Negative Privacy Advantage
Drone Integration Advantage
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- Drone integration is inevitable—FAA
- Only a question of when, not if
- Drones are inevitable but delays allow more research to overcome key barriers to effective integration
Drone Integration Advantage1NC – AT: IntegrationDrones popular—no backlashKimery 13 [Anthony L. Homeland Security Today “Drones: Force Multipliers For Law Enforcement, Other First Responders” July 28, 2013 http://www.hstoday.us/columns/the-kimery-report/blog/drones-force-multipliers-for-law-enforcement-other-first-responders/06bfa4d1a8afea68ce724424cb7679f6.html c.shack] Yet, despite civil rights concerns and other misconceptions, opponents of drone useage have foisted on an uninformed public, coupled to what seems to be a lot of congressional hullabaloo over civilian use of “drones” for public safety purposes, public opinion polls have continued to indicate that there’s a much broader public acceptance of deploying unmanned aerial systems for public safety reasons than has been widely reported. Polls show public support for drones A March Gallup poll, for example, found about half of those surveyed were actually “closely” following news about the use of drones and that of “those who are following drone news more closely, [they are] likely to support their use.” Misconceptions about drones are perpetuated by activities such as an ordinance that encourages hunters to shoot down drones in the small community of Deer Trail, CO. The FAA recently respond with a statement warning it’s a federal crime to shoot at drones. Then there was the appearance of professionally made bogus signs depicting a drone firing a missile erected along Bay Area, CA. highways warning motorists drones are used to enforce speed limits. The reality is that unmanned aerial systems provide a less costly, easy way to learn and quickly deploy multiple surveillance capability that can be sent into dangerous situations potentially too dangerous for human first responders, DHS has said. The result of another poll that contradicts the conventional wisdom that the public is leery of a domestic role for drones was released in June by the Aerospace Industries Association (AIA). It showed 54 percent of Americans favor the use of drones for civilian purposes, including border patrol, weather prediction and disaster response. Similarly, another recent poll conducted by the Institute for Homeland Security Solutions (IHSS) and RTI International found 57 percent of the general public supports the use of unmanned aircraft systems for any application. “An overwhelming majority of Americans support the use of unmanned aircraft for homeland security, search and rescue and fighting crime,” IHSS said, pointing out “that the majority of the general public supports the use of unmanned aircraft in the United States for a wide array of uses.” “When asked about specific uses of the technology, support was significantly higher, with 88 percent of respondents supporting [drones] for search and rescue operations," it added. Two-thirds of surveyed Americans said they also support the use of drones in homeland security missions. The study of 2,000 respondents, conducted in March, was designed to gauge the publics’ perceptions about unmanned aircraft in the US. The survey found: 88 percent of the general public supports their use in search and rescue operations; 67 percent support their use in homeland security missions; 63 percent support their use in fighting crime; and 61 percent support their use in commercial applications Law enforcement uninformed about drones Despite claims that employment of drones by police departments is exploding in a virtually uncontrolled manner, the study found awareness of domestic, remotely controlled aircraft use is not widely known among law enforcement officers -- however, police officials were quick to see the potential benefits of the technology to enhance law enforcement. Among the findings of law enforcement officials: 93 percent thought they would be a useful tool for search and rescue operations; 81 percent thought they would be useful to photograph crime scenes; 73 percent thought they would be useful for drug interdiction; 72 percent thought they would be useful for surveillance; and 66 percent thought they would be useful for emergency response “Despite the concerns associated with unmanned systems, this study shows the majority of law enforcement officers find the potential advantages outweigh the risks and barriers,” said Joe Eyerman, Ph.D., director of the Center for Security, Defense and Safety at RTI and co-director of IHSS and the study’s lead author. RTI International began a research program in 2012 that was dedicated to understanding the social, behavioral and policy factors associated with domestic drone technology. The research brief includes preliminary findings of the first two pilot surveys of a non-representative group of police chiefs in Ohio … and the general population of the United States, the group said. “It’s important to understand the societal implications when new technologies are introduced,” Eyerman said, noting that “If we don’t take the time to do this, it is likely that governments and industry will make a number of costly missteps while implementing this technology and the regulations that govern its use.” "We feel like there's been too much rhetoric about privacy concerns and things that aren't relevant to domestic use of unmanned aerial systems," former FAA Administrator and AIA chief executive, Marion Blakey, recently told Reuters. But while Blakey said “Nobody's talking about using militarized drones in US civil airspace,” she said the domestic drone industry needs to do a better job to dispel public misperceptions about drones, despite the recent surveys indicating favorable public attitudes toward the use of drones for public safety. The benefits for first responders “The tremendous support that Americans have for the use of unmanned aerial systems in the US underscores the publics’ understanding of the widespread benefits,” said Michael Toscano, president & CEO of AUVSI. “Unmanned aircraft have the potential to be beneficial in a wide range of applications, from helping to search for lost children and missing hikers to helping homeland security keep our borders safe. This public support shows the importance of safely integrating [drones] into the national airspace in a timely manner.” “Unmanned aircraft increase human potential, allowing us to execute dangerous or difficult tasks safely and efficiently,” said Toscano, who stressed that “Whether it is helping first responders, advancing scientific research or making business more efficient, unmanned aerial systems are capable of saving time, saving money and most importantly, saving lives.” AUVSI Vice President Gretchen West also has said that “a lot of the public” that doesn’t understand much about drone technology consequently don’t understand that for first responders, drones are being used “to do the same thing they’ve used manned aircraft for years.” The Gallup poll in March found that “on a relative basis, Americans are not paying a particularly high-level of attention to the controversy surrounding” governments’ use of drones. The poll found 49 percent, or about half of the persons surveyed, “are following news about drones very or somewhat closely.” AUVSI's West echoed other authorities by saying “it’s just that [drones] are more affordable and usually a more efficient option.” In response to outgoing FBI Director Robert Mueller telling lawmakers during a congressional hearing in June that the Bureau has a few drones that it uses in “a very minimal way and very seldom,” Sen. Mark Udall (D-Colo) said “unmanned aerial systems [do] have the potential to more efficiently and effectively perform law enforcement duties …” Evan Baldwin Carr, a National Center for Policy Analysis (NCPA) research associate further underscored that “drones are being developed to aid agriculture and wildlife, monitor and fertilize crops and track wild animals, as well as take scientific measurements for earth science research." They have also "aided the Department of Homeland Security with monitoring the border and drug interdiction and could help domestic law enforcement with search and rescue, traffic monitoring and surveillance.” An earlier poll conducted by New Jersey-based Monmouth University Polling Institute in June, 2012, found “An overwhelming majority of Americans support the idea of using drones to help with search and rescue missions (80 percent),” while “two-thirds of the public also support using drones to track down runaway criminals (67 percent) and control illegal immigration on the nation’s border (64 percent).” “One area where Americans say that drones should not be used … is to issue speeding tickets,” the Monmouth poll found. “Only 23 percent support using drones for this routine police activity while a large majority of 67 percent oppose the idea entirely. “Americans clearly support using drone technology in special circumstances, but they are a bit leery of more routine use by local law enforcement agencies,” said Patrick Murray, director of Monmouth University Polling Institute. AUVSI’s Gielow said the poll showed citizens understand the vital benefits of using less costly drones for dangerous missions like first responder search and rescue, fires and catastrophic disasters. An earlier poll, conducted last September by the Associated Press-National Constitution Center, found that nearly half of the public, 44 percent, support the use of drones by police, such as searching for missing children, surveillance of a location ahead of a SWAT operation and other high risk policing activities. The use of small, remotely controlled multi-sensor drone platforms are expected to become critical tools to aide and assist first responders, especially in high risk law enforcement, fire and search and rescue circumstances. Their value certainly would be recognized in the event of a widespread catastrophic disaster requiring identification of locations where immediate emergency or medical resources are needed. In an effort to assist the nation’s first responders, DHS’s Science & Technology (S&T) Directorate is testing a wide variety of SUAS sensor platforms, including one that can determine whether individuals are armed or unarmed. They are evaluating whether they are suitability for use by first responders and frontline homeland security professionals. Robotic aircraft tested for safety, reliability Homeland Security Today first exclusively reported on S&T’s Borders and Maritime Security Division’s Robotic Aircraft for Public Safety (RAPS) testing program being conducted in Oklahoma in conjunction with the University of Oklahoma. As the RAPS program plan obtained by Homeland Security Today stated, the initiative involves testing sensor suites as part of testing small drones “using key performance measures in a variety of simulated but realistic, real-world operational scenarios that focus on the use of SUAS technology in response to situations where human lives are in imminent danger.” RAPS is designed to “enhance the search and rescue capabilities of first responders by increasing [their] situational awareness.” SUAS sensors, for example, are being tested for their ability to “locate and provide the position of targets of interest satisfactorily for search and rescue personnel in a variety of terrain and day conditions.” To enhance fire and disaster response capabilities of first responders by increasing their situational awareness, sensors mounted on both fixed- and rotary-wing drones weighing 25 pounds or less are being tested for their ability to locate and provide the position of fire or hot spots despite the presence of objects that obscure their line-of-site; locate and provide the position and concentration of chemical agents; and locate and provide the position and concentration of radiological agents. The RAPS Test Plan explained “Small Unmanned Aircraft Systems may soon become valuable tools for first and emergency responders and for those responsible for US border security.” It emphasized that “SUAS can provide tactical, rapid-response capabilities and much better situational awareness before field officers and agents respond to and engage in potentially dangerous operations.” Many so-called “drones” are already in use for military and homeland security purposes, and are quickly being developed for transition to public safety, first responder and commercial applications, according to the new IHSS research paper, Unmanned Aircraft and the Human Element: Public Perceptions and First Responder Concerns. Drone integration is inevitable—FAAGregory McNeal, November 2014, is a professor at Pepperdine University School of Law and a contributor to Forbes. He is an expert in law and public policy with a specific focus on security, technology and crime. Drones and Aerial Surveillance: Considerations For Legislators, http://www.brookings.edu/~/media/Research/Files/Reports/2014/10/drones-aerial-surveillance-legislators/Drones_Aerial_Surveillance_McNeal_FINAL.pdf?la=en, /Bingham-MB The domestic use of drones by law enforcement is a popular topic following passage of the FAA Modernization and Reform Act of 2012. The act directed that the FAA must integrate unmanned aircraft systems—drones—into the national airspace by September of 2015. A number of organizations have expressed concern over the possibility that thousands of drones will be crowding the skies, some armed with sophisticated cameras. The ACLU, for example, has been quite vocal in its criticism releasing a report that sets out their concerns over the prospect of intrusive aerial surveillance without proper safeguards. While a robust public debate over the use of domestic drones is warranted, the conclusion that widespread privacy violations are imminent is premature. While the FAA Modernization and Reform Act seeks the integration of unmanned aircraft into U.S. airspace by September 30, 2015, most of the provisions dealing with unmanned aircraft create a broad framework under which the FAA can explore the uses and feasibility of integration of this new technology. The key sections of the law direct the Secretary of Transportation and the Administrator of the FAA to draft plans, standards, and rules to ensure that drone integration proceeds in a safe and legal manner. In short, this is a public process where civil liberties and privacy groups will no doubt have a voice in crafting rules, and that voice seems to be at least as effective as the industry association’s voice. What is left out of the process is what state and local governments will do with the technology, and that is the primary focus of this paper. Only a question of when, not ifDylan Love, 12-16-2013, A Look At Our Inevitable Drone-Filled Future," Business Insider, http://www.businessinsider.com/how-drones-will-be-used-in-the-future-2013-12, Accessed: 5-31-2015, /Bingham-MB Forget for a moment the dramatic news clips you've seen of Predator drones taking off to bomb battlefields. Yes, they are drones – unmanned vehicles that can fly without human assistance – but they only represent a narrow slice of what drones are all about. There is a huge potential for how private, commercial drone use can change our lives. When we're talking about commercial drones, we're generally talking about a small, GPS-enabled remote control airplanes or helicopters with really advanced autopilot that can handle all aspects of a flight, from takeoff to landing. For such a straightforward idea, it has huge implications that could shake up a number of industries. But American regulators obviously want to make sure that drones can be employed safely. Consider this quick thought experiment. It's some indeterminate amount of time in the future and seeing a commercial drone is as commonplace as seeing a UPS truck today. Farmers use them to more quickly and efficiently dust their crops. Search and rescue missions rely on them to get to vantage points that an unaided human never could. The pizza delivery man is a trained and licensed professional drone pilot who works from home. And all of this happens with the government's blessing. In this hypothetical world, it's no longer unusual to look up to the sky and see it riddled with unmanned aircraft going about their business. In fact, a sky full of drones is the new normal. What would that world be like, practically? Amazon got the general population interested in drones with the announcement that it has been experimenting with "octocopters," unmanned drones that will supposedly be able to deliver an item to your house within 30 minutes of ordering it. "Amazon Prime Air," as it's being called, won't be deployed for customers anytime soon. But people seem to love the idea. Here's the 60 Minutes video that got everyone's attention. Zookal, an Australian company that sells textbooks, recently partnered with Flirtey, a drone company, to facilitate speedy delivery of textbooks to customers who order them. Zookal CEO Ahmed Haider told us that the Amazon drones behaving as demonstrated in the video is only "an eventuality, however with the current legislation in America its just a matter of when rather than if." Drones are inevitable but delays allow more research to overcome key barriers to effective integrationMaddox and Stuckenberg 15 (Major Stephen Maddox, US Air Force pilot, director with the American Leadership and Policy Foundation, Captain David Stuckenberg, US Air Force Pilot and Chairman of the American Leadership & Policy Foundation. “Drones in the U.S. National Airspace System: A Safety and Security Assessment.” Harvard Law School: National Security Journal, February 24th, 2015. http://harvardnsj.org/2015/02/drones-in-the-u-s-national-airspace-system-a-safety-and-security-assessment/) The question before us is not if drones will be a part of the NAS, but how? Will integration unfold in a safe and reasonable manner, or will we repeat mistakes from history? DOT testified to the House Transportation aviation subcommittee that FAA would miss the deadline due to significant technological and safety concerns.[lxii] From a historical perspective, this is not surprising. The current NAS took years to develop. It resulted from reactive legislation following numerous accidents. Conversely, safe UAS integration will require proactive resolution of many regulatory, legislative, and technological issues.[lxiii] However, the most significant of these are: (1) inadequate safety systems (2) inadequate statutes, and (3) incomplete threat analyses.¶ The first problem is the technology required to safely implement FAA’s UAS roadmap. According to a DOT audit, “Significant technological, regulatory, and management barriers exist to safely integrat[ing] UAS . . . . Following many years of working with industry, FAA has not reached consensus on standards for technology that would enable UAS to detect and avoid other aircraft and ensure reliable data links between ground stations and the unmanned aircraft they control.”[lxiv] To resolve this, FAA, along with its interagency partners must lead and expand research and development at UAS test sites. Competitive design challenges may also provide FAA with a viable option to accelerate technological problem solving.¶ In addition to the technological issues, current criminal, civil, and regulatory provisions are inadequate for deterring hazardous use of drones. It’s also vital to address Congressman McCaul’s warning, “that these aerial vehicles could be modified and used to attack key assets and critical infrastructure in the United States.”[lxv] Additional threat analysis and research on drone capabilities and prospective defense measures is needed. According to Lt. Col. (Ret.) Mitchell, drones “will be one of the worst security . . . issues that we have.”[lxvi]¶ These latent problems will continue to delay the safe and useful integration of UAS. According to DOT, “Integrating UAS into the complicated U.S. airspace requires an incremental approach, and one that will allow the NAS processes currently in place, as well as those under development, to effectively ensure safety both in the air and on the ground.”[lxvii] While delays may hinder a growing UAS industry and draw unwanted attention to FAA, they will also provide vital time for research, threat assessment, and the implementation of practical solutions. Download 235.33 Kb. Share with your friends:
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