Kgatleng District is located on the south-eastern part of the country between latitudes 23 degrees and 25 degrees south and longitude 26 degrees and 27 degrees east. In the north the district shares the boundary with Central District with the Dibete Cordon fence as the physical demarcating boundary; to the west it is bordered by the Kweneng District; to the south by the Greater Gaborone Area and South East District, and the international boundary between Botswana and South Africa borders it to the east. (Refer to Map 1.1)
Map 1.1 Location of Kgatleng District
1.1.2Size
Relative to the physical size of other district, Kgatleng District has a very small land area. The district has 7600 km2 of land compared with Central District with 141076 km2, Ghanzi District with 117 910 km2, Kgalagadi with 105200 km2. Though Ghanzi and Kgalagadi Districts have large land area they do not correspondingly have large population sizes. They have 33 275 and 42 132 people respectively whereas Kgatleng District has 73 032 people according to the 2001 Population and Housing Census. The census results also depict that Kgatleng District has only one Primary centre, which is Mochudi, and no secondary or Tertiary I settlements. Most of the villages in the district fall within the Tertiary II category and a few in the Tertiary III and IV categories, using the National Settlement Policy (1998) criteria.
1.1.3Land Tenure
According to the Government White Paper on the Tribal Land Grazing Policy of 1975, Kgatleng District was declared wholly communal, with no other tenure, neither freehold nor state land. As indicated earlier it has a surface area of 7 600 km2. The table below shows the various land uses in square kilometres and as percentage.
Table 1.1 Land Use Types In Kgatleng
Types of Land Use
Area (Km2)
%
Agriculture and Settlement
Communal Grazing
Arable Farming
Mixed Farming
Settlements
3281.54
524.94
1035.25
2725.00
7566.73
43.18
6.91
13.62
35.85
99.56
Gazetted Roads
Non-Gazetted Roads
13.19
19.34
32.53
0.17
0.26
0.43
Industrial
Pilane
0.74
0.01
Total
7600
100
Source: Regional Agricultural Office 1999
1.1.4Economic and Communication Linkages
The district is linked to Gaborone city in the south and Central district in the north by the A1 road. To the East it is linked to South Africa by the Mochudi – Sikwane Road, and to the west it is linked to Kweneng District by the Bokaa – Kopong road. The district is also linked to the southern and northern parts of the country by the railway line. The proximity of Kgatleng district to Gaborone City with its large urban population of 185 891, efficient transport between Mochudi and Gaborone and a large number of commuters from the district to Gaborone has marginalized development process on the district’s social and economic life. Entrepreneurs prefer to establish commercial and industrial projects in Gaborone. Although the Pilane industrial site has long been allocated, few plots are developed because they are not fully serviced.
There are telecommunications and postal services in the district that link Kgatleng with other parts of the country. There are also mobile phone services in the district.
1.1.5Institutional Framework
The institutional arrangements exist for purposes of consultation and co-ordination on the district development plans. Such institutions are District Administration, District Council, Land board and Tribal Administration.
1.1.6District Administration
The department of District Administration has three main units of administration, development and food relief services. There are some offices, which are seconded to the department, and these include: Civil Registration, Elections Office, AIDS Coordination and Lands.
The core functions of the District Administration Office are:
Coordination of central Government programme implementation and District Development Plans Preparations
Provision of administrative supervision for all government departments at the local level
Facilitation of development in the district through its development and land use offices
Coordination of drought relief and other disaster programmes
Provision of supplementary feeding to vulnerable groups and primary school children
The department also has a task in administration of justice and solemnisation of marriages.
1.1.7District Council
The council has the following statutory responsibilities:
There is one Main Land Board in the district and three subordinate land Boards offices in Mmathubudukwane, Artesia and Mochudi. Their statutory responsibilities are as follows:
The granting of rights to use land
Authorising changes of use of tribal land
Cancellation of the grant of any rights to use any land
Imposition of restriction on the use of tribal land
The Department provides an important statutory responsibility of providing judicial services to the public, carried out through established customary courts in the entire district. It is also responsible for maintaining and preserving cultural norms and heritage of the district; encouraging peace and stability within the community.