Longstaff, Jeffrey Scott (2005) Page of
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Each of the five ballet positions is analysed as deflecting vertical, sagittal, or lateral: 1st & 5th positions “leading steeply downwards” and with a “pronounced verticality”; 3rd position “leading steeply downwards” and “towards the diagonal”; 2nd position, “leading more horizontally” (laterally); 4th position “leading more horizontally” (sagittally) (Laban, 1926, p. 6). The same deflections are translated upwards to the five contrapositions (c1, c2, c3, etc.): As directions leading upwards there appear: first, second, third, fourth and fifth contrapositions of the arms. These directions upwards have the same spatial-situation as the corresponding ones downwards, thus c1 and c5 stand steeply as representative of pure vertical, c3 is a steep diagonal, c4 and c2 are suspended upwards directions. (Laban, 1926, p. 10) An entire chapter “Comparison with the Ballet-positions” (again, only 1 page) makes the deflection of ballet positions explicit in two figures giving cross-reference between the five positions and five contrapositions with corresponding inclination numbers and vector signs (Fig. 40).
A discrepancy seems to occur here where 2nd position is assigned with more inclination numbers than other positions. Further, signs for lateral ‘flat’ deflections as listed here (Fig. 40) are different than in all other places in Choreographie. These discrepancies appear firstly, because in some cases two different numbers have been assigned to the same inclination and further, it may be that the signs for flat inclinations used here on page 35, later split into two when fully specifying the forward/backward component of 2nd position (Fig. 41).
This splitting of one sign into two may occur because the five positions of ballet do not have a ‘2nd position front’ or ‘2nd position back’ (as there are for 3rd & 4th positions). Forward and backward variations of second position do not emerge until it is considered as a motion. When moving from 3rd or 4th position front, into 2nd position, it will mean that as well as a very lateral sideways movement into 2nd position, the weight will also shift somewhat backwards. Likewise, when moving from 3rd or 4th position back, into 2nd position, there will be a large movement sideways as well as motion somewhat forward. This results in each 2nd position being deflected in two different ways, forward or back. These issues might be associated with several mistakes in the “explanation of the signs” where fourteen vector signs are not listed with the correct inclination number (perhaps a mistake by printers when inserting graphic signs into printed text). These mistakes are corrected here to show the full cross-reference amongst ballet positions (2nd, 3rd, 4th), corners of cardinal planes (rh, lf,...), vector signs, and inclination numbers (Tables 8, 9).
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cI
L10 (R1)
R∞
L0
R4 (L7)