for the Confederacy and Southern morale is an excellent study by Jacqueline
Glass Campbell,
When Sherman marched North from the Sea Resistance onthe Confederate Home Front (Chapel Hill, NC, and London University of North Carolina Press, 2003), that stresses the upsurge of support for the
Confederate war effort in the face of Union general William Sherman’s
“March to the Sea a topic that is also explored in George C. Rable,
CivilWars: Women and the Crisis of Southern Nationalism (Urbana
and Chicago,
IL: University of Illinois Press, 1989), Stephen V. Ash,
When the Yankees Came:Conflict and Chaos in the Occupied South,
1861–1865 (1995, repr. Chapel Hill, NC University of North Carolina Press, 2002), and in Gallagher’s
TheConfederate War (detailed above).
A useful introduction to the lives of African-American women can be found in Jacqueline Jones,
Labor of Love,
Labor of Sorrow Black Women,
Work,
and the Family from Slavery to the Present (New York Basic Books, and in the essay collection edited by David Barry Gaspar and Darlene
Clark Hine,
More THAN Chattel Black Women and Slavery in the Americas(Bloomington
and Indianapolis, IN Indiana University Press, The experiences and actions of African-American women in the context of the war and emancipation more specifically are the subject of several state studies, including Noralee Frankel,
Freedom’s Women Black Womenand Families in Civil War Era Mississippi (Bloomington and Indianapolis,
IN: Indiana University Press, 1999), and Leslie A. Schwalm,
A Hard Fight for We Women’s Transition from Slavery to Freedom in South Carolina(Urbana, IL University of Illinois Press, 1997). These should be read in the context of the wider
literature on emancipation, in particular Roger L. Ransom and Richard Sutch,
One Kind of Freedom The EconomicConsequences of Emancipation (Cambridge and New York Cambridge
University Press, 1977); Michael Wayne,
The Reshaping of Plantation Society:The Natchez District,
1860–1880 (Baton Rouge, LA Louisiana State
University Press, 1983); Julie Saville,
The Work of Reconstruction From Slaveto Wage Laborer in South Carolina,
1860–1870 (1994, repr.
Cambridge andNew York Cambridge University Press, 1996); Clarence L. Mohr,
On theThreshold of Freedom Masters and Slaves in Civil War Georgia (Athens, GA,
and London University of Georgia Press, 1986); Susan Eva O’Donovan,
Becoming Free in the Cotton South (Cambridge, MA Harvard University
Press, 2007), which looks at southwest Georgia Leon F. Liwack,
Been in the Storm so Long The Aftermath of Slavery (1979, repr. New York Vintage
Books, 1980); and Thavolia Glymph and J. J. Kushma, eds,
Essays on the Post-bellum Southern Economy (College Station, TX Texas AM University Press,
1985).
As
with African-American troops, the best way to approach the whole subject of slavery and emancipation is to go to the source material that is available in Ira Berlin et al., eds,
Freedom: A Documentary History ofGuide to Further Reading
•
377 Emancipation,
1861–1867; volumes published to date Series 1, Vol, Ii TheiiDestruction of Slavery, ed.
Ira Berlin, Barbara J. Fields, Thavolia Glymph,
Joseph P. Reidy, and Leslie S. Rowland (New York and Cambridge Cambridge
University Press, 1985); Vol. II,
The Wartime Genesis of Free Labor The UpperSouth, ed. Ira Berlin, Steven F. Miller, Joseph P. Reidy, and Leslie S. Rowland
(New York and Cambridge Cambridge University Press, 1993); Vol. III,
The Wartime Genesis of Free Labor The Lower South, ed. Ira Berlin, Thavolia
Glymph, Steven F. Miller, Joseph P. Reidy, Leslie S. Rowland, and Julie
Saville (New York and Cambridge Cambridge University Press, Series 2,
The Black Military Experience, ed. Ira Berlin, Joseph P. Reidy, and
Leslie S. Rowland (New York and Cambridge Cambridge University Press and Series 3, Vol. Ii Land and Labor,
1865, ed. Steven Hahn, Steven F.
Miller, Susan E. O’Donovan, John C. Rodrigue, and Leslie S. Rowland
(Columbia, NC University of North Carolina Press, 2008).
Slavery’s legacy, indeed the Civil War’s legacy, is a whole new subject,
but students could start with Susan-Mary Grant and Peter J. Parish,
eds.,
Legacy of Disunion The Enduring Significance of the American Civil War (Baton Rouge, LA Louisiana State University Press, 2003); for women and the war, Karen L. Cox,
Dixie’s Daughters The United Daughters of theConfederacy and the Preservation of Confederate Culture (Gainesville, FL:
University Press of Florida, 2003), and Caroline E. Janney,
Burying the Dead but not the Past Ladies Memorial Associations and the Lost Cause(Chapel Hill, NC University of North Carolina Press, 2008), as introductions to the role of women in maintaining, indeed constructing, the culture of the Lost Cause and, for the shifting
postwar racial landscape, David Blight,
Race and Reunion The Civil War in American Memory (Cambridge,
MA, and London Harvard University Press, 2001).
WWWDuke University Special Collections on women in the Civil War:
http://scriptorium.lib.duke.edu/collections/civil-war-women.html.
For full information on the
Freedmen project and the published volumes to date, seethe project Website at www.history.umd.edu/Freedmen/fssphome.htm.
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