Accounting technicians scheme west africa
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- 2.3.3 Management as a discipline and profession
- Characteristics of a profession (a) Systematic body of knowledge
- Specialization
| 2.3.2 Management as a process Management is a process involving certain functions and work activities that managers must perform to achieve an enterprise’s goals. Managers use principles that guide the management process. The five fundamental functions of management – planning, organizing, staffing, leading and controlling – constitute the process of management. They are the means by which a manager manages. 2.3.3 Management as a discipline and profession This is seen in the context of specialization and choosing management as a career. The function of managers in any organisation is very crucial as he harnesses all the other resources to achieve the organisation’s objective. This is the reason, management is undertaken in colleges and higher institution as a course of study and further specialization at Master’s degree and Doctor of Philosophy levels. Such course is studied as Business Administration, Business Management, Business Studies, Management Technology, etc. A profession is an occupation carried by professionals like doctors, lawyers, architects, chartered accountants, builders, etc. It involves knowledge and application of it. Management as a profession is a modern concept different from traditional one. Characteristics of a profession (a) Systematic body of knowledge: Professionals require expert knowledge in a particular discipline. E.g. a doctor requires knowledge of medicine Chartered Accountant needs to have knowledge of Income Tax. b) Formal Education: A true professional needs to have formal education from the institution. E.g. Lawyer needs degree of law. c) Social Responsibility: The professional are socially responsible while handling their tasks and responsibilities. Their aim should not be only profit maximization, but they have to follow certain rules for social responsibilities. db Independent Office: Normally professionals practice from their independent office. e) Specialization: The professionals may specialize in a particular field. E.g. heart specialist, child specialist and ENT surgeon. f) Fees: The professionals required license or a permission to practice. E.g. a doctor requires license to practice as a medical practitioner. The modern concept of management has developed as a profession because i) Organization is a systematic body of knowledge. ii) Formal methods of acquiring knowledge and skill with the help of different institution. iii) Rise in professional management consultant. iv) Need for honesty. |