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11.8 other sources of ambiguity with the gerund 1. If you begin
a sentence with the gerund, the reader may not be clear who or what this gerund refers to. Solution rearrange the sentence using a
subject + verb construction.
2. When the gerund appears in the second part of a sentence it may not be clear if it refers to the subject or the object of the verb in the first part. Solution Use
that or
because (
since, as etc) to clarify.
3. If you are simply
giving additional information, use
and (this is not a rule but facilitates the reader’s understanding.
YES NO 1 Since
the frequency spectrum is equa l for all the examined transients, the curves have the same shape and differ only in amplitude.
Being equal for
all the examined transients the frequency spectrum , the curves have the same shape and differ only in the amplitude.
1 If
the status is set to OFF, users will not be able to operate the machine.
Setting the status to OFF, users will not be able to operate the machine.
1 After
the gels had been washed to remove impurities, they were incubated for 90 min. After
washing to remove impurities,
the gels were incubated for 90 min.
2 Professor Yang only teaches students
that have a good level of English. Professor Yang only teaches students
having a good level of English. It is clear that it is the students who have the good level of English. Who has good English –
the students or Yang 2
Suzi teaches students
since / Share with your friends: 
