National Forests in Florida Final Report


Longleaf Pine / Dwarf Live Oak - Running Oak / Southern Wiregrass Woodland



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Longleaf Pine / Dwarf Live Oak - Running Oak / Southern Wiregrass Woodland


Element Identifiers

NVCS association: Pinus palustris / Quercus minima - Quercus pumila / Aristida beyrichiana Woodland

Database Code: CEGL003808

Formation: Rounded-crowned temperate or subpolar needle-leaved evergreen woodland

Alliance: PINUS PALUSTRIS WOODLAND ALLIANCE (II.A.4.N.a.22)

Element Concept

Summary: These are longleaf pine flatwoods dominated by Pinus palustris, Quercus minima, Quercus pumila, and Aristida beyrichiana. Some shrubs present in stands are Serenoa repens, Vaccinium myrsinites, Ilex glabra, Asimina angustifolia (= Asimina longifolia), Vaccinium stamineum, Vaccinium darrowii, and Ceanothus microphyllus. The herbaceous flora can be very diverse, dominated by Aristida beyrichiana with Sericocarpus tortifolius (= Aster tortifolius), Liatris spp., Pteridium aquilinum, Eriogonum tomentosum, Carphephorus odoratissimus, Sporobolus floridanus, Sorghastrum secundum, Pityopsis aspera var. adenolepis (= Pityopsis adenolepis), Andropogon spp., and Baptisia simplicifolia.

Environment: See Summary

Vegetation: Stands of this longleaf pine flatwoods are dominated by Pinus palustris, Quercus minima, Quercus pumila, and Aristida beyrichiana. Some sites have small amounts of Pinus taeda or Pinus elliottii. In addition to the nominals, other shrubs are Serenoa repens, Vaccinium myrsinites, Ilex glabra, Asimina angustifolia (= Asimina longifolia), Vaccinium stamineum, Vaccinium darrowii, and Ceanothus microphyllus. The herbaceous flora can be very diverse, dominated by Aristida beyrichiana with Sericocarpus tortifolius (= Aster tortifolius), Liatris spp., Pteridium aquilinum, Eriogonum tomentosum, Carphephorus odoratissimus, Sporobolus floridanus, Sorghastrum secundum, Pityopsis aspera var. adenolepis (= Pityopsis adenolepis), Andropogon spp., and Baptisia simplicifolia.

Dynamics: See Summary

Similar Associations: No information

Synonymy: No information

Comments: Examples occur at Apalachicola National Forest.

Conservation Ranking & Rare Species

GRank: G3? (02-05-16): This Pinus palustris woodland association is found in Florida, and possibly Alabama and Georgia. It is part of the endangered Longleaf Pine Ecosystem, which once dominated the Coastal Plain landscape of the southeastern United States, and depends on frequent, low-intensity, growing-season fires to control understory vegetation and for the reproduction of Pinus palustris. Pinus palustris-dominated woodlands are susceptible to the effects of fire suppression, over-grazing, or conversion to commercial forest plantations or agriculture. Remaining examples are highly threatened by development, conversion, and alteration of fire regimes. Most of those occurrences which have not been destroyed are severely degraded.

High-ranked species: No information

Element Distribution

Range: This association ranges from southern Alabama to Florida to southeastern Georgia.

States: AL FL GA

Crosswalk to State Classifications:

  • FL: Mesic flatwoods, in part (FL 1992)

TNC Ecoregions: 53:C, 56:P

USFS Ecoregions: 232Dc:CCC

Federal Lands: USFS (Apalachicola)

Element Sources

References: NatureServe Ecology - Southeast U.S. unpubl. data

Longleaf Savannas and Flatwoods


Longleaf Pine / Saw Palmetto - Little Gallberry Woodland


Element Identifiers

NVCS association: Pinus palustris / Serenoa repens - Ilex glabra Woodland

Database Code: CEGL003653

Formation: Saturated temperate or subpolar needle-leaved evergreen woodland

Alliance: PINUS PALUSTRIS - PINUS (ELLIOTTII, SEROTINA) SATURATED WOODLAND ALLIANCE (II.A.4.N.f.6)

Element Concept

Summary: This broadly defined community is a moderately to poorly drained longleaf flatwoods community, widespread in Florida, and extending north through Georgia to southeastern South Carolina, and probably west to southern Alabama and southern Mississippi. Pinus palustris dominates the open to fairly dense canopy. The shrub layer is characteristically dense, with Serenoa repens and Ilex glabra usually dominating; other shrubs include Lyonia fruticosa, Lyonia lucida, Vaccinium myrsinites, Gaylussacia mosieri, and Morella cerifera (= Myrica cerifera). The herb layer is poorly developed in this association, but patches of herbaceous cover may occur and are often dominated by Aristida beyrichiana. This community generally occurs on Spodosols; a spodic horizon is associated with seasonally saturated conditions.

Environment: This broadly defined community is a moderately to poorly drained, longleaf pine flatwoods community, widespread in Florida, and extending north through Georgia to southeastern South Carolina, and probably west to southern Alabama and southern Mississippi. This community generally occurs on Spodosols; a spodic horizon is associated with seasonally saturated conditions.

Vegetation: Pinus palustris dominates the open to fairly dense canopy. The shrub layer is characteristically dense, with Serenoa repens and Ilex glabra usually dominating; other shrubs include Lyonia fruticosa, Lyonia lucida, Vaccinium myrsinites, Vaccinium darrowii, Gaylussacia dumosa, Gaylussacia mosieri, and Morella cerifera (= Myrica cerifera). The herb layer is poorly developed in this association, but patches of herbaceous cover may occur and are often dominated by Aristida beyrichiana. At Bradwell Bay, on the Apalachicola National Forest, Sporobolus floridanus, Andropogon arctatus, Xyris ambigua, Xyris spp., and Ctenium aromaticum were also important graminoids.

Dynamics: See Summary

Similar Associations:

  • Pinus elliottii var. elliottii / Serenoa repens - Ilex glabra Woodland (CEGL003643)

Synonymy: No information

Comments: This community is related to Pinus elliottii var. elliottii / Serenoa repens - Ilex glabra Woodland (CEGL003643), which has a similar shrub and herbaceous flora but is dominated by Pinus elliottii var. elliottii. There is a lack of consensus on whether they should be combined.

Conservation Ranking & Rare Species

GRank: G2G3 (97-10-10): This broadly defined saturated longleaf pine woodland association is a moderately to poorly drained longleaf flatwoods, widespread in Florida, and extending north through Georgia to southeastern South Carolina, and probably west to southern Alabama and southern Mississippi. Pinus palustris dominates the open to fairly dense canopy. This community generally occurs on Spodosols; a spodic horizon is associated with seasonally saturated conditions. It is part of the endangered Longleaf Pine Ecosystem, which once dominated the Coastal Plain landscape of the southeastern United States, and depends on frequent, low-intensity, growing-season fires to control understory vegetation and for the reproduction of Pinus palustris. Saturated pine woodlands are susceptible to the effects of fire suppression, over-grazing, hydrologic alteration, or conversion to commercial forest plantations or agriculture. Remaining examples are highly threatened by development, conversion, and alteration of fire regimes. Most of those occurrences which have not been destroyed are severely degraded.

High-ranked species: ANDROPOGON ARCTATUS (G3)

Element Distribution

Range: This community is widespread in Florida, and extends north through Georgia to southeastern South Carolina, and probably west to southern Alabama and southern Mississippi.

States: AL FL GA MS? SC

Crosswalk to State Classifications:

  • FL: Wet Flatwoods, in part (FL 1992)

TNC Ecoregions: 53:C, 55:C, 56:C

USFS Ecoregions: 232Be:CCC, 232Bf:CCC, 232Bg:CCC, 232Bh:CCC, 232Bi:CCC, 232Bj:CCC, 232Bp:CCP, 232Ca:CCC, 232Cc:CCC, 232Cd:CCC, 232Cf:CCC, 232Db:CCC, 232Dc:CCC, 232Ga:CCC, 232Gc:CCC, 232Gd:CCP

Federal Lands: DOD (Fort Stewart); USFS (Apalachicola)

Element Sources

References: FNAI 1992a, NatureServe Ecology - Southeast U.S. unpubl. data

Longleaf Savannas and Flatwoods




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