Western Journal of Communication, 62, 74–93.
Heilman, ME. Description and prescription How gender stereotypes prevent women’s ascent up the organizational ladder.
Journal of Social Issues, 57, 657–674.
Heilman, ME, Wallen, AS, Fuchs, D, & Tamkins, MM. Penalties for success Reactions to women who succeed at male gender-typed tasks.
Journal of Applied Psychology, 89,
416–427.
Hofmann, W, Gawronski, B, Gschwendner, T, Le, H, & Schmitt, MA meta-analysis on the correlation between the implicit association test and explicit self-report measures.
Personalityand Social Psychology Bulletin,
31, Hyde, J. S. (2005). The gender similarities hypothesis.
American Psychologist, 60, 581– 592.
Kimmel, M. (2000).
The gendered society. New York Oxford University Press.
Kunda, Z, & Spencer, SJ. When do stereotypes come to mind and when do they color judgment A goal-based theoretical framework for stereotype activation and application.
PsychologicalBulletin, 129, 522–544.
Langford, T, & MacKinnon, NJ. The affective bases for the gendering of traits Comparing the United States and Canada.
Social Psychology Quarterly,
63, 34–48.
MANAGERS PERCEPTIONS
OF WOMEN AND MEN LEADERS49
Lucas, J. W. (2003). Status processes and the institutionalization of women as leaders.
AmericanSociological Review, 68, 464–480.
Martell, RF DeSmet, ALA diagnostic-ratio approach to measuring beliefs about the leadership abilities of male and female managers.
Journal of Applied Psychology, 86, Murphy, KR Myors, B. (2004).
Statistical power analysis (2nd ed.). Manwah, NJ Lawrence
Erlbaum.
National Center for Education Statistics. (2005).
Postsecondary participation rates by sex and race/eth-nicity. Retrieved August 13, 2006, from http://nces.ed.gov/programs/quarterly/vol_7/1_2/5_6.asp#1.
Nieva, VF Gutek, BA. Sex effects on evaluation.
Academy of Management Review,
5,
267–276.
Ridgeway, CL. Gender, status, and leadership.
Journal of Social Issues, 54, 637–655.
Rudman, LA, Greenwald, AG McGhee, DE. Implicit self-concept and evaluative implicit gender stereotypes Self and ingroup share desirable traits.
Personality and SocialPsychology Bulletin, 27, 1164–1178.
Schein, V. EA global look at psychological barriers to women’s progress in management.
Journal of Social Issues, 57, 675–688.
Schein, V. E, Mueller, R, Lituchy, T, & Liu, J. (1996). Think manager-think male A global phenomenon
Journal of Organizational Behavior, 17, 33–34.
Sczesny, SA closer look beneath the surface Various facets of the think-manager-think-male stereotype.
Sex Roles, 49, 7, Sinclair, L, & Kunda, Z. (2000). Motivated stereotyping of women She’s fine if she praised me but incompetent if she criticized me.
Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 26, 1329–1342.
Spelke, E. (2005). Sex differences in intrinsic aptitude for mathematics and science A critical review.
American Psychologist, 60, 950–958.
Tavris, C. (1992).
The mismeasure of women Why women are not the better sex, the inferior sex orthe opposite sex. New York Simon and Schuster.
Von Hippel, W, Silver,
LA Lynch, ME. Stereotyping against your will The role of inhibitory ability in stereotyping and prejudice among the elderly.
Personality and Social PsychologyBulletin, 26, Williams, J. E, & Best, D. L. (1990).
Measuring sex stereotypes A multi-nation study. Newbury
Park, CA Sage Publications.
Yukl, GA.
Leadership in organizations. NJ Prentice Hall.
Yukl, GA. An evaluative essay on current conceptions of effective leadership.
EuropeanJournal of Work and Organizational Psychology,
8, Zimmerman, TS, Haddock, SA McGeorge, CR. Mars and Venus Unequal planets.
Journal of Marital Family Therapy, 27, 55–68.