B. Microangiopathy: - thickening of basement membrane of capillary(small blood vessels) interfere with the oxygen supply to the tissues. C. Hyperglycemia and ketoacidosis: - Type I diabetes are highly susceptible to diabetic ketoacidosis: • Pancreas → no insulin → glucose cannot enter cells and remains in bloodstream (Glucagon) • Fat lipolysis → glycerol + free fatty acids. • Glycerol → glucose for cellular use. • Fatty acids → ketones →↑ ketone levels in body fluids • Ketones are excreted in the urine, accompanied by large amounts of water (electrolyte loss and dehydration from excessive urination. • Hydrogen ion concentration (pH) (alterations in the bicarbonate buffer system) the blood become acidic. Diabetic ketoacidosis Untreated diabetic ketoacidosis can result in coma (CNS toxicity)or death.
