QM, EM and firm performance 210 © 2008 The Authors Journal compilation © 2008 Blackwell Publishing Ltd and British Academy of Management Gilley et al. (Two types of environmental initiatives 39 process-driven and 32 product-driven ones. Anticipated firm performance (stock returns) No significant effects of greening on performance. Different types of environmental initiatives have unique implications. De Burgos and Céspedes (Data by Judge and Douglas Data by Judge and Douglas (Data by Judge and Douglas (Positive but not significant impact of environmental issue integration on FP. Positive and significative impact of environmental performance on FP King and Lenox (Pollution reduction means or methods (waste generation, waste prevention, waste treatment and waste transfer) Total emissions ROA, Tobin’s q Lower emissions (in t) are significantly associated with a higher FP (in t + 1). Significant and positive relationship of waste prevention with ROA and Tobin’s q. Wagner et al. Environmental index integrating SO emissions, NO x emissions and COD emissions ROS, ROE and ROCE Negative and significant effect of environmental performance on ROCE. No evidence of significant impact of any economic performance variable on environmental performance. Cañón and Garcés (ISO 14001 certification Stock price Negative impact of certification on pioneer, middle-polluting and lower-sized firms. Melnyk et al. (State of the EMS no formal EMS, formal EMS and formal certified EMS. 17 environmental options. Corporate performance perceptual measures Positive and significant impact of the EMS state on all corporate performance measures. Positive and significant impact of the EMS state on environmental options. Al-Tuwaijri et al. Ratio of toxic waste recycled to total toxic waste generated Stock price Significantly positive relation between environmental performance and economic performance. Good environmental performers disclose more pollution-related environmental information than poor performers. Watson et al. (2004) EMS adoption ROA, profit margin and other measures Results do not show any significant difference in FP between EMS adopters and non-EMS adopters. Study EM variables EP variables FP variables Major findings
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