International telecommunication union
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1 ScopeThis deliverable provides the report of standards gap analysis as a final output document from ITU T Focus Group on IMT-2020, FG IMT-2020. Appendices1 of this deliverable are attached as output documents for five study areas: high-level network architecture, an end-to-end quality of service (QoS) framework, emerging network technologies, mobile front haul and back haul, and network softwarization. 2 ReferencesNone 3 Definitions3.1 Terms defined elsewhereThis Deliverable uses the following terms defined elsewhere: 3.1.1 IMT-2020 [b-ITU-R M-2083-0]: systems, system components, and related aspects that support to provide far more enhanced capabilities than those described in Recommendation ITU-R M.1645. 3.1.2 Peak data rate [b-ITU-R M-2083-0]: the maximum achievable data rate under ideal conditions per user/device (in Gbit/s). 3.1.3 User experienced data rate [b-ITU-R M-2083-0]: the achievable data rate (in Mbit/s or Gbit/s) that is available ubiquitously2 across the coverage area to a mobile user/device. NOTE - The term “ubiquitous” is related to the considered target coverage area and is not intended to relate to an entire region or country. 3.1.4 Latency [b-ITU-R M-2083-0]: the contribution by the network to the difference in time (in ms). between when the source sends a packet and when the destination receives it. 3.1.5 Mobility [b-ITU-R M-2083-0]: from a performance target point of view, mobility is the maximum speed (in km/h) at which a defined QoS and seamless transfer can be achieved between radio nodes, which may belong to different layers and/or radio access technologies (multi-layer/-RAT). 3.1.6 Connection density [b-ITU-R M-2083-0]: the total number of connected and/or accessible devices per unit area (e.g. per km2). 3.1.7 Energy efficiency [b-ITU-R M-2083-0]: energy efficiency has two aspects:
3.1.8 Spectrum efficiency [b-ITU-R M-2083-0]: the average data throughput per unit of the spectrum resource and per cell (measured in bit/s/Hz). Note: - A cell is a radio coverage area over which a mobile terminal can maintain a connection with one or more units of radio equipment located within that area. For an individual base station, this is the radio coverage area of the base station or of a subsystem (e.g. sector antenna). 3.1.9 Area traffic capacity [b-ITU-R M-2083-0]: the total traffic throughput served per geographic area (in Mbit/s/m2) 3.1.10 future network (FN) [b-ITU-T Y.3001]: A network able to provide services, capabilities, and facilities difficult to provide using existing network technologies. A future network is either: a) A new component network or an enhanced version of an existing one, or, b) A heterogeneous collection of new component networks or of new and existing component networks that is operated as a single network. NOTE – The plural form "Future Networks" (FNs) is used to show that there may be more than one network that fits the definition of a future network. 3.1.11 network virtualization [b-ITU-T Y.3011]: A technology that enables the creation of logically isolated network partitions over shared physical networks so that heterogeneous collection of multiple virtual networks can simultaneously coexist over the shared networks. This includes the aggregation of multiple resources in a provider and appearing as a single resource 3.1.12 software-defined networking [b-ITU-T Y.3030]: A set of techniques that enables to directly program, orchestrate, control and manage network resources, which facilitates the design, delivery and operation of network services in a dynamic and scalable manner. 3.1.13 energy saving within networks [b-ITU-T Y.3021]: This is where network capabilities and their operations are set up in a way that allows the total energy for network equipment to be systematically used in an efficient manner, resulting in reduced energy consumption compared with networks that lack these capabilities and operations. NOTE – Network equipment includes routers, switches, equipment at the terminating point e.g., optical network units (ONUs), home gateways, and network servers such as load balancers and firewalls. Network equipment is typically composed of various components such as switching fabric, line cards, power supply, and cooling. 3.1.14 cloud service customer [b-ITU-T Y.3501]: A person or organization that consumes delivered cloud services within a contract with a cloud service provider. 3.1.15 cloud service provider [b-ITU-T Y.3501]: An organization that provides and maintains delivered cloud services. 3.1.16 management system [b-ITU-T M.60]: A system with the capability and authority to exercise control over and/or collect management information from another system. 3.1.17 device [b-ITU-T Y.3021]: This is the material element or assembly of such elements intended to perform a required function. 3.1.18 equipment [b-ITU-T Y.3021]: A set of devices assembled together to form a physical entity to perform a specific task. 3.1.19 virtual resource [b-ITU-T Y.3011]: An abstraction of physical or logical resource, which may have different characteristics from the physical or logical resource and whose capability may not be bound to the capability of the physical or logical resource. 3.1.20 logical resource [b-ITU-T Y.3011]: An independently manageable partition of a physical resource, which inherits the same characteristics as the physical resource and whose capability is bound to the capability of the physical resource. NOTE – "independently" means mutual exclusiveness among multiple partitions at the same level. 3.1.21 resource management [b-ITU-T Y.3520]: The most efficient and effective way to access, control, manage, deploy, schedule and bind resources when they are provided by service providers and requested by customers. 3.1.22 hypervisor [b-ITU-T Y.3510]: A type of system software that allows multiple operating systems to share a single hardware host. NOTE –Each operating system appears to have the host's processor, memory and other resources, all to itself 3.1.23 virtual machine [b-DMTF OVF]: The complete environment that supports the execution of guest software. 3.1.24 identifier [b-ITU-T Y.2091]: An identifier is a series of digits, characters and symbols or any other form of data used to identify subscriber(s), user(s), network element(s), function(s), network entity(ies) providing services/applications, or other entities (e.g., physical or logical objects). 3.1.25 locator [b-ITU-T Y.2015]: A locator is the network layer topological name for an interface or a set of interfaces. Locators are carried in the IP address fields as packets traverse the network. NOTE – In Recommendation ITU-T Y.2015, locators are also referred to as location IDs. 3.1.26 node ID [b-ITU-T Y.2015]: A node ID is an identifier used at the transport and higher layers to identify the node as well as the endpoint of a communication session. A node ID is independent of the node location as well as the network to which the node is attached so that the node ID is not required to change even when the node changes its network connectivity by physically moving or simply activating another interface. The node IDs should be used at the transport and higher layers for replacing the conventional use of IP addresses at these layers. A node may have more than one node ID in use. NOTE – Recommendation ITU-T Y.2015 specifies a node ID structure. 3.1.27 name [b-ITU-T Y.2091]: A name is the identifier of an entity (e.g., subscriber, network element) that may be resolved/translated into address. 3.1.28 domain [b-ETSI NFV MANO]: Administrative domain is a collection of systems and networks operated by a single organization or administrative authority. Infrastructure domain is an administrative domain that provides virtualized infrastructure resources such as compute, network, and storage or a composition of those resources via a service abstraction to another administrative domain, and is responsible for the management and orchestration of those resources. . NOTE1: Different networks and different parts of a network may be built as different domains using separate technologies or having different control paradigms, NOTE2: Different networks and different parts of a network may be owned by a single administration creating an administrative domain. Services are enabled and managed over multiple administrations or over multi-domain single administration. NOTE3: A multitenancy domain refers to set of physical and /or virtual resources in which a single instance of a software runs on a server and serves multiple tenants. A tenant is a group of users who share a common access with specific privileges to the software instance. A service or an application may be designed to provide every tenant a dedicated share of the instance including its data, configuration, user management, tenant individual functionality and non-functional properties.
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