Lab: shapes of covalent molecules & polarity

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Shapes of Covalent Molecules and Polarity LAB1
Chemical Bonding-answers

Formula	Lewis Structure	Shared e-Pairs	Unshared e- Pairs	Total e-Pairs	Molecular Shape	Structural Formula
Polarity
HCl	H – Cl :	1	0	1	Linear	H – Cl	Polar

Further Investigations:

1. On the basis of this experiment and your classwork, predict the

a. type of bonding b. molecular shape c. molecular polarity
for each of the following compounds (construct a table):
(1) HBr (3) BaCl₂ (5) CI₄
(2) SCl₂ (4) NH₃ (6) AlH₃

2. Calculate the electronegativity difference and indicate the type of bond for

the following attractions:
(a) Na - Br (c) Se – O (e) Mg – Cl
(b) C - H (d) Br – Br (f) Al - I

3. What does the term isomer mean?

Key

Formula	Lewis Structure	Shared e-Pairs	Unshared e- Pairs	Total e-Pairs	Molecular Shape	Structural Formula	Polarity
HCl		1	0 or 3	1 or 4	Linear	H – Cl	Polar
HBr		1	0 or 3	1 or 4	Linear	H – Br	Polar
H₂O		2	2	4	Bent		Polar
NH₃		3	1	4	Trigonal Pyramidal		Polar
SO₃		3	0	3	Trigonal Planar		Non Polar
CO₂		2	2	4	Linear		Polar
H₂CO		3	0	3	Trigonal Planar		Polar
C₂H₂		2	0	2	Linear		Non Polar
CH₄		4	0	4	Tetra hedral		Non Polar
HClO		2	2	4	Bent		Polar
O₂		2	2	4	Linear	O – O	Non Polar
AlH₃ Ionic		Ionic	Ionic	Ionic	Crystal Lattice		Ionic
CH₃Cl		4	0	4	Tetra hedral		Polar
HCOOH Omit		3	0	3	Trigonal Planar		Polar
CO₃^2-		3	0	3	Trigonal Planar		Non Polar
NH₄⁺		4	0	4	Tetra hedral		Non Polar

Further Investigation
1. On the basis of this experiment and your classwork, predict the
a. type of bonding b. molecular shape c. molecular polarity
for each of the following compounds (construct a table):
(1) HBr (3) BaCl₂ (5) CI₄
(2) SCl₂ (4) NH₃ (6) AlH₃

Compound	Bond Type	Molecular Shape	Polarity
HBr	Covalent	Linear	Polar
SCl₂	Covalent	Bent	Polar
BaCl₂	Ionic	Crystal Lattice	Ionic
NH₃	Covalent	Trigonal Pyramidal	Polar
CI₄	Covalent	Tetrahedral	Non-Polar
AlH₃	Ionic	Crystal Lattice	Ionic

2. Calculate the electronegativity difference and indicate the type of bond for

the following attractions:
(a) Na - Br (c) Se – O (e) Mg – Cl
(b) C - H (d) Br – Br (f) Al - I

Elements	Electronegativity Difference	Bond Type
Na - Br		Ionic
C - H		Covalent (Non-Polar)
Se – O		Covalent (Polar)
Br – Br		Covalent (Non-Polar)
Mg – Cl		Ionic
Al - I		Ionic

3. What does the term isomer mean?

Any of two or more compounds, radicals, or ions that contain the same number of atoms of the same elements but differ in structural arrangement and properties.

Example

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