Kennedy 5. Inaugural Address IV. “New Frontier” 1961-63
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