Leeds University Business School

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Leeds University
Business School

LUBS Referencing & Presentation Guidance for Assessed Coursework
2017/18

Contents

PART ONE: REFERENCING & REFERENCE LISTS							3
1.1			Using Sources & Referencing			3
		1.1.1		Citations		3
		1.1.2		Quotations		6
		1.1.3		Paraphrasing		7
		1.1.4		Summarising		7
		1.1.5		Making changes to direct quotations		8
		1.1.6		Referencing one author in the work of another		8
		1.1.7		Incorporating citations into sentences		9
1.2			Reference List			10
	1.2.1			Reference List vs. Bibliography		10
1.3			A to Z of How to Reference Different Sources			11
PART TWO: PRESENTATION							26
2.1			Text, Layout and Page Numbering			26
2.2			Coversheet, Title Page(s) and Word Count			26
2.3			Table of Contents and Lists of Tables and Illustrative Material			27
2.4			Illustrative Material, Drawings, Maps, Photographs, Computer Printouts			27
APPENDICES
APPENDIX A					Submission of your Assignment	28
APPENDIX B					Penalties for Late Submission	31
APPENDIX C					Compressing Files	32
APPENDIX D					File Naming Guidelines: Best Practice	34
APPENDIX E					Word Limit Policy	35

PART ONE: REFERENCING & REFERENCE LISTS
1.1. Using Sources and Referencing
Referencing is the acknowledgment of the sources that you used when producing your piece of work. Referencing correctly is vital in order to demonstrate how widely you have researched your subject, to show the basis of your arguments and your conclusions, and to avoid plagiarism.
You need to give the person reading your assignment enough information to find the sources that you have consulted. This is achieved by including citations in your work and providing a list of references.
You are expected to use the University's version of the Harvard referencing style for your assignments. You will find the University of Leeds Harvard style guidance on the Skills@Library website: https://library.leeds.ac.uk/skills-referencing. This includes how to include citations within your text and how to reference different types of material using the Harvard style.
DO NOT ASSUME THAT BETTER MARKS COULD BE OBTAINED BY OMITTING SOURCES. MARKS CAN ONLY BE IMPROVED BY THOROUGH AND RIGOROUS SOURCING.
Whilst researching your assignment you are likely to consult a number of different sources of information: books, journals, newspaper articles, web pages, emails, etc. Whichever you use, there are a few basic rules you should apply. You should always acknowledge the sources of all your quotations, arguments and ideas, even if you don't quote the source directly.
There is no definitive version of the Harvard style. You should use the Leeds version of Harvard when referencing sources in your work, and your work should also be marked using this guidance.
Skills@Library offers a referencing tutorial to help you: https://library.leeds.ac.uk/tutorials/referencing/
1.1.1 Citations
Whenever you quote from or paraphrase work written by another author, you must acknowledge that you have done so. This acknowledgement is known as a citation and consists of brief details of the publication (e.g. Pitchel, 1994) given in the body of your text. You should also provide a complete list of these citations at the end of your assignment in a reference list. This consists of fuller details of the publication (e.g. Pitchel, M. 1994. Teeth and gums: an owner's manual. 2nd ed. Oxford: Gamma Publishing).
Citing your references should provide the reader of your assignment with enough information to find the sources of information you have consulted during the course of writing and researching your work. Acknowledging your sources of information also helps to demonstrate how widely you have read around your subject and on what authority you base your arguments or conclusions. Properly acknowledging the sources of information that you use when conducting your research is also important in order to avoid plagiarism.

In-text citations give brief details of the source of an idea or piece of information within the text of an assignment. In the Harvard style, citations should contain only the following information, in this order:

the surname of the author;
the date of publication of the text;
the page number(s) of the text (usually for direct quotations only).

1.1.1a Number of authors

One author

When the author name is not mentioned in the text, the citation consists of the author's surname and the date of publication in brackets:

Example: It was emphasised that citations in a text should be consistent (Jones, 2011).

If you have already named the author in the text, only the year needs to be included in brackets.

Example: Jones (2011) emphasised that citations in a text should be consistent.

https://library.leeds.ac.uk/skills-citations-harvard#activate-one_author

Two authors

If a source has two authors, both names should be given.

When the authors' names are not mentioned in the text, the citation consists of the authors' surnames and the date of publication in brackets:

Example: It was emphasised that citations in a text should be consistent (Jones and Baker, 2011).

If you have already named the authors in the text, only the year needs to be included in brackets.

Example: Jones and Baker (2011) emphasised that citations in a text should be consistent.

https://library.leeds.ac.uk/skills-citations-harvard#activate-two_authors

Three or more authors

If a source has three or more authors, the name of the first author should be given, followed by the phrase "et al".

Example: When the authors' names are not mentioned in the text, the citation consists of the first author's surname and "et al.", followed by the date of publication, in brackets:

It was emphasised that citations in a text should be consistent (Jones et al., 2011).

If you have already named the authors in the text, only the year needs to be included in brackets.

Example: Jones et al. (2011) emphasised that citations in a text should be consistent.

https://library.leeds.ac.uk/skills-citations-harvard#activate-three_or_more_authors

1.1.2 Quotations
1.1.2a. Direct quotations
Quoting is where you copy an author's text word for word, place quotation marks around the words and add a citation at the end of the quote. Quotes should be using sparingly as over quoting can suggest a lack of understanding of the text you are referring to.

In scientific writing, it is generally the case that you should paraphrase from sources, rather than quote directly. Quoting more extended sections of text tends to be more common in arts and humanities subjects where it may be appropriate to quote frequently from the literature that is being analysed.

As you take notes, ensure you clearly mark where you have quoted directly from the source.

Directory: TSG
TSG -> Tsg-c 1 rlp 5 Ad Hoc Report
TSG -> Approved Report of the 3gpp tsg-t wg3 (usim) meeting #6 Miami, 14 16 June, 1999
TSG -> 3gpp tsg t #4 tsgt#4(99)110 Miami, usa 17-18 June 1999 3gpp tsg t wg1 #3 Miami, usa
TSG -> 3gpp tsg sa wg2 # 5 Tdoc S2 99 426 25-28 May, 1999 Sophia Antipolis, France Title
TSG -> 2section (Continued) 6 Layer 3 Processing
TSG -> 2. section (Continued) 6 Call Layer 3 Processing
TSG -> Title: tsg-a liason report to tsg-s all-ip ad hoc group for july 2001 meetings source
TSG -> Title: Proposed Workplan for ios release C
TSG -> 3gpp2 tsg-p title: bcmcs adhoc Meeting Summary

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