Reading Passage 1: "William Kamkwamba"



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Word list:
1
Spiny (adj) – covered with spines (long sharp points like needles)
Example: A spiny cactus
2
Forage (v) – to go from place to place searching, especially for food
Example: The children had been living on the streets, foraging for scraps and
sleeping rough
3
Primitive (adj) – relating to human society at a very early stage of development, with people living in a simple way without machines or a writing system (C1)
Example: Primitive races colonized these islands 2000 years ago
4
Uncover (v) – to discover something secret or hidden or remove something covering something else (C1)
Example: The investigation uncovered evidence of a large-scale illegal trade in
wild birds
5
Hibernate (v) – (of some animals) to spend the winter sleeping
Example: The turtle hibernates in a shallow burrow for six months of the year
6
Scarp (v) – to get rid of something that is no longer useful or wanted, often using its parts in new ways (C2)
Example: Hundreds of nuclear weapons have been scrapped
7
Retract (vb to take back an offer or statement or admit that a statement was false
Example: When questioned on TV, the minister retracted his allegations
IEL
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Word list


262
8
Perceive (vb to see something or someone, or to notice something that is obvious (C2)
Example: Bill perceived a tiny figure in the distance
9
Appealing (adj) – attractive or interesting
Example: The idea of not having to getup early every morning is rather appealing
10
Take toll on something (vb to harm or damage someone or something, especially in a gradual way
Example: The recession has taken a heavy toll

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