Article in Journal of the British Interplanetary Society · February 012 Source: arXiv citations 23 reads 4,982 author: Some of the authors of this publication are also working on these related projects
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TESLA COIL HANDBOOK, Desenvolvimento de Momentum
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- ADVANCED SPACE PROPULSION BASED ON VACUUM (SPACETIME METRIC) ENGINEERING JBIS, Vol. 63, pp, 2010 HAROLD E. PUTHOFF
| 2. SPACETIME MODIFICATION – METRIC TENSOR APPROACH Despite the daunting energy requirements to restructure the spacetime metric to a significant degree, the forms that such restructuring would take to be useful for spaceflight applications can be investigated, and their corollary attributes and consequences determined - a Blue Sky general-relativity- for-engineers approach, as it were. From such a study the signatures that would accompany such advanced-technology craft can be outlined, and possible effects of the technology with regard to spacetime effects that include such phenomena as the distortion of space and time can be cataloged. This would include, among other consequences, cataloging effects that might be potentially harmful to human physiology. ADVANCED SPACE PROPULSION BASED ON VACUUM (SPACETIME METRIC) ENGINEERING JBIS, Vol. 63, pp, 2010 HAROLD E. PUTHOFF Institute for Advanced Studies at Austin, 11855 Research Blvd, Austin, Texas 78759, USA. Email: puthoff@earthtech.org A theme that has come to the fore in advanced planning for long-range space exploration is the concept that empty space itself (the quantum vacuum, or spacetime metric) might be engineered so as to provide energy/thrust for future space vehicles. Although far-reaching, such a proposal is solidly grounded in modern physical theory, and therefore the possibility that matter/ vacuum interactions might be engineered for spaceflight applications is not a priori ruled out [1]. As examples, the current development of theoretical physics addresses such topics as warp drives, traversable wormholes and time machines that provide for such vacuum engineering possibilities [2-6]. We provide here from abroad perspective the physics and correlates/ consequences of the engineering of the spacetime metric. Keywords: Space propulsion, metric engineering, spacetime alteration, warp drives, wormholes, polarizable vacuum 83 Advanced Space Propulsion Based on Vacuum (Spacetime Metric) Engineering The appropriate mathematical evaluation tool is use of the metric tensor that describes the measurement of spacetime intervals. Such an approach, well-known from studies in GR (general relativity) has the advantage of being model-independent, i.e., does not depend on knowledge of the specific mechanisms or dynamics that result in spacetime alterations, only that a technology exists that can control and manipulate (i.e., engineer) the spacetime metric to advantage. Before discussing the predicted characteristics of such engineered spacetimes a brief mathematical digression is in order for those interested in the mathematical structure behind the discussion to follow. As a brief introduction, the expression for the dimensional line element ds 2 in terms of the metric tensor g µ v is given by 2 ds g dx dx µ ν µν = (1) where summation over repeated indices is assumed unless otherwise indicated. In ordinary Minkowski flat spacetime a (4- dimensional) infinitesimal interval ds is given by the expression (in Cartesian coordinates 2 2 2 2 2 ( ) ds c dt dx dy dz = − + + (2) where we make the identification dx 0 = cdt, dx 1 = dx, dx 2 = dy, dx 3 = dz, with metric tensor coefficients g 00 = 1, g 11 = g 22 = g 33 = -1, g µ v = 0 for µ ≠ v. For spherical coordinates in ordinary Minkowski flat spacetime 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 sin ds c dt dr r d r d θ θ where dx 0 = cdt, dx 1 = dr, dx 2 = d θ, dx 3 = d ϕ, with metric tensor coefficients g 00 = 1, g 11 = -1, g 22 = -r 2 , g 33 = -r 2 sin 2 θ, g µ v = 0 for ≠ v. As an example of spacetime alteration, in a spacetime altered by the presence of a spherical mass distribution m at the origin (Schwarzschild-type solution) the above can be transformed into [10] ( ) ( ) 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 sin Gm rc Gm rc ds c dt dr Gm rc Gm rc Gm rc rd iidi ϕ − − − = − + + − +with the metric tensor coefficients g µ v modifying the Minkowski flat-spacetime intervals dt, dr, etc, accordingly. As another example of spacetime alteration, in a spacetime altered by the presence of a charged spherical mass distribution (Q, m) at the origin (Reissner-Nordstrom-type solution) the above can be transformed into [11] ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 2 4 2 2 2 2 0 2 2 2 2 1 2 4 2 2 0 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 4 1 1 1 4 1 1 1 1 sin Q G c Gm rc ds c dt Gm rc r Gm rc Q G c Gm rc dr Gm rc r Gm rc Gm rc r d d πε πε θ θ ϕ − − = + + + − − + + + − +with the metric tensor coefficients g µ v again changed accordingly. In passing, one can note that the effect on the metric due to charge Q differs in sign from that due to mass m, leading to what in the literature has been referred to as electrogravitic repulsion Similar relatively simple solutions exist fora spinning mass (Kerr solution, and fora spinning electrically charged mass (Kerr-Newman solution. In the general case, appropriate solutions for the metric tensor can be generated for arbitrarily- engineered spacetimes, characterized by an appropriate set of spacetime variables dx µ and metric tensor coefficients g µ v . Of significance now is to identify the associated physical effects and to develop a Table of such effects for quick reference. The first step is to simply catalog metric effects, i.e., physical effects associated with alteration of spacetime variables, and save for Section 4 the significance of such effects within the context of advanced aerospace craft technologies. Download 0.6 Mb. Share with your friends:
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