International Telecommunication Union



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International Telecommunication Union







ITU-T

FG AC

TELECOMMUNICATION
STANDARDIZATION SECTOR
OF ITU

D4 – Version 1.0

(04/2016)






ITU-T Focus Group on Aviation Applications of Cloud Computing for Flight Data Monitoring





Avionics and Aviation Communications Systems




Focus Group Technical Report


FOREWORD

The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) is the United Nations specialized agency in the field of telecommunications, information and communication technologies (ICTs). The ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) is a permanent organ of ITU. ITU-T is responsible for studying technical, operating and tariff questions and issuing Recommendations on them with a view to standardizing telecommunications on a worldwide basis.

The procedures for establishment of focus groups are defined in Recommendation ITU-T A.7. The ITU-T Focus Group on Aviation Applications of Cloud Computing for Flight Data Monitoring – FG AC – was established by the ITU-T Telecommunication Standardization Advisory Group (TSAG) in June 2014 and completed the work on its deliverables in December 2015. More information is available at http://itu.int/en/ITU-T/focusgroups/ac/.

Deliverables of focus groups can take the form of technical reports, specifications, etc. and aim to provide material for consideration by the parent group in its standardization activities. Deliverables of focus groups are not ITU-T Recommendations.




SERIES OF FG AC TECHNICAL REPORTS

Deliverable 1

Existing and emerging technologies of cloud computing and data analytics

Deliverable 2/3

Use cases and requirements

Deliverable 4

Avionics and aviation communications systems

Deliverable 5

Key findings, recommendations for next steps and future work

 ITU 2016

All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, by any means whatsoever, without the prior written permission of ITU.

Table of Contents


Deliverable 4 – Avionics and aviation communications systems 4

1.Executive summary 4

2.Background and context 4

3.Structure of the Report 5

4.Relationship with other FG AC working groups 5

5.Definitions 5

6.Real-time transmission 5

7.Assumptions 5

7.1Introduction 5

7.2Definition of "real-time data" 6

7.3Categories of "flight data" 6

8.Real-time data transmission performance 7

8.1Introduction 7

8.2Background 7

8.3Data streaming 8

8.4Bandwidth needs analysis for real-time flight data transmission and data link systems performance summary 8

8.4.1Bandwidth needs analysis for real-time flight data transmission 8

8.4.2Data link systems performance 9

8.5Conclusions 10

9.Ground-based systems and services infrastructure 11

9.1Current infrastructure 11

9.1.1Introduction 11

9.1.2Summary of ground-based infrastructure capabilities 11

9.1.3Flight data monitoring, flight tracking and alerting solutions and services 11

9.2Ground-based infrastructure 12

9.2.1Introduction 12

9.2.2System wide information management (SWIM) 12

9.2.3Flight data sharing programs 14

10.On-board infrastructure 15

10.1On-board information systems infrastructure 15

10.1.1Introduction 15

10.1.2High-level summary 15

10.1.3On-board information systems 15

10.1.4Aircraft flight data management and recording infrastructure 15

10.1.5Flight data concentrator and flight data recorder 16

10.1.6Real-time flight data analysis 16

10.1.7Auxiliary flight data recording 17

10.1.8Aircraft servers, Internet protocol (IP) data routing and airport surface data communications 17

10.1.9Other avionics and electronics systems 17

10.1.10 Conclusion 18

10.2On-board aircraft surveillance and tracking infrastructure 18

10.2.1Introduction 18

10.2.2ADS-B 19

10.2.3Future air navigation systems (FANS) 19

11.On-board data link infrastructure 19

11.1Current 19

11.1.1 Introduction 19

11.1.2On-board data link systems infrastructure – AIS domain/flight deck systems 20

11.1.3On-board data link systems infrastructure – PIES domain/cabin systems 22

11.1.4Data rates 22

11.1.5Conclusion – On-board data link infrastructure (Current) 23

11.2On-board data link infrastructure – Future 25

11.2.1Introduction 25

11.2.2Internet protocol suite and new links for future DataComm 25

11.2.3Iridium NEXT/Certus 25

11.2.4Conclusion – On-board data link infrastructure (Future) 26

12.Issues and limitations 26

12.1Introduction 26

12.2Future data stream solutions 26

12.3Data compression 26

12.4Cybersecurity 26

13.Recommendations and conclusions 27

13.1Recommendations 27

13.2Conclusions 27

14.Acronyms and abbreviations 29

15.References 32

Appendix 1: Summary of ground-based infrastructure capabilities 34

Appendix 2: ADS-B mandates 45

Appendix 3: Summary of data link systems profiles and performance 46

Appendix 4: Analysis of global bandwidth and cloud storage required to support black box streaming 46

Appendix 5: WG4 composition 47





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